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z joDN -1
pG PG qC G z -C
,pG PG p ok z joDN F OhCkpJ qC G P@vC H@vD@@
PG p ok z joDN pF @h l@@Z p@ op@ p@C l@Fok
.DFp
:lCOz (o) DGDG  dp z pN ok
DV  Ph  kz O Dw F @@D@C @@@z))
kp F pe  Dh d o k   PVp  ()pG@@J
A F DN Co    VCp  lCOwCk wC@@
⁽¹⁾.lCk Co ylqp 11 oCorF
PDo o F Cp@O@C qC x@J C CoD@  @w@C@@@ @@
h D F Pvk D p OzCl  w  vCPe@
 kF A pF z kDOC .ll  PpSC l wN@ kr@
DN lz zo ,koCk oCp PC C Vok ok DVCpF @a@A
 lzDF DV ok DN A D DpV k Vok ok ,vC C
C p ok .koCk Co l k C eN DCN  pGo@ @@
DJ oD  O lGN kClGOvC Pv  F PdMo@
.kkp peN yiOvkk
ok r z  ,lDvo MDGRC F Co kD@O@C @FC P@e@ @vC j@oD@N
Mol d  PpJ CpF  lZ p ,P pNoCOvC khl@@
F PpSC yk F yk F ,lkp @@ P@@D@i@@vC
⁽²⁾lkp PDhk D oC ok  lOokDV
,J ok @J Cp@e@C D@v 25 qC x@J  p@W@ 35 D@v p@hCC ok
Pe DDi DF qoDG pok wC  FCP@@d
 D pC D@ 5  D@v 4 qC x@J  l@z p@e@@ P@vp@J
Dwvk DF D  lvo MkDz F UoChPvlF w@C@@@
lGN Ro Ov F Co A  PD OvCPh pF D@@
Dv PwF Pd Dq ok z CpF oDqopNPi@v  k@@
.kF D
 wC  l CoD@  @G@O@W@ @w@d D@C MkD@@z
,pFCpF ok ,C F oDF  lF F  pkClF ,Fp f@W@ksCp@N
l ok qo F qo Co z ,P PF C MoD P@@
vN ok wC weC ClGDFC MkDz  PhDvpNoC@O@vC
Cp Z C F Pd rp qC ok D ok t F NOD
⁽³⁾kp CrwF  CpC  
z  lCp  F o C F Pd ,C p DD@J ok Cn@
kp wC pDF DC ok F v Z vC o@@ Cp@CqC
 kD DF  pz  ,lZ C ph qC Co @vC oD@@ l@A
Pd DoD pRC pF  kF N Dd ok z  lz @z
Pwz DF  lZ p ,OzCk op DD  MCkDv,@@C@@F
.lOzCn ul Co C ok Co kh DDV lz pFo
qo lZ ,qDA ok  lkFo Co Ph ,PF C D F uD@G@ @@F
Pzn pk  lkp D O Co C F  lkCk D yho
 pkClF ok  ,lOp J Co C F @D@@D@ @@z@
lA oD o DF z  Cn .lOzCn r DAqC oD@Fl@@F@F
.kp ClJ pN pNZuDGF
pG PG ok z -E
D J ok J DP  uD@G@@@F p@kCl@@F  kD@w@
o CpF Co q  k Pwv Co D@@vD@G@ P@@@dD@oC
Hn GN kCqA z CpF  kp D z  FCDP@k
.PzCkCp F Co
lq vC Dk pvCpv ok oDwF D@@@z ,oD@@Z p@ ok
 kCk CkC kh ypOw F z ⁽⁴⁾ p 5 Ml oklkp@@
:kCk o pq MDDNC Ml C ok lA oD pv pFr z DPk
CpC ok WJ p phCC ok DDvC  ,@z D@p@e@@ -1
⁽⁵⁾lOwq D OvC Ddok
xJ DN O p  qC r DN ColqD ok @@p@ MCkD@v - 2
⁽⁶⁾ .lkp Pv  pqC
((lFClh le Dv)) oDFok ok ylqp  d  m - 3
⁽⁷⁾.lz d Hn A lzo  XpN  C N TDF
uoD DN DA p  kp Pd rpGN ok ((D@@@ A)) -4
⁽⁸⁾.lz l  Dp
qC    HdD ,(D  @F l@@e@) C l@@@z -5
F ((N)) pV F k ok 786 Dv ok kF z @@FC@
.lvoMkDz
 CrC ok PV lzo e qC p 5 C ok z @ o@ @F
P v Mol  Hn FDN Gn@ kCqA  Mol@ D@e@qC
vo Hn ,z ,vC D qC  b ok pF C ok.lkF
.lC
,kF Hn z   D@vC D@z  @ @k p@ qD@A ok
