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Ap pwN F PF C DDC kDC VN
Ap pwN F kDC VN @ wC@ @ P@@F @C D@D@C
A PvC w aA .lkF pwN HO HdD  p@ l@@O@zCk
 D ,A l   ,A gw  jvD ,Ap Dk F DA PvC
ClDh C orF .lkF D qC pNDCk ,MDA r D@z A D@h
@ lkp fpN Dzkh  oD @ CpC DO
D Od  A FDO  e  Ap Dd F FDe qC @F
.lkF DA MDAr
 DCJ qC kh oCorF ColJ lD r@ p@@w@ @w@d D@C
pwN F  lz  pwN DC qC  Po oDz F CpwC
qCkpKF EDO C F A qC G DC ,PvC lz p pw@D@C
.  Mpd qC Co A lZpwN
pw wd DC qC A lZ pwN
:l PF C C  R kp pV zDFC @1
A C pwN oDFok D@@C qC  k@F p@@w@ @w@d D@C kr@
:kpvpJ
w D  DkDG  DC nC EDOC DRoC R))
((.⁽¹⁾((...C mDF MCpiDF FDv   lO 
p xJ kp D kh lrpF DlF F Co EDO xKv))
F p  lOhDv J o D p  lkp Ovk@h @F
.((...lODOv D v FoDkopJ mC
@ A   C  @ le A oD@Fok @A @C :k@p@ Mp@@d
D D PDC F  lOw Dw ,kh F CpOv PvC l@zqD@
C F  lvDz Co DC  lOw Dw ,Co D@@.l@@O@w@@
@ DDC ,oDkopJ mC F ph Co ok Dl@FD@O@z .l@l@@O@@
.lzDFB wC
P oDFok kh DF  lz zC pJ DZ :l@@@ @zD@@FC
 llC PvC kp N DA F lClh aA  Cl@D@h@C
D CllC  D ,oA :kp  kp  F D@@D@C
DGe qC Co N  vDKv Co Clh x@J .P@vC oD@@w@F l@@e@A
p  @ PD qo ok N .PvC kCk oCp DA F DwO  ClDhC
pF kDF MoDF xJ z lCh D DF @ lCh Cp DC DF Cox
.⁽²⁾piF PGD  Ow PvCo Co pF N
iv D oDFok pw wd DC qC oC fD F l@e@ @2
:lDp  kp vpJ lo ovok DO lClh
((.⁽³⁾((EDOCCl  PGS  D D C e))
koD lCiF aA  l e lCiF  Co a@A l@Cl@h))
.((EDOC C PvCkr
lCkq koCk kV Co aA  PwC rV DA :kp j@vD@J Mp@@d
G DzC F  lCN lClh PvC .koD P@w@@ Co @a@A
.opJk PvC  ClpA p qC G Dh  koCk  DzkVqC
 PWd N  k C :P kq Pz fD F l@@e@
 DpC N  oCk oCp PvCo Co pF @N  @O@w@ Cl@h@
.⁽⁴⁾DODC
A C D oDFok pw wd DC qC oC fD F le@ @3
:kpvpJ
rZ p qC lF  G ((,⁽⁵⁾lF   G @ p@C ))
.((PvCo ClhDp
DpqC xJ  PvClh A qC oOvk ,kCk Dp qC G :kp Mpd
.((PvC A qC Dp qDF l kCoC  aA F kCk
PvC lClh iv  Ap A D pwN C  ll@C k@h D@F
(DlpA pFlN  pA) ((h))  ((pC)) :lD@p@@@
.⁽⁶⁾PvC DDV oDkopJ DN  oDGN lClhqC
qC pFlN  pA (oA) :kp kp wGN  Pwp @ @F D@C
.⁽⁷⁾PvC DDV oDkopJ ,DO lClhA
:l zDFC @4
qC fD F le  kF @ wC @ pw@ @w@d D@C kr@
:kp vpJ pq A D oDFokDC
lzC  ,Oom o@ @ kA @@F @ n@hC CmC ))
((.⁽⁸⁾((Dlz F CD FpF PwC wC
Co DA om kA Clqp PJ qC MoD@kop@J @ D@@@ A ))
Dz oDkopJ  DA  PhDv C kh p@F Co D@@A P@p@p@F
.((k C N Clh F D ,oA:lO  ?Ow
Pp ,oD C DF :kCk jvDJ @ wC@ @ p@@w@ @w@d D@C
F  lkp yCp Co RkDd A kp xKv .lz e oDkopJ@F
