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 (X) l Mpd F PGw () C  () pC pGD@@J oDGhC
C PG
l
,Dz h F  DDw F ok Pl  P@G@@ @D@w@
MDCo v F w DmC  PvC pk x@F C@@FD@vCoCk
.PvC kF Pd C DF DzA , G
C  pC pGDJ ,DA   PvC NDCo qC e D@ @FD@@
F Fp Dw  PG  qC pGh wC l C  A 
:l oDF C ok v jz .lCkCkA
 ,wC l Col@J qC l@@vo X@Co  @D@z oD@G@hC ...))
.loCk  PDC pF Pk ,lClz okD ,PG  qC GD@Ml@
PzCk lCh OG pC C HdD  loCk A pF Pk oD@G@hC
ypGh C PG C  kF lCh pk qC pN DAqC  
⁽¹⁾((....PvC D k PG  PvC zo 
pC pGDJ qC lvo oDGhC qC hpF pm F @CkC ok @v@ j@@z
PG  (X) l oDFok wC C  A  @@@ C@@
 lC D)) a FD@@ ok @@@@@@ ,kqCkp@J@C
FC FC qC ((GC EDO))  ,l@ j@@z qC ((@@@@CD@@N
 A   C  pGDJ qC kl@O@ MD@Co ,@D@@@H@@q
ok r Pv C FD ok PvC lz  oDF C ok wC@@C
,MD@Co @C @F @V@N D@F .@oCk @CCp@ MD@Co ko@@C
l Dw  kp DkC CN ,lCO r eDa@
 XCo  p Dw qC v  z FD ok C PG wC
CFDv DF  pk kDA  DF z ,pC qC .PvC kFpnJDoDC
 PG Dw ok z Pm .lz PG p ok koC@D@v 260
 MDh F lz Dw C F Fp D@N @P@kl@@
C  A   C  pGDJ vN   CpA MD@r@V @D@k
C pOF lz zo CpF Pp pF ok .kF lz DFwC
kCV DC DN A   C  pGDJ qC ,MDCo C qChpF @D@w@
C ok wC pw MDCo   opCo ,wC@@@
Cok F kF kr De F ,lA MDClC pkCp@ @F Co ko@
D ,k oCp TeF ko Ow oF ,MDClCPv  PG
 ,z  EDO v F Dp Pw C ok kz pnO@
 z pk klO FD F GC EDO  DqC G@@C ED@O@
DlCh F ,l TkDdC ko ok ,PvC FD o@@@@
.kz N Cp
A   C  pC pGDJ -1
A   C  pC pGDJ :l uD@G@ @F @@dp@C l@G@
kh G C F Cp  k q pF p DO l@Cl@h:k@p@
DC C F Co wC   k pk p xKv,kp oDOhC
pq  h      okCpF Co C  kp pC Cp k oDOhC
k olJ  pOhk pw PvC  PvC  qC  xJ,@k oCp@ k@h
pF DOWd Co DA   ,lClh  lClF ,wd wd @@G@v
 pC F D  kCk oCp DDC wd H qC kCk oCp DlF
  PF C D DA qC   l d CpP  kF lCh
 CC  Dz p qC  F kp pNGz PvC  PC l@@
 lz pD l Cp Npd   OGqClF  PvC DC
Mp DF  kp pD Co C k  kp oDzA C Co @@C p@C
oV   qC pJ A qC xJ Co q  kzlDN yC  Cl@h
⁽²⁾.k lChkCk  l qC  ,lz
wC  DC -2
Mpd A  wC kCV DC qC ((w@d @@@@C l@G@))
:kp  k  wC  DC qC ColJqC
 F Co z D   PvC OG@ D@ qC D@ Cp@F))
lOw kh DJZ DGk F lv  lD (X) D PGok
.lFDCo C 
F G  lzDF k ok PFDR ,D PG@ ok @ x@ p@ l@@Cl@F
ok C xJ ,kkp Mw oDZk DC PG Dq lz pD@h
((PvC  V ok ok   DFPD
:kp xKv
 Pw C kp ok ldC PF l D D D  Do DD@))
⁽³⁾.lz lCh HD ykh  Di Nk o CqC
wC D Mpd -3
lz  Oi p F  OCo  oDC Cl@G@ @Fp@FD@V
Mp@d P@vk ok Cp@A @ P@vC kCk p@G@h C@@@e@ qCP@vC
ok  OzCk GW lhok  k lD wCD
phA  pm DCokD D Cp wC DC kqCkD@vC ,A
⁽⁴⁾.PvC kF A   C  leA D ,D
wC GOW wd DC -4
wC wd DC f qC xJ : k  kD l@@v@FC
Mpd ,DA qC F  llz koC Mpd A p@F kp@ ,@D@@D@F
pF C :kp@ x@J ,l@kCk oCp@ P@@ ko@ f@@ p@D@i@FCo
PvC pOF Cz CpF kp aA ,kp oD Z  lCk,D@z
,  lCk DA ,kp Ep DF PvC lFDN A pF lzoha@A qC
 Dz DC pO DC ,A   C  Clh vo kpG
lCk DA :kp .F :lO ?OF C DCV lv k qC@
 PzCk DJ pF Co oCk  k gCov Co O O wCph 
 CpZ lz wC v H HV p@C @C ,P@@Co@a@F
CoCk lClh kr pC C Dd ok kF i C pF oC FCP@@d
ok A p Pw D qC a  lCk DA ?kF EC P@d
wC D p kz C Dq D CpF OFC p
lClh  l ClOC C F wC p F @w@@ Cco @
GN A CpF kqDv HD Co iz  OzCk @@i@Co @Nk
qC  ,iz C ?lzDG OF C kp pF ldC CpF,D D@
wd okCpF Clqp  PvC wC w@dokCp@F Cl@qp@
Cok ok Co yp lClh .PvC Dq lv lqp PvC wC
DF CV MoF ,kh Mol DF Co C xKv  kp @O@G@@
OwCk  PvC A CpF C .lqDv oDzA ,DvZ qC pO @v
⁽⁵⁾.PvC okD pCp pF lClh kz
wC wd DC -5
 ((wC kD DC)) qC ((UDW@d @F @@dp@C l@G@))
:kp  k  wC wd DC qC ColJ qC MpdA
F v qC Ov  v@ qC @O@@v @ Cl@qp@ qC @@ ok -
 ok DN Co C pC lClh  PvC PF C D D C  PvCCp@@
⁽⁶⁾.lD cCHz
:kp wC  F wd  lz :l Cl kp

