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lpF pk x DGk  l Do Cp

DD ,p Cw@@O@C @@k :@w@C @@@ @ @ @ 
,C  PGSN  EC  N CC  V  CpCGOw
OGVC C C CC  MpN l We@C  P@D@C l@D@C C 
⁽¹⁾.CD F PGo

DF qC Dh Ph Cok ok OvJ wC   @Ck@
 ok  ,kp oCkkh PvC C  d ,Ph  HC
 h EC  pRC ok DS lz O qC lF FDd
oCpC  lOp Co C ok   Dh F lOi@o kp@ @ D@@A,C
 ,kp Pvk FCo oC Dq   l PF C DF  lkpCCp
.PzCk PCp Ph ypnJ qC  kp DOC()
:lDp .PvC @G@CX@@ ok kp@ p@ @ @D@@@@V
lF .pk x DGk lpF  l Do Cp ((:pCwOCk))
oN w C CpF ,lk fN Co ykh DOC PDC kh
,pGJ qC lF  ,Ph  Co kh DC - DF mD@@C -@ l@@@
DC  lk fN .lCk oClDq CpF kppNOw@D@z
C MoDG .PvD V ok pNOzA lA   O@zAkD@@C @
ok Co DpV D  ((CC  V  CpC GOwD@D@)):P@vC
DpZ  Oi Do ,PvC GO DpV C  @oCk@@J
DF oCk ClA ,oCl J ok zo lA  D ,koCkD
V A ok  koCk CV DC lF .Oi o lZ pZ l@Z
Op  Co DC ((PDC l DC C)) lDFCo H@@@
Co ykh Z V DwC  kz ClJ kDq  O S ,PvC
ok Co o Mo F CpDz ((MpN l WeC)).lF @
 .lk iN Co CpDz pk kp  PvC OhDzD l@A
 Co C :kp ,kp PWd DNC C F C@@V @p@hA ok
 oDOo DaA ,p Pvk FCo Ph Dq  pC lClF
C CC )) :lCh Dz  DaA @ @Ck@k@h @
Dd F Cp :kp phA ok  kF C .((C D FPGo @O@G@VC
C qC PvC pOF zDF pq Ozn S  pC ,loCnF kh
.zDF pC
ok Co CCp M ()   lk@ D@@ D@@@@V @C
 kCk go lF  N D ,kp F J kh Phok
 CN wV  C ok  ?kF Z M A .kp@Z
orF  oDFok  TeF .lF cpz D@z Cp@FCo M@@@A
F Co M pDv .lF cpzCo   A Ch .PvC@@
  pN F vpF DN  p Dz CpF DVC@e@
.lz A oDOp wC   C pOorF
(D ) DS lz O 
lA :kp A q pF   PzCk kV  @@ @@C
 .kF DS lz O DOvCk ,oCk J ok G@oD@@w@F
EC  FC Co C qC G h @ l@z@ @O@@hQoC
MDCpOC  lk  Co C k qDVC Od ,lC@O@@l@Ckp@
pk kp .PvC OvJ  F FC p C Dd .loCkCCp@
kh  ,l p FC C S  kp  ?loCkp Z
DF   FC Di DF   lCh FC DF  yp@@
 A  DS DCpC  PvC DS p@ @ qC .kp@@D@
F MCqDOC DC  A  ,DpOv  DO@Cl@@F D@@D@e@VC
 qDWd qC DG  Dh Dp pk p qC ,DlDh
,lO  pO lClA DV  qC ,p  @ p@@F  @@l@
,DS  FC D PvC pv  ,kzwN  D@S@
ok  PvC Di DS yo DF  ,koCk GWDpV  C @
h lCh ,kz qDF  h EDF  PvCDi Dd 
DOvCk C  ,kkpqDF w o pF OEDF @ l@@@@F Co
qC Co C koCk z  PvC lO DSF PGw ⁽²⁾.koCk @
FC NA F koDF PvCo Co F l p ko  Co
llz pDd DS CoClp  DS .lFCiF O  kz yD@h
Dzkh EC qC Pvk FC  (lz p@@@ k@h Co qC)
.lz yCWO ,lOzCkpF
) kF lCh CDw DS O Dw @ P@w@Cl@@ @@
