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Vp DN C W PWd Mpd ul kV DSOvC F C 
lCOo Dk qC lz,lOw MDd l ok 
 DCoCk Clz  @@C @@G@w@C  @C Cp@@C @O@C))
⁽¹⁾((.DGCoCkDz
Mpd ul kV DSOvC F wC @ oD@@C @C @@
Dk qC lz ,lOw MDd l ok  Vp DN C @W@P@W@d
 DF D  G VC DF  G p DF DA qC Cla@,l@C@O@o
C .PvDA orF phD qC  C  ,lCOp Dk qCkD oD@@F
A  D  lOzCk Co Clh Co ok MkDz qoA Dzkh
lClCh Dzkh  lCkCk N D FD@A @ @D@D@kok Co
oCr ,pF pOwF ok C qC oCk pN  :kp .@@F@
.pF pOwF ok CoA  C qC PvC pOF kF koC  pF pzPFp
DA D qC   MoDq Co DA  NCoDq  DDk ok D 
 lOw Clz pq qC DA  PvC  @@ oAkD@@ Co
MoDq qC lCh iv qDA ok  CV .lCOo D@@kqC l@@@z
GwC  C CpC OC)) Ch  PvCp@@G@ @@D@V
 DCo pNPvCo Dz ((.DGCoCk Dz  DCoCkClz  @@C
A Dz  DV C Clz Dz .lOw DCpDz@p@O@or@F
.lDV
@@w@d D@C ul@@ k@V H@@ ((l@@@z)) ,c@@C ok
((lz)) H C F Co DC  D  P@vC@w@C@@@
Co kD DC H  o D .((lC weC)):@C@h@
Co pVFv DC H@  ((kD@@Cp@@@V)):@@@@
((lC weC)) ClClv H ,DCv :@@@
wd DC DN D C D ok  Pw ClF @C @ .P@vC
Co pVFv pC S  o@@D@@.P@vC l@@@z @ P@vC
D C pDv  Pw CD ((@D@@C)) :@@@@
C D ((DpC)): Do DC F pC D ⁽²⁾,lCkG
kD DC F pC D  ,lOw((DpC)) Cl Cpk  P@w@@
DF mDC Cpk  PwC D ((kDC)) :@@@@
wC  ClClvMpd F D pC a ,lOw@@ kD@
lz D pk C Pw C D ((lC)) :@@@
.lCl
qoDG z ok Dq MDO pRDN
DA ?llz lz CpZ C pDv  lA D F i@v @C D@W@@C
Dzkh Dq oV DDOvk FD ok  lk D joDN@
D Dzpv pD  DA .lzDF l p@@@z  kp@D@@
oDwF .PvC kF MDO wd DC yo DF D@zo@ l@k@
CpZ ?kF lz wd DC  pDF DC CpZ ,lz lz wdDC ,Eh
lz D DC  kD DC  pDF DC CpZ ?kFlz kD@W@vD@C
.C pDv o  ?lF
yoDF C pDv yo F Dh D pC PvC DGOzC :PvC C ECV
oChpF .PvC OzCk MDN  OhC PV C ok @w@d D@C
DFqoDG pF DF wd DC ,C D ok :l ,l D@@h
lOzCk Co OhC C C pDv  kF k@h D@q o@V D@@O@vk
.Ckp DGOzC Piv F p oV C pC .lkp qoDG@
pC ,F .PvC hpF  k  Cp  l Co hjoDN
,Pw  oW  F @@@N p@@k o@V Co H@@@D@
D F lvo Z DN - C   ,C Dw P@a@@
yqDv ykh Dq oV   DOvk DF  koCl DC -DC ul
DA DF  F ,l G A DF Co ykh  ,kqDwFDC  l
 .l p qoDG z  PvC C ok MDN .lqoD@G@
C .PvC pz DF qoDG ,PvC V C ,PvC  qoDGP@
qoDG   Pw qoDG ,P @  .P@vC qoD@G@ @@z@
kp DW ,Pw p lF  qoDG C ok .l@@p@
DF kp  ,Pw C dD qC kp kp p ,Pwp
Mo F   ,Pw kCk v C l pF D@V ,P@w@C k@F
.lpz
pRDN lCN qoDG @@z ok D@q MD@@@O@@ @ P@vC @C
OzCk pRDN lCN PV C ok Dq MDO Pa.koCn@@F
pk Dq ok  lzDG rDV  DF yqDv D@q @ ok@ l@zD@F
b ok  Dq b  DF yqDv ,ph .lzDF rDV@@ D@F yqD@v
p PvC  qoDG z DC ,Pw rDV zb F  @D@@
 kpJpq  Di PvC  ,lzDF  qoDGPvC  .l@@
