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ldC V
kpPCo wC  kD Mpd qC wd lv F CpFC F 
DF lkPVCp  v F olF V qC p oD Z  P@vC
lkF lzpvC p kDO  O p kDO DC pFDC qC  D@d A
l p Co kh Dq loCn !p p C :P DvFC
 MCl pD rd  lC NA lk EA  Cpq kh DO@@ p@F
lCh PNDz D pFC EDeC  le  lD p Co le lw@d
Co kh DOND  lkp p  lkp@ @@@Z D@@C ,kp@
 ND Pho Co khDq A qC lF  lz C ldC V DN lO@zCl@
DF  lkp ldC V kCoC ,lzpk Dv Z xJ .lkCk p  d
evC  lkp PV DC p D G qC kh Clv 
llA pF kDJ oCr k  oCv oCrv DF  qC  lkp N oDwF
Co DC  loDF kp kD F Co olF PG lkoA kh DF Co Dq 
kpF kh DF Co GO pOhk l ,kh q DvFC l peN DO pF
.lA pF DC DF r RoDd pOhk p 
DNd  kCk pGh Co DC  kp V Co kh EDeC Mpd xJ
HpN loCk l kCoC  lCkp PV p  kCk pG@h Cp@
:lO FDeqC ODV  FC F ClG xJ ,kDV pF Co DC k
V DC DF lDZ ok DN p pF l qC !C vo D@
Co DZ Dk Cr  D  Dq   Ckp  @
k pF  DNC  lqClF v DDF qC DC p@F  l@p@@@F
p D pF  llDl pv pF p rp  OvolF D@@C
CpF l qC rp  kFkh Dh  D ok D  O ok lFD
.lz HD pF zk p Op pF V
kp N Cp Co HDV qC Co kh p@@ @@ Mp@@d x@J
xJ,lkp C Co PFDO Uorh qC ODV C   FC F ClG@
F ClGxJ ,lkF p lO DC  kpz Co kh EDeC Mpd
 Cpqkp N ok ok pF CqClCpN qC p D@W@@J D@F Co p@@G@V
F ClGMpd xJ ,lAok ok C qC DC   lvp@N@
:kp P Co FDeC  pGV
Ckp  hCk DN ClCrp Co CpD  Co D l@@@G@F p@C
D  Co DA lGF pC  ,l@ P@p@d k@h D@V qC CoD@@C
.lCq kh DV qC lkp l hCk Co D  A DN llCrpCo
 kp op oCv Pwk DF Co l F lDh  D@@@v@FC x@J
DDw DF D  lGF Z :P DC F  l@@zD@F @@@ok
xJ ,lAok DDw H qC  lz hCk ok @C qC,@@O@i@@A
GN Mpd  ll  DD@w@ p@FCp@F ok D@p@@@Z
 kCk wC  CpC Pvk F Co  k@ k@hED@e@C
fG DF Dp  lkoA Dp pF d k  F @oD@@C
 llz DC CC VO Mpd ED@e@C  l@@O@i@p@@V
qC  lA lDh Z  ,lOzCkpF V qC Pvk  llkp@@@
lkp CoDFpN Co DC FDeC  pGV F ClG@ k@z @hCkok
MpdEDeC  llk pGV FC EDeC Z  ,lOpF D@C
DA ?CkDOwCDV C CpZ D :lO ClG F l MoD@ @F
Clh qC :P ClG,lD Ch pF F D  lkpF Co DP@@@@
, Ppd kh DVqC  PvC kp yoDv Co D Mpd lvpOF
 lOip    liGkv kp Pe Co DC lZ p
.lOo
uDG FC @ P@vC kp@ P@Co @D@ p@ @F l@@@ j@@z