ok ldC o  z F Co CpC  kp pz FkoC qC Co khD@
.liF Pvo kh Pd p ok Co z HnC koA
pF .koCk kV z  100 qC p@O@@@F D@@V ok @@C @
PvC kp C DGDG   1346 Dv ok  oDAuDvC
.PvC kF p  100 kld DV z P@@V j@oD@NA ok
rC qo lzo kClN C phC Dv 31 C Ml ok  PvC@G@
.PvC OzCk pZ
kClGOvC DF  qoDG qC xJ  pW krDJ p@ @@@@ ok
Pd  VoDh kDOC  vDv p oD@O@vC @@hCk
DF - CpC DV  P pO p uDvC pF oD DNvC
kClGOvC DF DCF qoDG ok Ozn DFC  D oClN
 MDpF  oDRA  lA kVF  z Cp@C ok - oD@@@O@vC
 kp ClJ ypOw vC DV Ep  pz F E@C @C kD@
ok vC DO  qC vC D@zk @@Z ok oD@h@Z
C qpJ ok orF D  oClC D  k PD@dD@@V
  k koC llV p F Co DV ko oDzF DO@@
ok lClz XwF p RC z Hn DF qoDG CpFr DNolpFC
ok  vC DV DN ok Ppv F z MDp DG @ @D@d
.lzDF ypOw F oDV Ep  pz
pG PG p ok z DPk  DP -2
ok CpeC l@A k@V @F qD@A D@@ qC @@@z D@P@@@
C  pGDJ MD qC xJ vC Pk pGo  oCkDqf@v
rp ok DCF Opd DF  k qDA qC kh FC yN A 
oDC C Cok pvCpv ok  l r@Cp@ p@D@v  @vCD@@V
MD  pF Co qoDG ZpJ CoCorF A DCoDF  wC
DN Co DP qC OvJ  O wv   OzCkp@FD@@N@D@ 
DH  qCp qC OzCn DF pDd p DN  pG@P@G@@ Cok
C D  kCk CkC kh Co @F E@@C qoD@G@ @D@@
FC DOk  Ow pR F r D koh Pwz DP
DV NDd   rCp ok r D vC DV oD  z ok
rp ok oC z phC p zC ok  koA k@V @F @vC
oCkohpF Fh vDv  GnMol qC vC CpC ok  @@@N
DO qC oDwF .PvC kFC DDV F Co kh D@J  k@F
r Dh Mol pFCpFok  kF ⁽¹⁰⁾qDWd  ⁽⁹⁾ Cp@ ok @@@z
pv Da  OzCkDJ F Ph rp Ep  pz ok D@ P@k
C F Co PDC PCl oDz oC@  k@@@ D@o Co qoD@G@
,C k C DeN DN  PvC l yk F d pN@@C
iF lk p k@h p@F Co @D@ D@@Nol@ D@@N D@F qoD@G@
Dz kF qDOJ z ,DD pSC ok lCk DC pnJDEDO@VC
 p GV rp@ D@@O@@@ @C @ ,l@@ @@ ok
F kp qC ClV PF C CpJ  kG  A F  PzClG@n@
Di  Cpq .lkp oD DA DF  llqD PvkDOpd C
DkN E DC qC DvDG  DC Pd uD@vCD@F @@@z
Dew p rOv  .Pp Zpv Dw kpv
Dk ok o llOv CV  oDC  F zoDG@@h 
 vC pd qC oClvDJ  kh vC P d oF ul@
.PzCkN
ok  lDG Co wC  P@@F @C Cp@@J @F@@C p@@Z
HD ok CN Co pZ C F kp WOwV MkD@zD@@Cl@@
wd F xokC .kp lD r GN CoA z ok pE@C
ok pz  rlC a  k fO GN DF Co Ep oS
qC GC pW WJ p ok  ,lz k GN D@F @vCD@@V
DvDG  Dd ok ,llz Dw z p k vNl@@ kp@
vC F Mk ok oDz pq pz oq F  kFDv l@@@v
.lkpD o
lqCo EC  vDd co DV pvCpv ok z FC DP
,pWv DN C Dp ok J ok J DOwz p  OzCk 
VNFD XDO F lF F oDZ p DN v p  ok P@w@C@N
pvDNpvok FC DPk wv  p z F  lFD@ P@vk
lDFDOF Op uD Dk pF lC oDF  lDWF @vC D@@V
DDd pOF DD  D@p@@@O@v @D@ Cp@F @@D@
.lzDFpOv
Co wC PF C C DN  vC @@p@ ((@@F A))
Hn z  C kV DF  ,lkCk oCp h Pd D@Fr@@