D  HW oDwF O C F VN DF Dh (lz lCh OHV
ho  DvDzDV  DOVC D F@ qp@C@@
  lCkp  Co A lCkp D vC joDN ok e@
DS O ok  lk fN Co H C  GCX@@F
lOvCh  DA ,lOzCk Pvk r DS kh CoClpqC F
 EA C qC DA  kkpDKF vC Dk ok O ,kz ODS
ok D Di .(PvC GCX O ok DC) lkDOvC kA
DF O C kp z DDF ,PzCk Pvk DD@@S@ @O@
l oCkpF pF DS lz O qC C DN kz ODS ,kp@@F
. TeF yCoDFok CN C qC F pk ,  C
 lOzCk Co MDN C pG@@J D@@D@i@ D@F @@ D@@D@i@
OvpJPF oDz pq ok  PvpJPF  pD lkF Cl pGJDDi
 Clh oDC  lkF ldN  Clh p ,lkp qoDG pG@@@@JD@F
kDF lq ,((G C)) oDz PeN ,lO  @ Col@@d@N
C)) :PzCk zo oDz  pGJ ,lkp qoDG pGJDF ,G
DCk G  DF  DC ,PvClh pOorF  qC ,((@VC @@C
C Dw  lCvC F pDO  PvC lz VC@@k@F
l pF DDl  ,PvC vC DoDz DDoDz,l@@O@w@@
F ((G C)) oDz pq ok PvC DvFC  D@@ol@J .@vC
ypwJ .PvC DvA C DF qoDG ok pGJ oD Cn ,lApGJ V
Co DvFC Dl D  DvFC co D DvFCFD
 DV l D O )) Ap A oD@@z p@qok D@C koCk
C DC CpF Clh lz O   @w@p@.⁽³⁾((D@D@@@v
h  PvC kCk d ,PvC kCk Nol (C kr ClDh)
Dd .PvC Fh oDz h ,oDz .l GDCo Dzkh @O@@
?Pw DS h pz   lvpKF DqC  Pw @w@
h GD ,l ClJ EDwOC N DF pNDF PJoDZ ok  w 
N qC pOkr ClDh ,koCk pwJ DS ?PvCFp @Z @N @F C
kp  DC ?PvC lz O DS  Fp Z F DDR  ,koCk
v C qC lCh C ,koCl oD Dpd C FD S qDGk
.l kDOvC
p  kF kpKv DS CpC ok kh DvvDV F G @D@@
Dz F  CpF Co C kA h CpJ Co lz O @@@@hP@
,kF h C CpJ h  lOzCn lz O DSDN .lOvpF
CpF lkDOvp ⁽⁴⁾DS q PC DF Co kA h Cp@JD@@
DOC kCk oOvk ,lz EA k ok l Dp@k .@D@@
Co Dk !uDCDC)) :lkp CrA ypG oD CoD@S@ q l@p@F
h q lpF DOC C ,Po PvkqC @vC ,P@p@ @@
lkpF  lkp lF FZ o Co DS CpJkCk oOvk  ((P@vC
p F kp pz ,Pw DWA Po ykh,pk DV D lWw@ ok
kp qC  lCh Dz ok DS o DNl, @h p@F kp@
qC .DS Cih CpF pF  kpkDA Co kp  Pp @zC
FC C DF  ,pF lDF  qC ?pFlDFCo DS h 
ok C DC CpZ kG Pvl pC ,kF Pvllkp PF C DF 
Co   V V k .orF   C?lOw  p@@@
F V k C .koA kV F ChlF DizCp qC  @@
.lzDKF DF C
PCl CpVCok pnJD DC
qC kF ykh yo F Fp  P@zCk @@ p@@k M@@@
 .pk PV qC lkF kpClJ w  pN  ,P@V@
vC DV  kF DDv pGJ qC lF .pnJD D@C k@Fkp@
q C ok ()   ,nO kCpC F kCk qDOC F kF kpMkD
PCl qC  Ow w  :P ,kCk D GW PF
 !DA :lO llA FDeC Od .z pe  p@v@
pC HC C pDNC)) :P ,lzDF OzCk D@@CoCl@@
 l DDN  qC ⁽⁵⁾((pv pvD F oC D C ,oWDF
d kp DDJ  pOv P F Co PvDv ok P qpJ
,Pw Dk ok qo  Gz DN w Clh F ...!?oA PvlF kp