 PvC PG oDZ Co wC  HD FC F @@:P@@@
 W  Ep qC kF w C C  A C :kG Co C qCp l@dC
A k,kp qD C DF  koA DC A   C  vo MpdF
  ldCqo ok  A v ,V p ok kF Mpd A oCl 
.kp pG hCkCo pGJ C  A oDZ ,lD l PFDR C lOip
:P  PvC kp PCo kw FC qC DDi p F qDF 
vo Mpd ,zk pFCpF ok l  ldC V ok @Z
oDC qC kp PzCkqDF ldC ok pF Co oDC qC p DWJ A   C
:kp DG  kp pC DC pF Co
GvApC  l Ppd kh DV qC Dz z O D  pC
FC F ePvk ok Dp   ,lvo DV C qC lvo D F
 ,lO pY Co C  kF o PDWz F  kF e@@
kh  kCk wC CpC Pvk F Co CpVD  Mp@d
.kDOwC oDC  pq F
,lvop F  Owv p :P kh CoCl F DvFC xJ
pC ,llz pPwz TDF Dz olF qo ok  ,PvC DC oCl qC
 lz H oke xJ .lk D F loCk D Co  l@C@N@@
Dd F Co DDzqpC  C  ? Z D F N :P
e  :P  lG qoDG PhDN J  ,PhClC Ch p
wC  CpC MpdxJ .D V Y e FC @F
k xJ ,HClG F HD FCF   :P  PhDN @@J
pF OFp wC  CpC lz ko DC D@ ok P@Fp@
rp  kq Cp  kDOC opF Dlk  kq yp@v @@J
DC qC pk  kDOC Ovk qC  lkF l Cl@ D@@Z
kF o PDWz  M ok  DC EC  A DN P@zCkp@F
 kq OvCo Pvk pF OFp wC  pCMpd  Pp Co 
Mpd ,Pp LZ Pvk F Co   A,P@hCl@C Co @O@vk
kh v F Co  lpF DPvk F xJ ,PhClCr Co KZ Pvk
Dp  kDOC q pF  kq ypv pF OFp MpdxJ ,lDGwZ
Co V  lkDOC P ok DD@@@w@  l@koA P@@r@@F o
DV qC P  F lkF ok ok  DA pSC xJ ,lkpyCp
rd F p F ClG kh oCkpv Pe  lkp@ P@p@dk@h
lAok ok qC kpz P Co Pp l F lDh  l@l@@@@Co
qC A  C  vo Mpd l F  P Co DC kppv
F lkCo  PDV Mpd ok pF Z  ,lA ok p@@@ H@@
C  lv ,PvC C lCh Dz  A :P kh EDe@C
Ep F lkpd Mpd A pFoDF  F  xJ ,l @ Co
ok pF lkp NDMpd EDeC  ,v  pN  r  pz
p F  lOip DF llz O DC qC p kDO DN Mpd A
 lD w d F v DVkFC  wC  CpC qC
.lkpCpGJ lv qC Dp k DC
:kp wC  kD Mpd :vpG jz PCo F
khDV F qDF  P DC qC  koA Dp pF d r@d
Clz lvDOwJ DF pF  PhClC Cr d xJ ,P p@F
lz Co MpdA  lkoA W CpD  l@kp@ H@vC qC  l@A
C Dk ok Co A DNd  kpF l CpF Co ypV d  l@kp@
DvFC  F xd .PhClC  lDh PwCO  kp P@@v
 PvC kDOwC rd pv DFpF  PvC oCv GvC pF lk Co @@@
 lq wC  rd oDGDk F  koCk P@vk ok Cr@@
:l
kp C D F p C l p :P xd !D C a@F
!lZ kh O  pwJ DF PvC p orF l k Co
DC ,qC kF zr  PvCo :P  lz   A
.