w  PG HdD PvC  PvC  kC qC @ P@C @C D@ -
.kz wN PvC lq Dd ok RCp
wC kDWv DC -6
:l ((FD lDh FC))
  :kp p  lz koC wC kDWv DC D@A p@F -
,k pGh k HVC Co DOD lClh  Dw @F P@G@w@Cp@
oCp DC kp pF Co DA  HVC Co DOD lClh  DC:k@p@
k ,wd xKv  wd xKv ,HD FC F  ,Dp@C kCk
C ok lz O D F pC xKv  lOw HD FC F@ l@qp@
llz PDvMpd D
wC D pC qC , DA :kp p :l@@ l@D@h @FC
qC xJ DC PWd lz lCi Dh C PWd qC q  lzPCo
oDzC Mpd xKv pV xKv le lqp :kp ?P@w@@@N
D :PvC kp  k wC pC pGD@@J qC @O@Co@F
kC qC WJ  CpZ loCn D kD Co C lz lO pV lqp
PDC l N PvC pV D@ @ P@zCk l@C@h l@qp@C
 ...kF lCh Clh pF pO ECn pV Clh kr C x@J k@Fl@C@h
Co Clh  PG D F C kpJ kq oD l  w@P@vC
.PzCklCh
pV D :kp  Owp Cllz wC kDW@v D@C x@K@v
...kp Clh  pC ON pF peN Co Dq D  @@@F@Co
C  Clh vo DC qC kqCk  Clh  PG :kpxK@v
 C PG Dq C DD lDhDFC C .PD lCh kClOC A @@
p C qC C lOw C o pO  C PDC F l@O@@ D@
rF Dzkr PG ,   MpS pDiF  CpZ lOwD@q
ok lDW r F Dq C ok Co DA lCl@h  P@vCl@D@@
i eF DA .PvC kCk oCp A   C  pCpGDJ DJ
:kp  lClh k v F Cp Mk  lOw OvCoDz 
⁽⁷⁾.PvDD pNpF qCUp oDOC
wC pDF DC @7
 o MD  C o  PG  l@@ ko@ ok @ @ND@Co
 wC kD  pDF DC k p qC ,o@@ qC x@JQkC@d
.Pw wC C pDv p qC MDCo pDv DF uD@FD@ l@z
F ,Dw C DF pF   PvC A MDCo C qDOC Ph
MDCo C qC CoDJ F VN .lCOhCkpJ r MDh qCF DF
.lzDF lCN Dl C lMDGRC
lz wC pDF DC qC :l vD@ ((p@@ @@Cp@FC))
D  kF lCh PG k pC C HdD CpF DD :k@p@@@
⁽⁸⁾.Pw kp pF ldC PF Dd ok lD
((wC pDGC  F le pV @FC)) qC ((p@@@F @FC))
qC  ,lA DC 9 wC wd qC lF :kp  kp@@@
.PvC DCD DA
Dq :kp  k  wC pDF DC qC ((V pFD@V))
xJ .lz lCh HD DDC Dq A ok @ l@A l@C@h kp@p@F
yCkDJ pO DD .lzDF D pC pF PFDR  Dw@ D@d @FD@z@h
, Cr  DlF :lDp DA F EDh lClh  PvCA DC
Dz pF xJ lk lN Cp PG  lkoA DC  pvF PG@w@