ok   l PDd D oDC C joDN.lzDF oDOO@vC ok
k) N Dd ok qoDG l pC .l@Ck@FqoD@G@ D@d
S ,PvC (()) kD qC ((N)) .(PwpeNF  @@v
z  ok :PvC C D N .PvC (())kD qC  C@@N
pk MoDG F  ,kp Dk kh qC oDOOvC PDd ok ,CDi
qC Pvk  ,koh pO Z p  kq pOF Z p ,kpFoD F pKv
.DzDd ,OzCkpFqoDG
Co oDiOC C oDC C  F D  P@vC ED@w@d @C o
oV h b DF Dzkh Dq ok  loCk Co oD@i@O@C @CoA
 oCr qC lF qpC Dz .lkF qoDG Dd ok   lkpyqD@v
lC C qC F CpF D ,Dv lv  oCr qC F  Dvl@@v
oCr ,Dv Pz  Pwk  oCr ,Dv DWJ  Pwk  oCr:pO@@
G qC) Cp ClG p Dh lF Dv kDO  Pwk
pwJ ,ClG kC ,Cp ClG@ D@N Cp@ @@@Cl@G@qC
,cDv uDGCFC ,Ck o ,uDGCF ,ClG@D@@@
D D ok .lioDN kCpC pNDlF qC (O  D ,lzpCoD
DC ,wN C D ok Od ,PvC zo oDwF  D@@@@z
C PD pC ?PvC kp DW Co DC  .lClzD@@W@
Co DA DCpeC  Dw DA  kG pC  ,kG DC FDok oDC
kp F Co DA k@F @D@  k@F H@D@  l@kp@@@p@F
 oD D qpC ,kG  C pC oA ,l@k@@@kr@z@
DF ,C pC .kpz wl ko ok Co DD@@i@
C w ,lk D p Co   lkpoDzA Co D@
.lz N Dk ok k   orFDDp qC 
CpZ.PvC wCD pVFv DC MkDz MDGV ok D TeF
lzlz pVFv C C ?lkp lz Co pV@F@v@
 pNpGOpFDF .l oDC xa  PvC joDN MDw qC PvC
DDaDv Xok Dv oDZ () pVFv ,MDCo pNo
DC F op,Clq ok  ,Po Dk qC  Clq ok  kpF p@w@F Cl@q
 ,lpF CqC DFq CpOC   Ch Mon   lz kD@J
.PvC joDN O C .l pDd DC
pF Clq ok DC
qC Co C .kpF pwF klO DClq ok ,kpG@ p@w@F Cl@q @ ok D@C
p ok  kF C H qCo  ,lkp O Clq A F ClqC
.lz lp DGClq Nl lC qC lF ,lkpF Co DC @@Cl@q
,o pV FCFpVFw .lkpF pF Cl@q @FCo D@C C
  lkCk C eN Co DC .kF pF C Ck o 
qC   F .kF qCA  o C  oCiFCpz  D@@ yD@@kp@
F DrZ  lkoA DV ok Co uDzClh  lFD kp C)):C Dw@
WeC m D O ok ((.kF l yp ok  lvoC y@
 kF J ok DFp l Z  ,lkpF pF Clq F Co DC178 Dv
p qC) lF   ok Co DC ,DkDz  @V c@@C@F D@C
@C k@h @@ .k@F C Cl@q ok D@C @Nl@ .l@kp@F(@do
lDz  kp Dh G  C .lz lp  lpVFw@
kp l GN Ph DOvk  oD pVFvD@C
 ,PvC Ph l  PvC C yp @@ @ @D@P@vC
pC  PvC P kp C , lk .PvC kq ypv F PvD@o@@
PvC cp H P GV qC PvC cp C CpF PhDw
kCk oOvk .lz   DlF .lzDF HDk kp @ @@@C@
DC qC Dvo  lkCk oCp DC oDOhC ok Co F@h oD@@w@F D@C@
.F Co Clq C   kCk DJ Dpe oD .kpCpn@J
 Pz h F ykh ,phCC . oD Z kCk ECV
 , kCqA Co C kh C lpF eN  qC Co ClF oO@vk
Z .oCk Dkh kr Clq  C F Co kp ZCN@
.PzCk oClph OGC pd ,kF o   h pwJ
Oi DClq ok DC
,FoF .lkCk FoF eN  l@koA kCl@@F @F Co D@C
C .kpKv C F Co DC oD .⁽³⁾PvC p HVDd ((Fo))p@w@J
   kCk pN Co DC  ,lz l DC F Nl qClF 
 lkCk pGh oD @F D@@v@vD@V .kCk oCp@ D@C Cp@Fp@O@@F
ok ,l lq zh F FoF Clqok pVF@v@
 Pp C qC Co DC oD .PvC DqDF  Pw@@ @Cl@q @C