D ok ldC V  PvC A Dho@  Cp@w@@ D@@ o@@@
.lz C MpW v DvCz
r,z DRle pSC  EzA pz FC  vpG j@z P@Co @F
V qook Mpd  ,lz D kqCk GzoDZ ok ldC F p@
C DO krDJGz qo ok  kp VC r ldC ok koDZ
ldC F p CzWJ GWJ qo ok :lCO @@@F  ,l@z
.lz C O Gz qo ok V  llvo
kDq F  ,lkF p oCr v o@@ @C@ oD@@ p@@@ 
oCr k lCO F  ,lCO p oCr k F  ,lCOr
kF DC D ok yJoq p lO  lkF oCv HvC D@Cp@@
poCr OCo F EDV A EDeC ,lkF koA Cp pOz oCr v
.p lO OCo F  ,lkF
p  PvC  wC  kD@ p@@@V D@C Mp@@d qC 
.lkF p lz EDVA
qC D lv DF FC F ClG@ :@@Cp@FC @F @@ P@Co @F 
.PpF l v F  lz ClV Mpdp
OpF qC lF lO D lz @ P@w@@ ok :l@@ @@
.lz EoDO MDCo xJ ,lzDF DDA
ldCClz  C pF l Pk Dh  D pGO TkDdC pS@C
p  kDO Clz W lCO F  ,lkF p@ kD@O@@
pzC  .PvCfC C   ,lkF oDC qC p   kDO  ,l@k@F
.lkFp P  PwF Dp O  PvC A
lh V
lCkpPCo DC p  vpG jz  l jz  CpFC F 
kF A GGv kF MpW WJ Dv Do D ok ECrdC r@ @
pF l qC Cop F A   C  vo Mpd Z @
qC V xJ - oDClqp qC k qC lkF p DC  @kp
F  Po  F HhCF d DC xo  lOo pGh @F D@@C
 P Co Dz  D qC oDwFle :P p Dvo  Dv@FC
kp pF kh DDh qC Co D  PvClz e Dz  D DF NCl
oDk qC r Co D F D D pwJ  kp pNCo D oCr  CC 
 Co kh Clv   q ok lkpF xJ ,kp⁽¹¹¹⁾ V kh
ok   qC  C pv pF pF DN l V Ep DG qCCo DC p@
 lV Ckp   - p F  - lOw p lO@l@
 Co Co DC   Pw DJ  l le  DCD@
HDVqC Dz  l oD Co D Mpd A k pF  lF Co DJ
Co FDeC le  l DJ HDV qC DC  lDF l D@F
ok  kF Co k l DN p F  qC  ,oCkp@F D@@ qC
FC OvJ.HClG pF F PvC w  lkF@ @@@
qC llz Vx oCr k DN lkp Ep DG ok DC DF HhC
F DF uCkpF uDG   DF xFDd F pC  D@@  @p@
.v
F lOo lA pF Ck  lkp DNC Ck@@ D@F @p@ x@J
lkp Mk Mpd Epd v F Co DC  D@ @@@G@kr@
:lO
pFp xJ .lkp PFDVC r DC  lClz O D DF @p@
F DF llA pF D  ,kF Dv@FC D@zlD@  l@l@A
kh DGNCDF GV F pw  p F DF  F QoDd  oCr @d
xJ ,lvC FqC kh Dd v F lOz DD  WzC @@G@ qC
 lOz v Fv F p  llA lvC F qC DGNC DF e
.llA DGNC DF v oCFC
khEDeC lvo A   C  vo Mpd F pGh C @Z
Dv,lkF p lO DC  kp Mo DC DF  l@@G@@ Co
pFCpF okqoDG  D ok  PDV !C @vo D@ :kp@ p@
:kp Mpd .kDOwC lCN pS PDV
? Z xJ
DlzDF FDWd  kh ok pF  lh :kp p D@v
HDV qC V  lD D pv pF HDV p qC DC @ D@@C  @N
Z lzD VO Cp p  O W kF ok D  ,lzD@F