 oDlpA x b kG l C pC  .koA lCh kD@ @Fkq
.PhDz Co khk qo
kpOw Ck  ClDh C F C MD qC :l@ @zD@@FC
F Mpd  Oo p lC ok  lz Pz ok @d P@W@d@C
:kp  koA op
pNoAPz oClJ N  PvC A qC pNDF ,H !zDFC C))
lClh OhDzDA OhDz  ClDh oDFok .lzDF N MCoN qC
A p Pw .oClJ Z Clh p D@A p@@@  P@vC
.⁽⁹⁾((koCk DA PhDz  Pp F  l lN Co DDC
:l  le F Dv @5
@@@ qC A ok  @O@z@ C@D@ p@@w@ @w@d D@C @F
:kp vpJ pq A ok ( oDwF  qCp Pvk)((W))
@@@C   @@vo   C k @ Cl@i@O@ @ ))
((.⁽¹⁰⁾((W
Co D  vo ,Clh rV  PvC w@ @@ ,P@@@@d @F
.((lrpF P  OvkF
 DC jvDJ ?lOw A C ok D ll@C k@h D@F x@K@v
:kF Z lvo OvkF
oDFok kh DF .lD pC  kr @ P@vC r@@Z A @W@@))
Dw Z O kh DF  kF ll@C @A @C okD@@@
 loA DC Clh F  lOw DDC DA ClF xJ l@@O@w@
.((DA D
: DOC Mpd pwN MCp qC oCl  F
pw wd DC F Ew pwN
kCkPGw pw wd DC F ((pwC pwN)) D F pwN
p.PvC Op Mo DlkpN  DoClJ yCoDFok  l@z
Co pwN lz A PC p p  OwCk Pvok Co PGw C
C ok zDF OzCk DN ok prD Cn lCk Mp@d qC
.⁽¹¹⁾ yD H
DC
A  llO EDwOC C Pe F z D  DorF qC p
V A qC  lCk @ wC@ @ p@@w@ @w@d D@C qCCo
:kpF D Co pq kCpCCN
.⁽¹²⁾l jz @1
.⁽¹³⁾vpG jz @2
.⁽¹⁴⁾p e @3
.⁽¹⁵⁾DR lz @4
.⁽¹⁶⁾(orF wW) wW N le @5
.⁽¹⁷⁾EzCpz FC @6
.⁽¹⁸⁾orF DA jz @7
H C  loCl A PGw Pe ok lkpN pO DorF @C
.lCk MD  MDw qCCo
Z EDO qDA ok pwN C Dt hpF  lv :pwN l@@v
:PvClA
:oCorF  k qC Dk F pV F le F @@ @F l@@e@
leFC  CmDz F weC F  F ldC F le@w@e@C@FC
weCFC :lO  l PCo ,  F leF p@@@V
Z D F @  C do @ Hh kDFCpOvC pw ,vDF le
:P
F le F  weCFC  kDq F le F v E@@@ @FC
@ Pd PeN  Owq @ lkF pDRC Dz qC @ @oD@@v
CJ ((eC C ClC)) @F H@@@ @@ l@q @F@w@d
pF Co kp  PzCk Dlq PDv  Div F y @ ⁽¹⁹⁾lq
,wd upN qC .kp lq @ lDvo OF DA lF p@RC
pO D olJ @ pw wd DC p F khDkCDh Cp@
DV CpwCoD ok Co DA A qC xJ  kDOCCo @ wCD@@@
Dzpe F Op qDVC qC xJ  ODOzDC oCl@k Cp@F @kCk
:kp lk Co D Mpd .lz p
  llA yh D DOvA F ,D F Dl@@D@@J @F D@G@dp@))
F Co Dz upN  kpnKF Co Dz yN  v lClh ,lOD@@D@@J
DC qC xJ l PD kh Co Dz Dzk  ll@F @@@C
.((lkp qDF DOD  DVF PGw pDh
DzoDO qC OzCl lkpN DC i@v @O@vok ok @@@C D@F
:O  lz kqPz
Z Co D Clz UoDh A qC  p@z @F P@@qD@F ok !D@D@C))
Dd ok ?COip A qC  o DV F Z  ?koOvk
oCp C v DllN  PvD DGk F OvJ DWA D@d@
.((!lzDFD
DA DN loCnC  kr Co kh lqp k @C)) :l@kCk j@vD@J D@C
F Dz  liF D@O@Cp@z Cl@F Cl@h @ q@D@@F @@CkCo
F  lzDF PCF Dd DllN  Dl PDvlF
Co Dzk  kp lCh D Co MkDv lClh  l@zD@F@O@zCl@