. Cr  DlF lDz . v qC yCkDJ pOF FkDF MoDF
pF CoDF  Pdo Dz v F  D   p@n@J@D@@z qC
ECn  F k DlF qC  PvDz F  qD D@l@@F
⁽⁹⁾...
wC kD DC @8
DC MDCo wC p@D@F D@C qC l@@vo MD@Co D@F uD@@ ok
MDh F MDCo C ok .PvC pOF oDF C ok wCkD
MDCo C qC CoD@J @F .P@vC l@z oD@zC p@O@@@F MD@r@V
:VN
l@@e@ @F p@@@V D@C)) qC ((Cp@@ @F C@@))
V F  w A p :kp  kp  ((wCkD@@C
PvC w lD lD oDC Co l  l oCpC wC@C
Co A   C  le  lD oCpC DGC  F P@G@w@@
Cl l ,C vo FD  lz Cv Mp@d qC .l@@oD@@C
DC) O kC qC lqp W@@J :k@p@ ?P@v@N Cl@qp@qC
rDV Dz pF  lz lCh HD Dz qC C iz .(wC@@@D@
⁽¹⁰⁾.loA DFq pF Co C DPw
PGDq ok l oDC F PGw Co z ,Mpd ,MDCo F ok
ypnJ CpF Co D@@z D@mC @@@v @l@F  kCk@ oCl@@
:kqDv pNkDA PGDw
pC :kp  k  wC@@@ kD@ D@C qC p@@@F @FC
⁽¹¹⁾.lD oDC Co C CkDG k PGDOGdD
:kp wC kD DC  lz :l oCoq F l@@G@
 kz pDd Xd v ok C xJ l  Co D@D@Ckp@
⁽¹²⁾.lF Co C DA  lFCo kp
 p PG k kV F oDzC oCorF A ,MD@Co qC @@@F ok
.PvC kpG
ok V qC D FD ok Oi p F @@@ @C @F @ND@Co
MDCo C  qC xJ D  PvC lz  D qC GCED@O@
:PvCkp
lee SkDdC loCk PG  k pF Pk @ T@kD@dC @C))
 k  PhDv oDzA Co wC@@@ @C @ l@ l@Cl@h
h  wC DC F Cpv C PG ok l@z @CP@G@@
okD DA p  MCv jvDJ  Dz DA P@vk @F @ P@zCkk@V
lkG D ok Dv  Cpv  PvC OG k PG@@ l@z@
⁽¹³⁾((...PvC kp kCoC CpA lClh  OepDiF
wC D DC @9
qC C  pV F  qC kh lv DF @@@ E@@@ @F l@@e@
WJ  D :kp  kp  wC D DCyokCpF
DOk HC lz HD (wC D DC) OClqp@ qC
PDC F lO  eF PvC OG Co pC C HdDDD lzDF
HDV qC Pw@@D@e@O@C @C  l@kp@@ qD@F l@@@@C qC C
⁽¹⁴⁾...lClh
wC pV F v weCFC qC :l o p@@S@ @F kCk
kr qC) lz lq C kp ,kp Cv (l) pC C HdDoDFok
⁽¹⁵⁾.PvC yolJ lqp DN  C qC HD  Hp DN (kp
wC Do DC @10
lz Crh  F Gk qC l p fD F @w@Cl@G@
DC Co l C wC Do DC  CpF :P@@@@
:PvC Z A ClOFC k