.kz C   qC V  kp
:P lz qD A   C  vo Mpd pF p@G@V x@J
 kpMpd .kp lDF  A F  PvC EC D@@v Co
F Co D vD D PwF p  fCo DN ldC dD qC lkJ Co q
 DF  kppC  lD pd  kCk oDC  CpVD qC OD@@V
  CpVDd ok kp ClOFC kh Mpd  lkoA D@@@
 Co Dh wC CpC Mpd  l kh  PzCkpF
:kp lz lD  kp p  A DN kp
.CoCpVD  oDC qpDF !ClClh ,MphA  p Pw @@@
oDwFDOC lkp l VO kh Mpd  llk kp Z
.lkp  Co Dh  l ok lkp
lzoD lh l qC Mpd  PvC kp PCo CpFC F @
p pF  kpop ok P lh CpF  ,p lA qC J qo v
 kp op pDF oDC qC kp   CpVD qC kp  ok
F d DF   v D  p DG xJ .l@D@@ P@vCp@d
ok lkF x oCr k kh ⁽¹¹²⁾Dd DF p  llA HhC
qC DC FCN  D llA kp ((D))  ((pV)) @F D@
A   C  vo Mpd ,llA kp ldC HDV ok lW C
.llA pF lqC FDe qC p oCr v DF
qC  llz DO Cl V@O@ @p@ D@@@zC qC @p@ x@J
FC F pG  V FC F p  klG F p D@C@@@V
V evC xJ ,lkF p uCkp  ED@i@C @F oCp@ H@
F qD pF lz oCv Fp@ D@G@vC p@F  l@kp@ P@vCo k@hp@F
D :lO  kp DO pF peN Co DC  lO@zn@@D@@
oD F Z  ,Pw kp  kz  qpC  l@@zoCqoD@
:lO llvolh
DF PvC voD A pFlN C ,lOwCk Ep  PvC p @C
qC Cokh DGvC  lOD lh qC N D DN llkp x@J .P@vC
kF oEp D PDWz F  klG F p  llDV lh
lO ((uoD)) Co C  lOwCk pFCpF oCv oCr DF Co C 
CD Dz Co ok l(()) Co A   ok  Cpq -
llvo  A F Z kF DCD ok p  lOo oDWN qC
C lOp D pF Co pv Ckqk qC poCr F Hp @ A ok 
Co CaF pOz  l pz  pp F lOip  D@
Co   koA DC F o  Pp Pvkpv pF pKv  @F  k@Fo
uoD)) Co C HGv C F  ,lCon PvF Co D  lCr@p@
rVo  kp V Epd Cl ok C xJ- l@@O@@@ ((@@@
.lGqoDG  lCh
VO PpwF Ds p@@z l@@D@ H@D@@C Cl@vC Mp@@d x@J
p C ok kp MCpV  Ow N :P  p .lkpCl
:kp wC  pC Mpd ?DO pF
.C kDCk  Clh vo  pwJ HD FC F  
Mpd kp Cd Mpd pv pF OFp  kp MokDG  A xJ
A pv pF  kp k F Co pKv  A PFp  l pv pF Co pKv
 Co C DJ k p kq C DDJ pF OFp Mpd .Pw Mp@d
 lOwCl kp PvDhpF kp@  kD@O@C @@q p@F C  kp@
,lz O :lO DD xJ ,PvC O Co pk @Cl@
pF wC  CpCMpd  llk lz p pF kp Z
.l ClV Co ypv OpPvk F Co o  Ow C v
ok koAA   C  Clh vo Plh F Co C pv Mpd x@J
  A PFpqC kF oDV Mpd A oDG pv qC h  Dd
:kp Pio h ypz qC
.Oip qC PvC pOF DCV CpF qC p ,HClG lqp @@
Co PF  Gld r
ok F,lz C MpW z Dv ok Gld r  PvC A pzC
.lCO WJ Dv