.((...l PDz Dd kr Dz qC PhDv lChprD
qC xJ DColJ : lCrC@ x@K@v @w@e@C@FC  E@@@ @FC
OzCn Co D  lkp  kF kp Mp@d @a@Cl@FMo@@
qC Oo DC pe F Da D Pp C ok.l@@O@o D@zk@h
kF kr lDh lD  @ DC oDwF PGe ColJ DFp
:lkp D F DC qo .lzoCkohpF @
kpoCh ,DA Dzk oCh ,DOColJ P pGh  D))
oCrvDKvCpF lvpF Dz F Cl eN  DA DDi@ l@Cl@h
Ch Dz Fle A oDGhC hpF pF O Ap qC pwN lClh
.((lCkp qCppv lk Po Dz F lClh v ClF  PhA
DN F Mo A ok !C vo FD :O  O k@@h D@
.lz lCh C Ap  D
Dz F Ch  Co aA kD DC !rp@ :l@k@p@ D@@C
FD :P  lz Dezh C  PhA kh EDeC qC  FqDF
.OhDF Co Ap oD    !Cvo
C O  oDzpv ph F Pd ok)) :lkCk j@vD@J Mp@@d
Pvk Ap  qC iF pO F  COD Pvk kpO@w@
:lDp DO lClh CkpClJ
C G peGC l Fo MD CkCl p@e@G@C D@ @ @))
((.⁽²⁰⁾((Ckl SF DV   Fo MDlN
F koDF Co oDkopJ MD DN kz Hp @F D@ok p@C :@@F))
lZ p kz DN oDkopJ MD A qC G lvo lC@hD@D@J
.((OvpF A oD F Co pkDok
:lDp qDF 
 l peGC  C p@W@z @ oC @ D@ C @ ))
((.⁽²¹⁾((C MD Ml D peFC GvlF
Dok P  CpF Dok  q o DO@hok @D@@N p@C))
lClh MD  PwCN lCi lz lGN Hp   Fpk
.((loDFCo
A DOz  PvC kpOw  ld lFDN Ap   D@@
oCl  COp Cp aA oDFok N xJ .PvC PDF Vok @CD@N
qCpCpv Co N COhA  oCl A ClF DC !Ckp D@ @ZA
  Pp  Ck  kCk oCp x p qC pNpF Co N lClh kp
.((koClCo N
J A DN lD DC kr Da D :l@ @@  @v@
kF lA D ok .lA D Cpv F CD DF Cp D@@Col@J p@qC
Co kp Hn lq DlF PDv pRC pF  lq F wd:@
Dlq qC klO DD lF lZ .kp pN Co C CC P@
Pvk F llz   qpv pF O Oi D dC
 lkp p q pF Dlq pNpF Co O  l@vo@D@d
MkDwd pRC pF  O CC pN l F DChlF  lkFl
.lCkp lFC qC
Dl PDv  DChlF kCk oOvk DA qC pN qC x@J @w@d
oCp r p .kp S Co p  lpG@F @@@F  y@Co
xJ kDq CC  kp oDOvC  lz DJ kh kp qCDd .llz
qC kF d  DRoC F C CC  O k pFCpF lZOhCkpJ qC
PlF  pnJ Co k :lO Ro .kCk l@ Cl@hCo ok ,D@A
xJ .liGF PvC O   lClh kDF Co kh DC.lz PhCkp@J
 MCkDOC ok kp pO@ @ kp@ on@ Cl@h oD@F@D@d A qC
.k DGn
kh pOC  D lq F wd : kF lA @a@@ @D@ ok
DC qC xJ  kDOvp D ColJ kr kDOC ko kCpC qC l Cp@@Co
kCk   lkp qDF kh pz F PvC OvCh DA qC D@A @FkCk
r D ColJ  l ppF Co DkG  lCkp pF Co DACC P@vC
Ppd Dd Dl DOvC CpF kDOC Co khp@@z @v @F
.lCkp
lADColJ qC CD lF qo k .PvC d Clh l :kp DC xJ
khDl DN F (lq F wd) eC C ClC A pF @G@
 zDFDC PpFpJ pe q DN kCk oOvk D F  PvC kp D@
DpVqC  DC .kp lpF oDO Pvok  oCkp P@vCo A qC
:kp lz pGhDF
Co Dz   D Cl F  PvC l@@vo Cp@ A D@q @@C))
.((qDF AppwN
lwF  Ckp N oCl qo p Cp@F)) :k@p@ x@K@v