DC DF Nl qC lF  eF .kCkpF DeF eN
.kDOvp uvDV  Pp h hoD  kp oDOo o 
Co DC phDF  ,PvC oCp  qC llk ,lkp eN  lOo
C ,pF e yolJ lF .lz C EeF  Pp
oD Z qC DaF CkDG C CpF D @ @Cp@C p@q
PJ qC kqpv wW  ok ,lkp CpVC CooD oOvk  lOF
pwJ pC :P  PzCn oD y F Coypv Po oD pv
, PDC loCk Dz pC p pDdkh  ,PvC kpp@@N
DC  kClF F lA lF .DZ pwJ ,ZpwJ ,PvC kp FN pwJ
D F pk DG@Cl@q @@e@N P@p@ @@e@N yp@w@J qC Co
C Clq ok  ,kG DwDvDvC l  kCk DzFlv
o b C Clq ok DCpk  ,Pzn Piv DC p@F @@@h
.ll DvA
DC qC oD PvChok
pOF O  DGpN  kF Cl@q D@C @ @D@qo @p@hA ok
kr Co pF e  oD ,kF lD D@F D@C MkD@@z@F
F  p qC P C F   p oDwF DFq  DF  kDOvpDC
D Dz  lz PFDR D pF lF C F  lDvpF v pwJ
Co w  Ckoh w  DvDO  lC@O@zCl@ p@@@@N
qC   D F CpOC N DN  Ckoh w  .FCN
Pw q  x b . kCqA Co N ,D @D@D@@N @
 kh od , CpOC e  od okol  .lF
ol   ,Pw q  pk Di@zC o@@d,P@w@@ q
CpOC N ol  e od ok ,zDF OwCow Ch
 ,liGF Cp h ,Ckp pN  ,Ch MonF  
.DZ  Z kh J DF lF  , kCqA Co N
CpZ?lOw ((DCoCk Dz)) DC CpZ .lF FCo D co D@d
lz D@zl@@@  D@@C Co ok ?l@l@z@ l@@@z D@@@C
DF D) qDVCD F D DC  llF D lOvCh,llz@
F)) :kp  kF C kCk e F  FCV .lk@@(Co @D@
qC lF  (( ,PvC lD DF rZ pk  pqC F oD
.lkp w CoDA O 
DC pOvk P
F @@@C Cp@F ?l@p@@@F Co D@C kCk o@O@vk oD@ Cp@Z D@d
DF ,kp ph uDwdC  lqo MkDwd DC DOVCP@@@
kF kp ClC pOZ DC ,kG D D ok bDC @@C
lkCk iNDA DC (pD EC) l DKF FCC Cp@F
N  O .lCkp DKF Nl EC   ECDC @
CpF C qC lF  ,l PGSN C ypwJ CpF Co lO kp
D lF  ,N ypk pwJ CpF C qC lF  ,D ypkp@w@J
  lDF DwC   l Mk Co Dpz D@O@w@Vp@F
qC  llF N  p  DWA   lDF lCh@@h
pC  wA ?Pw oD C D l p ,kpF P@@F@@
 A  kz ClJ kCpC CpF p C lOF C F D@Z l@zD@F
 O .pVFv ?Pw ,PvC koCk P@hCp@F P@D@@
 F pF e  .lpF Co DC lk oOvk,l lA
oOvk Ckp  qpC p ok h  D :P@@ p@@
 P ?oZ lO .l N Cop@@V@F@v@ l@l@F
.⁽⁴⁾GClWw ok vo Mpd MoDqF Oo  kF Cp
wC :l oWC lk ,llF vpGJ F PvCh  O
Mon Dz qC  :P lF (Cvo :D@) @@C@FC D@ @@@
S) . N Co pVFvDz lqp oGW  C@h@
EDWC oWC fD pk (lFok lCN  pGJ F @@@C
C CpF ,kz DKF O Pok  Co oD C pC ,l@@
Co oD Z oGW ,P DfD pDh F  ,k DKF O@
o F e .Ch MonDz qC  !C @voD@ ,@@@F
.llFCo DC N oOvk Ckp  qpCp ok  Dh :P
.kG Dh ok DC DDNC .DC Cpv lOoDkV kCk oOvk oD
.lCh qD qD DC  llz koCO .pGJ lWw ?kFD@W@
,qD Dd D ok ,l DN Co yqDpVv  lkCl P@@
kp D Mpd  lkpF pF pGJlWw qC DD Co DA
 wC ,C vo D  wC :kpp  pC vo pG F
!?l Z N ClqpDF N PC GF ClV D
Cp@F l@C@h@ @Z (?l@@@ Co oD@ @C oD@) Cp@Z
.PvC kp D  pVFv .kpF PF ClqplO
PDd C ,PvC pk  C @ @C D@C ,P@vC kp@@D@@