MpdqC PvC kp PCo fe F wd lv F CpFC F 
 DeO DC))DN d  pwN ok A   C  kD
:kp Mpd ⁽¹¹³⁾ ((DG DeO
kppC DN d  kF A  fO  p ov C r HG@v
kz CpeClWw hCk  ECh ok Co A   C  Clh vo
pGh Co kh EDCMpd xJ ,lzCpOF pv kh  DF  l@ C@ 
Z ,Oo pFF Co DC kp pC  lk EC@h @@@Z @ kCk
 lOwF p FCpdC llvo ((eC m)) F  lO@o p@@F
 PzCkpF pOzz  Pz Mpd  lk DNp@z ⁽¹¹⁴⁾D@@v
kA  PDz Co DAD p   @ kh CpdC kr kp oDzC
lWw qC CpdC  ⁽¹¹⁵⁾.lCl kz  @ kp@ @h @F
DF PzCk l  p llz Co D GN  p F lOwF pWz
lvo p F pGh C Z.V DF F  pF F ,PzCkpF kh
 i lkDOvp Mpd DGOvCF oCv Pwk DF Co l F lDh
 ,kqDOF Mpd p pF lFDF Pp  DVp  lzDF Mpd  ok
Co qC F ok  kp Ppd Mpd p DFD pv pF  A
DF  lz qD VO Mpd  P CmC F  lzp qD@@ P@
OhDN DC pF qD DRC ok oC :P lDh,kp@ qD@@ kp@
Co A  loCk pk qD   lkp khqD@ @@ D@@C
DC pF z qD A hCk Z ,kh Dlk qCloCk pNP@vk
.oAMoD
PCmC ) ))  koA Co h qD  lz qD Mpd pF pGV xJ
A F Co p qD  ⁽¹¹⁶⁾(((...C @@ P@@D@ @@@
Mpdpk qo ok xJ ,lkoA MoD lOwCO Dp  lkpe
ok Mpd PvC pd F O A ok kp VC r Gl@d ok
 lkp DFC DC kp kDV F Mk Co kDF ECpC Co D@RC
Dd  lz pd hCk loCk  C EDeC  le :lO@
V DC DF DC oDkD ok  lOo DC oDk F p@ @ A
l F pv C qC FDeC le rp lO Co DC  lkp@
pF p lA kp Gld okMpd Z xJ ,P lCipF
Co le loCn  r  M Flkp kD lv   qC l@l@A
.l Ppd DCqC Clk DN kz  hCk 
 ClDV CpF qC   kDOvp DA kr F DJ Mpd xJ
CpF Co DAPz  F DF kh Dl  F p  ClA
.pF  oCnF Dz
 lkDOvpkF DCk D kp  Co R kw F p p xJ
kpz  oDwFCo Mpd lz hCk lvo Mpd Plh F Z
 kp  q   pFok lCkq Dh N  !le D :P@@ 
DN  r  M F lkD lv  lClA pF pG  p
DA ,z DC pd hCk N loCn l Ppd DC qC Cl@k
? DOw  Co kh  kh C  Ch
:kp Mpd
 F v  C  ClA ,Cl@D@@ D@@C @@V @F @
.pF  oCnF Dz CpF Co DOz  F Co khCpOz
w  qo qpC S Cll  lv Clh F :P@@ p@
.oCk N  CkCoC Z qC l Co
DC,lDvo DC F Co Mpd DJ  p v F PpF x@J
 kz  hCk le p@C @ l@@@v Cl@h @F 6 l@@O@@
F MCpV oDwF D pF Ep  @z@ @@m D@ ,l@@@@FEp@
,kDOvp Co p F v  dC F d x@J .l@@D@vo@@
:kp kDOC DC pF yp MpdZ
pDv DFCp CpZ ,kp e  PhClC oD qC Co DC V !p pF C
DF lzDFDC DF DzkDJ pC zDF OvCo pC  loCn@ Ep@
PDEp Dp  Ckqk zDF ok pC  pGJ F p@z
l H qC Z p qpC p qC x p ,lF DC qC  p@z
. C PFDVC OGC lzDG A ok Clh H 