  oDOo DA D  p@k H@Cn@ Cp@@J oD@F kol@k@F
t C .lkG oCnp DA DC  pN qC  lOzCkCoD@Fkp@F
oCkohpF A qC z DPk DN  kG F A Fpe D@@N
lCkF
z FC DPk p  - pW oDZ p PV  @F
 vC lN UC - ⁽¹¹⁾ko oDz F vC D@V p@vCp@vok
kCqA rV D b  ⁽¹²⁾lz OwCk vC DV pOC
  pN  N DF Cp z DPk NpJ ok l  p
DrC DF DPk C kF DoA  ,FD kFCl@@@Ck
kF lN  pN C D pOorF DPk A D@w@v@C
C DDoA qC lz ok  ,XolN F Dd lz kA kDw ,PvC
.lkp DPk C eC  DGN D,kh
 ,CpGo D OhC WO ok ,FC D@P@k @zD@Jp@ D@F
 FC DDoA qC ok  Mol kDw F CoCroD l@zk@A
Pk v lDz pW O  z p ok vC D@V,@@C
Z DPk pz  vDv Mol@ @r@W@N @vD@G@
D okCpF D
.kF Mol HdDN pv pF DFC DOFDo 
Mo F G@ D@@@@V ok @@C p@W@ 489 D@v ok
ClC ,Ph rp ok  Dd ok lkp qDA @O@D@D@qD@v
Cpz Z ok .kG pGh CC oA V  Con@@z@hr@V
J vC Pd  lz qDA vC DV pF   DFVD@N
.lkp kFD  Pio p DJ
p@D@h @F l@D@@F qCp@p@v D@@a@@ P@w@C@N @vC p@C 
vDv Mol qC ok F  D qDOJ V CllCP@p@d
 lCkp Dh vC pFCpF ok Co lqpJ D lOwCN kF
⁽¹³⁾.lqDv qpJ Co A  lDF vC o F Co DADk
DC qC DF N oCr ((00 D O qC x@J D@h @@ p@C 
 h lWw  lk oOvk kClF qC PqD@F qC @G@kCl@@F
F ⁽¹⁴⁾l DF llWN Co wC D Mpdlp@  f@p@
FC lC l))  kF CloCkqDF D@D@W@z P@p@d p@D@h
qDO Piz k) (( vC lCp VCh))  ((@@@
UDA CoCorF C  lZ p lkpkh A qC Co A oDiOC (@z
.llzClq  Pzq DPN
kF DMCoDwh  ro h qC pV ,p VCh l
qCoDwF DV MDW TDF D MN ok m DF Pw@C@N C 
kz  ro h N qC vC DV D
Oi    ok lqoC EDO60 qC qD@W@O@ ,kp@ or@F A
kFD qC r Co pz lZ Dd @@ ok ,koA ok p@p@e@N @O@zo@F
pDz  vC pFCpF ok Co vC Dzk pNPiv  l@i@FMD@W@
⁽¹⁵⁾.k DC  CN F oGWN
 Co kp k PwCN z D loCkqDF @F@@C P@@@
D DV  k pF ,Co kF lz kFD  @O@w@@z @@ D@Jp@q
k PpJ CpF oCrFC Mo F Co DA lCkp D@dD@@@
.koAok
lvo Mol F l@D@z Cp@C p@z  D@@z .9  8 D@p@ ok
 MCp ok MCp l GV  DvCph ok CoClFpv FCDOk
kF ColqD ok p MCkDv  DoN pFCpF ok pdP
ok,CpC Dh F DA op Md  DDS llz HN F VN DF
P,  k p pz ok VD DJoC DF DDS qoDG@ UC
dDDS F pv PJ qC  lDvo Mol F Co  ,yD@G@r@
co qCkDOvC DF Hn z FkoC lC  jz Clqp  kp
ok  N FC DD qC ppF  PD@z  M@O@
qCDd OvC o F ,kF lCk o CpC @@D@V Cl@V
opF  wN pOv DOd F PGw p k DNp W
ClV co DC pF Co kh z vDv D ,kF lz OzDGC 
olO vDv D HD ok N  lkp DF DkN @l@C
oCpKC wN  PpSC lp GV FD ok P@w@C@N
wd pDF FCo  .lD h Co kh OvC ,PF DF DS
DA  PpMD PC C qC  DDz DF N D@
 N QCp dCpF Co OD DF Pk  vDv Mol  kV
z ECR  wNVDN qC pV  z Cp@C qC oCl@vD@J
pnJDEDOVCNop ,kp@z@ MkD@G@ p@ qC p@Np@F Co @O@w@
⁽¹⁶⁾.lOwCk
wN C  kF Hn pDz Up D DN DF @@ P@k
 Dk  Dew F PGw  lkG oD@ P@e@N D@@@r@@