.lOh HD Clqp  oD l
D iv
Co C ho qC oD@w@F @ P@vC kp@ @@ o@ @D@
  l pFDF  ,PvC kF z C l ,lCk@@@z
l pF  lzDF OzCk kDOC rZ  F DwC  koClD@ b@@
C .PvC kF z D qC  PvC kF z C l ykDOC
G joDN O ok  PvC kp wN C DDF NDSdDG@ kp@
.lzDF kp SdDG  oWC z D bCll  .P@vC
voD F  kF Oz FDO CpN v D J Dv lZ
A ok .((le A oDF ok De  fpN))D F lz Vp@N @
F Ph oDFok wN C D DFD S@dD@G@ ,ED@O@
PvC DD  HDV SdDG C ol F .PvClz  pC Mp@d
DD oV C z D qC D lF pO@ D@w@C @
lO pC :P D kh O lCOz .lzDF kp SdDG
 .oD olJ :P ? lO?PhA  FCo N w Z
 qC  oD MolJ lO ,OhAoD olJ qC Co N uok
 qC  Dd  ok :P .kFpNzk z C  z D@F
,kF Cp D ,Po Xd F olJ Dpv qC  ok PvC oCp
,oDG  oD ,jD Di ,llAllF  ,kF aF 
,lA  wp kF kCk oOvk .lDFlk F lkF oG@W@ 
DN Co ykClVC  yolJ  ykh vC ,l p Co yk@h C
,p p qC D PvC p qC C  lvDFh DN lF C lV
C .lA  xp .vC D PvC Vor@hP@vC oD@@C qC p@C 
vC C  vC C DF x  :P oD kr lA@ D@Fok
lk F  w A P lA DFokqo .PvC lA p@@  ol@J
:l@@@ P@vC l@A @@@@h
DN .HDFCFFweCFFleFpVFv@@F
:P lF  ,lDpF F :P ,lz lF DV qC olJ ,P@ Co@C
DGOvC  kCk oOvk D F  ,l kDJ  lDF oCvo@D@@
D NDV ok CN  MkDG oDRA  lk Co kp.Oo D .l
oCv .PvC C Vok Dw  kDG A qC  kCkD .kF Cl@@
 k w  F Co Dz :kp kDp ok qColJ ,lA @ k@F
 kp oCpC h olJ Z C  ,lDFkr oCv o @@
 Op Co FDo lk oD pC F .lAoCv Dzp o oCl
 Cv lF  ,Ek ,lD ykh PvkDF Co  .kp kD@JCo C
kDq h yCD lz  ? PvC olZDND :kp D@@FC@V
DNlC .PvC Z lq ?PvC oZDOl@q @ .P@vC
D F olJ kpF PvCh .Po  lF  ,PvCC  lC ?P@w@@Z
yCDh ok DN oD pC F D  ,lpF FDook ,l olF :P@@
  lz Ch h N P  F CoAC  ,Oo yColF ok
. oDOolF  kC DF C A  N F pOF N 
pNpV Clqp  qC  ,OpF ,Pw C OwCk@@ D@
Co C ol C N  kF  C O olJ F lz Mh O@,k@F
C CiF pC Co OvCo :P  kp Clh  ?kpCpO@dC
pd C F DA O .PvDC D COw A pF D@ l@@w@
? oCnC CpZ xJ :O ,oCk kDOC :P?oCk kDO@C
ClF pC ,Ow  lqp  N ? C kCkp :P
ok PDZ  Co aA ,F  l  l ohP@k ok
.oCk pF PN o qC koCkoCp A
Dh F kDOvp Cr DJ ,kCk  oD .Pzn @
.p  gpv oq oDk oCr oDZ ,gpv oq oDk oCr X@@J qC ,A @C
D CpOdC CpF ol C  kp C CpF  J lF OD@
C CpF Co J pO .kF lCh kD@q @@@h l@O@vp@@P@vC
Ck p :P ,kp Cv Oo  qDF .oDk Pwk:kDOvp@
PvlN  DC  l EDWC PvDv .lOw DHo DC
kDq DkDOC MDDC Dq pC Cpq lzDF OzCl J l@@zD@F
.l D N olJ  pz oCrl  PvC  P ,kz
DC  m
DA .PvC kF olZ z C  m  lF Dz DW@@C qC
D ok .lOzCk Co Dk  ,MDGN @  l@@O@zCk p@@@@z@
Pd  d .lOzCk kV Dz ,oD DOvk kCpCpOkr@
ok HC .lz D A qC kz@ @ koCk C@FmD@V@ yk@h
lCo Od  l  P wd   llChDD@qo
.PvDA qC  rKzA ,PvCDpZ DF