.Pw rZ Z ,PvC Ppd ok DvA ok CoDOvDN
PvDvok PCl PdCp
kF PvDv ok C PCl  PdCp Dw C P@h @v @@@
:lO ,lllwJ DO@vk qC Cl@ qD@F @ Co @C@
 lh oCl  ,koCkpF PdCp  PCl  CPvD@v))
((PvC qDGk PvDv zDZ .kp D A ok lDF qDG@k
F Od  (PvC GCX ok DN  p D@C)
oClOvDv olZ GF Co D ,koCl PvDv @l@@O@@@
:kp!PvC

Cp   ,pW  ol  , @kD@F @D@@ D@ C 
 ,p pW   ,pW ol   ,uDC kC  PolC
⁽⁶⁾((DC  F p C okD

C ,Pw pOpq  qC D ,l@@@@ D@G@O@zC @w@ Cl@h @F
Ch  ,F qDGk Ch  ,PvC vD ,PvCqDGk
kG pC ,F HNp oW  w ,z pe P@@d kD@VqC
llk P A koCk zk Co qDGk DN  oD@G@N Cl@h@
 ,PvC oW ,PvC w qDGk ,PvC  Dk kp pOoq@
PD ok oDGp p  Ck   PvC p DoW @@C
 C k pD) koCk ZpJ   Dd ok kzo@@e@
.(lOw lk Hp ZpJ pq ok  DkohHp
wC  vDvC  ,UoCh
l DC   F p Ch  @ @vD@vC @@@
pGJ  CG ,pC pGJ Dq ok :PvC C H C CpFkF
kz DKF EC   kG CG  D@p@ koA k@V @Fp@C
N Co CG  pGJ :lF V ZpJ  pqok Cl@
Co vC PFpN  N ,koA V l F l ,kp D@@O@,kCk
CC ,kF  ok Dv krv pGJ ,kCk m D@C co okD@W@ol@N
oC  lz eO p kp qC DWo DW@@@z D@p@Vq
phA !C vo D :lO EDeC Z p ,kCk pG@@F o@O@vk
DC Co D qC olZ ,F Xo eO olZ D ,llF DF Dk qDVC
qDWd Ck Do C o Co D olZ !?l DpVq l@@@F
z Co D olZ ,loCnF D Dv o Co Dv OiN lDFCiF
MpVD qDVC  phA ok ,kCk Dk  kDV qDVC pGJ!?lrF
 lkv MpVD  ,lkp MpVD G@d @F Cl@@ kCk
,kp PFpN ?kp Z Dv krv C Ml ok p@G@@@@J.k@F
Cl A .koA kV F Co vC C Ow  ,kCk@@N
co DF  lkF Cl ,lkFp oCr kld MpVD DlDz @
pz .kF vC PFpN  DOFpN DOpSC  lkF D@zA@vC
l  qC  PvC OFpN  N okD  kV P@ @C
ODN  l  C DF DzA  lz PFpN  lz kCk@@N kCp@C
F rp Ow  Mo F kz Co DC .lzDF lAkV F Cp
 lzDF DC DkpDz lz e  Cpk lF koA k@V
.kF C vC P pv .llF GN DCDF Co Dzkh
() pGJ   ()   D DNDN
kFC  ,() pGJ   ()   D DNDN CpFDF
  p DF ,fp p DF  ,p@D@ kp@ D@F p@G@@@@J @
ok pDF   ,p  P  p DF ,kF pFokpJ@F
D Dl  kF pFo  DF ,kF pFo DC F ,kpJ pq
pq ok ,CN  ul kpJ pq ok ,vC kpJ pq ok DC ,kFoD@ l@
,Dh ok ok  kF C k MD@@N  .Ap@ p@D@ Ap@ C@
 N DGk lDz  lDF  oCl A DSok ok D@@@i@
kDq vC MDdO ,lOp kFOp pGJ @ Co @O@@Fp@N
krv pGJ .lF lCN oD DNF MDdO .Pp Mo
Dk Dzkh qC Od w  kClqDVC  lD @@l@ ok D@v
F Pvk pC .lkG kDV  DkC  q kCpC Z ,l@@@@F
PDR  vC p vNHvDN F ,kq lDF  MDdO@ kD@@V
,kz qDN MDdO p qC  o   ,PvC @vC
kp ,l ClJ vN  vCPDR  p ,A MCqC F lDF