Do pSC  Dd ok lz DC CoCl yor D@@O@zkoq
 qoD o ⁽¹⁷⁾.lkF DF ,DkC Gw kCqADF Od Fp
F PGw Co vO G PDo , Gw Do kDOC l@zo
qC Co  DDz pOF  k HV  Pk kDOCPvD@v
.kF kp oCkohpF kpPDd
D qC GDV  PDd   rCp ypOw  p @v@N
 PvC @@ Cok MCqD@@O@C @p@N@O@w@V p@F qC D@@@
 p Plh ok oD  P  p qC pp@@FoD@@O@FC
. PvC ok C pk MDh qC vCoD
q kV  Pd oCkC  vDv O@w@@v ok @e@N kD@W@C
p ,D ,vDv oC ok D CpF pOF  DCCp@F
⁽¹⁸⁾.PvC ok C MDh pkqC
 vpN DF qC Do  z P@@  @@O@vC l@Ckp@qD@F
pF z D  lkp HV k PkV qC @D@P@D@@d
⁽¹⁹⁾.loCnF e  DDzkDJ vDv MolPp
PN ok r DA .llA oD o lq  oD@@C ,@@@ qC x@J
C  z F HpN PV ok oDC DzokD ,l@l@@z@@@@N
cp q C ok Co Ct MDp  ,PzCkpF DD@@@w@N
⁽²⁰⁾.k
 Gn DD   1164 D@v ok l@q D@h @p@ qp@@J D@F
PDd Dh p Pd qC Ddo  kD CrC @F o@kp@
DV F Ep D p ,kDOC vDv oDOvC W.lkp
DO F  PzCk l DA  q p oClF ok@vC
ok r hCk kClGOvC  liF pO@F @@  P@p@v@@vC
o  Dkok lz pNu ok VN FD  vCD@o@@
.PzCk MCqoDG lz kp  MlA
ok vC DV pvCpv ok vC DP @@F @ l@@@J D@F
Ppd  F DA  DWCpv ⁽²¹⁾,lA kV F p@@hC p@@
v D  lz lGN pW krv p k ok FC
,Pp oCp qoDG  oClF  U C zJ pq vCDV qC
,@@p@N ,Cp@ ,D@@G@ ,@o@v ,p@@ @Z D@o@@
,rlC ,qDWd ,Cp ,xN ,pCrWC ,D@O@w@D@J,D@O@w@D@@C
DlC qC llV   PppF ok CoCp@C  D@O@vl@@
 ko p lZ DGk F Co vC DOVCPCl DG  @vD@@v
⁽²²⁾.k cp wN  Ov
kF kp @ i@oD@N P@@@h @@vC D@o@@ p@S@C ok
pF phC Dv l ok Co DGV  DOpd pGo PDvo,P@@D@do
 UC h DC vC P@  kD@@ @@k Cp@G@oyk
DDoA   ko oDF N  vC joDN vCDG@@V
.PD oGN P C ok DV pvCpv ok vC DPFC
lD C vDv D P pF DVC op  @p@v @D@@ D@F
 ((o)) h DC  ,CpC vC lz E@C@@C
p pJ joDN  CpC vC oV ul D@ @vD@vC@D@
Co oGN C ,J ok J DN qC Do  Pk N DN ECC
⁽²³⁾.D x kr qC CN FhF
wC C  () pGDJ vDv  p qoDG @3
⁽²⁶⁾   ⁽²⁵⁾  DN  N  ⁽²⁴⁾pN k vC
.PvC
MpdA OvCo DDV  vC pGDJ TkDdC  Ap MDA pvCpv
.PvC DCo  DCo  Pp  
PG  DV  kh  Clh DF DwC fe FCo vC G @k
 DN  lzo N CpF  ,l@@ @@vp@N  @@@G@NCo
DwC F Co vDv  DOVC  OFpN  zqA D pOFDw@C
ok C  DA Co qC Co lzo Dq DN  ,lp@@
Z  DwC kV ok ok Z Co lzo C DN  looDF DwC
C o PV ok Co C MDDC DN  lDvDz C F C kVqC UoDh
.l XwFC
pDv  Mp   :Z DwC ok C@ @@k @@@ @F
oCkohpF PC Vok C qC  t PD ko Pp HwoCr@FC
lq e  DV  kCDh Z pF C@ x@K@v k@F
DOVC ,Op DD uDvC  pF  kF D V@Nko@
.lClz ro J vDv
l pF vDv  p PCl ,CpG@J @ND@h o@@d D@q ok
 P@Cl@  P@D@C ,oC@or@F A P@@do qC x@J  Mp@@dA
ok .kF wC PF C C l pF vDv  pP@@Vp@
k C DN PvC OwDz   D yk pF N CPG@ p@@
PCl pk pGN F D  PVp  PDC PC p@J @vD@vC @o
.lp l pF Co DVvDv  p