.((luDKv Co Clh ,lFpv  MkDv qC  lzDF  qxJ
C D pF A C  Ap P ok SkDdC Pw@i@ D@@C x@K@v
kr kh PDC Ml  D  kp C D pF Co Ap pwN lF kp
D@  C@N @ oCl@@ A qo p@ D@v P@@ @@@D@@C
...OzDOzCk
DC F Ew pwN F MCkDOC
:PvC lz koC pq MCkDOC pwN C F
kDFCpOvC pw vD F le Cpq PvC  pw@@N l@@v :C
.lzDF   lz C Aok
 @ kDFCpOvC pw vD F le)) :l pD@@@C @FC
FDF C .PvC   ECn @ l PCo C qC FDF F pVFC
F W kp k qC Co A kh  l@@@ P@Co p@@w@@N CqC
kp PCo oDw F le F   kDq F le F v:DD
@ kD  DC qC DColJ qC Co pwN ,k A P@vC @l@ P@vC
 PvC W pwN C  No ok lCkp  @w@C@@@
.⁽²²⁾((PvC kp  yolJqC VDGk v
:PvC yli NDV qC pDC FC DO DC
F le F   kDq F le F v)) : l@@@ C @1
 Dd ok ((lCkp PCo kh Col@J qC Co p@@w@@N @CoD@w@
l  kh ColJ qC k C Cpq PvC kCk go DGOzCD@W@@C
@ wC @ pw wd DC qC Co pw@N D@@@@O@w@@@@F
.lCkpPCo
@ wC @ kD @ D@C @F Co p@@w@@N pD@@@C @FC @2
.lzDF pw wd DC F Ew  No ok lkPGw
qC Co A  VDGk v Co DV  OwCk W@ Co p@@w@@N C @3
Cpq PvC GW H C  .lD p ,l PCoyol@J
ok pD FC aA Dd p F .Pw pwN C lv ok vDvD@vC
.lzDF DNC FD O CN
lO qC x b)) :l oDF C ok h C A D kDO@vC
TkDdC  @ pv ul @ l Od @ vD F l@e@ @@R@Nok
ok w a .PvC O iv @ PvC kp  C qCoD@w@F
kp C  PvC A Pvok ...PvC koD DFq F C @@N
@  P@vC l@z P@FD@R C P@D@R @ @ D@e@C @@W@P@vC
.⁽²³⁾((C
kDFCpOvC pw  F .kp CO kDOC C P@Co p@F @Cp@FD@@F
oDw F le F   kDq F le F v qC Co p@@w@@N@C
h C A D kDOvC  oD@@ @ @N k @C  l@@@P@Co
wC @ pw wd DC qC DA MDCo F  lWB l
.⁽²⁴⁾kp lDGDOC @
MDv F Pw OvJ  F  Pvl@ p@@w@@N @C :D@@D@R
PGw A pF PvD k   koCk oD@w@F MD@n@e@
A F x p l h C A  oD  Pw fe@A
 lCOwF DC pF Co A  PzCk lCi lkpN l@@@@F@D@@
.PvCW
Dp pDe kp @@d ok p@@w@ @w@d D@C :D@S@D@R
.kF  DC DF Dz lA  Po  kpF pv F DvDGOC
DC DF OD pO lF Dv P Ml Z N kC x@J
?lCOzCk lA Po
F VN N k C F DC  PvC lA pw@N @l@@ ok :D@@FCo
Ck OhA CpF Co DA DN P@vC@h D@@A Col@J qC  P@zCkCr@v
k C A DF loCnC Mpd kr l DzlFpv ClF lClh@
F DOC VN Z Mpd CpZ xJ ,lOw DeC @@W@p@@
yqA Z CpF Co DA  k oClD D  @@@zD@or@F
.!?lrpF
DC qC pwN C   @@ D@F ,@ koC@ @F @V@N D@F
F DOhDv pF  MW qC F Pw @ wC @ pwwd
l EDO  pSC ok , MCkDOC D@C @F  .ko@oD@@z
PF EDiC   DC DF DF C  PvoDzA DpJ PdD
F  Co pwN C CN Z xJ .koCk MpD PvC C@z
pNF  kCk PGw DC F PvC kpG@ @C@@z  P@@FqC
Ck  DWA DN @ C !?PvC kF kh Dq iz pND@
H C  koCk kV rA pFDN p@w@@N @C qC CoD@J okB
.PvC ok @ wC @ DC PdDv qC MlzF