N  Ph MDA uoCl

MDpC r d r 

: PF k C F lvo DN

UoDh De DC Uph

MDpGC  C vC  

DF  d  D r

MDC  DC  rW 

:kp  OzCkpF pv xKv .Pwp Mlz F Mpd D@ @C ok
k oDV N DFq pF Co PF k C  kF ulC co C CrhC
oDzC Vph  C F P@@F k @C ok @) D@C @C @Ck@D@A
,  C ,ph :O ?l Uph Dq Z  Pw(kp
DJ kDw qC Co q  l Uph Dz qC DC Clz@C C
le  qC lF DC ,Gk C :kp .kqDv l qC pJCpA  kp@
lF  wd ylqp  qC lF   ylqp le qC lF lqp
ko OG Dq ok  PvC pO D PWd ylqp@@w@d qC
Dk qC lD DF pC .PvC PDC ko yo Dok  oDO@C
Uph C C DN l  Co qo C lClh DD,qo  p@
C DC  PvC lz oV qC pJ A qC xJ l l qC pJCo q  l
qC yolJ qC olJ DD PvC P qC oDGhC C lD @D@q @Z
C :lz O A   C  pC pGDJ F  lkp ColJ
S A S :kp ?l D N om qC D DqZ Clh @vo
:kp A oDFok lClh PvC PD
ND  oC  MCwC  PR  C DO D@@W@  @ ((
⁽¹⁶⁾)).OFC
wC kCV DC @11
 F le DA pF :l@ @@w@d @@@@Cl@G@ Mp@@d
Cv D oDFok C qC  OzCk l  lz koC wCkC@W@C
:kp  k iv F ClOFC Mpd A xJ .C p D PvCDA  
F PvC HVC  PvC l D D qC D DD@@ @vD@@C@FCC
ODC yo D F  lF Co yoDOC kp OGD@
C  le  A F w  PvC  Clqp qC vC  l@
qC pC kCk oCp PDC F i Co D  kp QGCo A  @@
DN l  Co A lClh lzDF lD DF qo rV D@@k p@@
lD l  w qC pJ Co q  l Uph qoA ok l @@@C
Hz  ok Co C pC lClh  lzDF lz pJ oV  qC  D@
Hz  ok Co wC v  pC  DlDp cC
D F  Po C CpF NA koA CpF  Dq kp@c@C
oDOC D z DC pNpF :kp xKv .kF G  voPqDF
⁽¹⁷⁾.PvC Up
wC pw DC  kD DC @12
z qDv kDA Dw .lz zo G Pw ok  @@@D@@
Dw G CpF q Pm ClJ  PG p@@ @F koCp@F
pC ,C DF Ow DGNoC qC Ppe   DC qC ok PG
 lz pz v oF A   C  pC pGDJ p qC kF
.PD CkC pOw oF z DDC qC  pp ok
koC wC pw D@C  kD@ D@C p@@ @F @O@ D@C
CpF pOv MDClC ,A ok  lD go llV CpFz
o .kp DWC PG p F z ko qDv q l@N
ok CN Co wC pw  kD DC k MDClC,O@o @
DOvCo ok oCorF k A ClC C :kp h G CqC oC
kF oDF C ok wC C  A   C  pGDJkp@@@
DF  C PG  (X) l F PGw @@@J oD@G@hC @@@
C DF FCo ok Dz Pwq  aA  o PG MD@h
.lzDF OzCkVN ClF Dw
Pp Mo DC k C dD qC  pk ClC ,lF C pF @
D  Ow DGNoC N kF pGV D  lN D@@@F
,p A ok  kz p koC kF DF z  CpZ .kF D@@zD@F
q Cn  PzCl kV vC  GND Co qC rV DC DF DGNoCD@@C
 C F Co z  wC p@w@  kD@ D@Ck k@F
.lkMkD
lN ok wC pw  kD DC k @ Cl@C @@@v
DC DGNoC ok vDvC o C F ,PD kD PN ,PGq
.kF DC PG  od p ok DzDF
F m  PvC pOF fN lqD D v MD C qC  p@
:qCkpJDA
C PG  (X) l Dw GN
(X) l PG  Pl Dw C ,Pzn  @@@D@@
GN wC l C  A   C  pC pGDJ@v@N
A kr pF DNl wC pw  kD DC k Cn kF lz
peN DCk ok lO p qC Co z  lkp lDN k@D@q
DC kl@O@ MD@Co ok .l@kp@@ @@ kCl@NoC  0P@@
PvC lqp lqp l  koCk O C F fpN wCkD
:PvC kr C PG
wC kDCle F  DC qC :l @k @FC @F p@@
C qC xJ  wd lqp  qC xJ DC DD :kp @l@@@z
PhDv lCh l  w qC pJ Co @@q @ P@vC D@yl@qp@
⁽¹⁸⁾.lzDF lz pJ oV  qC  D