 C ,lz vC EnW DA Od  lp vC F 
 lF Co DC  ,vC Ow OvJ ,vC Cl@C  @D@@d
qC  Pp Mo Dh Dqok  O C pRC ok  .lvDF
CG  kF C kCk go vCDk ok  DOVC Dll@J
  vC F ,kF l vCF  lzClJ vC DO@VC ok
,kG DzA vC co DF ,PhDzCo vC pD  DC k@F l@@O@@
 kF lCh qD S o koA oD Z p  C@@G@
 H ul G  .vCClC DvDz o  ,Pp o
DC DDJ  lA kV F vCDk ok w lCq  wO
 xF qC DC DCq pv  DOvk ,kF OwF J kWv MpS qC
 lkF OzCn lWv F CoDpv (Dzpo ok ) D@q o ok
oDwF DlWv  lkF kCk oCp Dz DDh o Co DCq  DOvk
OwF J lkF kp (ODv XJ ODv k  ODv ) @@
 D DC Cpv kDOvpCo uDGFC () @ @ @O@ .k@F
lA  D ,lkF kpyoz  D ()   D@@@
((kWwC  dpDGV )) :kCk fN o@@C ,koA p@G@h
lC )) PvC lzcpW lWv MpS qC DD@D@@@J :P@@
)) PvC OwFJ pOz Cq S  DOvk ((FC MDS
 )) loCkN F DG lCq  DvDG@ ((@@dp@ @@
.PvDCD N   D pNDF  qC ⁽⁷⁾((p@
. pJ d oDF EA Dd
,DV lGO G ,DV wO G  ,CG @Z @
vC PFpN DF  lA kV F vC Dk ok ul hG@
 Pw DzA vC co DF ,PvC vC F l  PwD@@zA
C . PvC lGwZ  e ,PvC lG@w@Z @vC P@v@J@F
:l N oV C CoG

  CN  EC   CV ,Cr@C l@@G@ D@@ D@@V
 Cw ...Eol    ,Ek  @@ C @@G@@ @@E@z
.⁽⁸⁾DC  oClC CGN nC    oDC pVDC

Ddo  ,HC @@@ @ ,D@@V ,@@h @kp@ @
DA DC co ok ,Pw DA Ddo ,P kpF @D@kp@,P@w@J
Cz Cl qC Pw  ,lOw@ kp@ mCoC qC ,koCl@k@V
kp  ,z A qC  ,lA z C qC @,l@Cl@zCl@@J
 kp ,lClA DW qC Pw  ,CNFFkp  ,CFF
,lpF kD Co vC uok  lF vC C uok lDF lDF qDN
Co Ap  ,PwZ lCk Co Ap ,loCl MD,loCl kCv
PFpN ,lF N lDF DC ,l Co pGJ Pv,l@
 pVD rV DC ,lCkp ClJ vC PFpN  NDC ,l@F
 (lOw) kp  ,lOw  kp PFpN Co DA pGDJ oD@C
.loCl vCPFpN
D d   V DpV
CG Z  kp Pvk F Co Ph Cpzok () @
Dp ok ,lOw DV  ok  ,koCk kV w@ D@@ ok@
D d   V DpV .loCk kV G C qC ykh
 ODv A .lA J - lCl@@z op@@ @ - D@p@@
DOwz  loh Pwz loCk  l@@ uD@w@dCD@@@C
.l kDOvC G  qC  l  PvC DPw@@z
C D  !uDCDC :l r DF Co DAp lk oO@vk
lCh pC ?lV CpZ ,Ow G C D@@ ,@@Ap@
V qC Pvk G  Co .lrF CoDAp ClDF xJ lWF
 wC  Plh llA ,V ApDF lO ,ll
pk lA D F Ap  Dd ,lA D F Ap ,lzd  pk
iv C qo qC  lCk Dz p :kp  .koCl V
, MD  Pd Ap uDvCpF D lDF  PvC CDC F 
D FCo Ap DC ,l ok DC ?PwDF @d@@@@G@F
 qDF lF C CpF lCkCk oCp pKv Co Ap nD  lV,lCkoD
D Ap  ,Ow Dz DC  ,ll PC .lFD@@ Ap@
F DN D ?lr Dpd Z !HW lO .V lpF lrF,Ow D@@z
,Ow Fh kA N O  OwCk @F@hkA Co @N D@d
!?WF Ap DF pF D  .Ow G DVkA  N lz 
.lW Dz Eh oDwF.V ph