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F PGw ClF Gz p CpF  MD@Co l@D@z ,p@@ l@F ok
F @ ClF lClh CpF PvC De  Dd ok l kDWC DOlClh
F V kCk PGw ,kDOC C q Cpq kz Dd @ @@@@C
 @ DC  MCoN C qC D oDkopJ PvC ok  r @PvCl@h
koCl ClF Dw F Fo ,MDCo C  FDok DN@l@C D@F
Cl pF  @ Co kqD  PDC ,lClh  lDN F
lCh kF fD  pVFC ,DC lOzClJ  kF DJD@z qC
.k oDzA Dz PClCpF @ kF
lF eN @ MD@Co oD@Fok p@ D@A oC@or@F j@@z
:koCk
ClZ pVFC A pF loCk Pk D d DF MDCo C))
pw wd DC Z pC k@G@ ok P@D@C H@@@  D@@ qC
plN  kF Op N C PDC F qC  Cn  lFpZyC@
 PDC DN P  l M okCpF qC G pVFC kF Z
MDO okCpF k C  lApF Z MDCo qC .kz CpkqD
F  pOorF pVFC A  F .l@k@F CoCk Co P@D@C Cp@z
 MCpd qC  PvC Dz kr PDC Cpz qC  
.⁽³⁶⁾((PvC lz OppF @ wCB
lApF DA qC F loCl ClF @F @Fo ,MD@Co @C D@d p@ @F
pF  @ Co @ wC @ pw  F wd P@D@C l@Cl@h@
Dzlqp F kD DC O DC  .k oDzA @ kF DJD@@@z
DC PDC kp oDzA  pDh F ,uDKv  pzoDC pF G
DN lvo DC F kF pVFC F O A qC xJ PDCA  P@vC
.PvC De oC qC  lzDF kCk go lGN lClh ok kz q
okCpF k
pF pF Dkph qC  @ wC @ kDC  F w@d
hC ,OwDz EkC .kF P  PDC DOvF lG@vp@v D@@@
wd .PhDv rDO Cpk qC Co C oD kpOw O
@ wC @ pw wd DC yokCpF DF pnJD Pwwl@@J
Deo  pGDJ DkCqpOhk DzlV k F Co k C  DWADN P@zCk
 kp lD wd DC  wd DC PF DCV Copv D@@C
OD CCp z oCnD C  llD ((G@v))Co D@@A
A C  lz oCv Gp pF qo :l pV zD@FC,k@F
:lCh Copz
((.⁽³⁷⁾((p D D  Cn D piv nC DeGv))
D A Dd  PhDv D piw Co DGp C  w P@vC r@@))
.((kG DA pF FDOvk CNCo
Co N)) :P  lz lC@h Co @a@A ((@@@G@v)) qC @@
Hp pF  D lCkCk oOvk N F ,lCkCl oO@vk@@@Z
.⁽³⁸⁾(( kD Co MoDkopJ DOlz oCv
orF VD
wC @ pw wd DC lq ok PG p@O@D@@@
N lD qC  vDG MD ((lO@)) .k@F ol@J Cl@@B
 lkF OppF ok Co DC oC CpJ  Dkp  @D@V okD@C
  kF lA N F llz ECpv DC EkC   ZpvqC
 pOorF qC @@ k@F l@Ck @@o @D@V  co D@@Cok
ok pq .⁽³⁹⁾kp w Co DC  lz HNp Co MDDVpNoDGOk
rC kok  Xo lF k .PhDv pOwF Co DC  lzpoD DC @N
F Pk DorF  Dz ,PD Mlz DCoD@@@F  l@z@
pDz pV zDFC Dl MkD qC llA DC MkD
zC kpJ DC Dd lD qC  kF PF CD DFq  DvA
MDFC  Co kh Ohv v   lC Pp Cp Co DZ
:kpoN Z pq
 P oDJ oDJ G ,lz oDN  pN D@@Z p@FCp@F ok D@@V))
 :O PvC oWo  oDF DC lz  D ,l@zoCl@G@N
.((!kDF C ClOw
oF  pN ,DoDOv  P oDF vC PoD@@F D@F !D@D@C))
 kok oDZk Z Ow kok p Dok  @N !D@O@@@z.l@l@z
.((ClzoDF
 Dkp l@@ l@q  D@@k  @k ok D@kok H@@G@ @N))
.⁽⁴⁰⁾((OwDlq
CoC DC oDF .lk D Co zDFC lC  Xo PD  MDFC
.l DC Cl Co kh PvC pD@d @ D@W@A D@N kp@ @@@@
zDFC .lClz pN DoDOv  PvC vC oDF D@CoD@@@F
oDF Z PvC kok p pDok kh  DC lvpJkq P@@@z
.!kz
lz UoDh l  D  Po DC MkD @F r@@ @D@k @FC
:P C F MpdPzCk
SldPCpF Ch DA P HVC D pF N d !DkD@FC C))
((?kp kh A qC DN F
F olZ C vo FD Cp@Z)) :kCk j@vD@J P@p@v @F @D@k @FC
((!lqD DzTkDdC
qC ,v F  yol@J qC kC@V D@C ol@J)) :k@p@ Mp@@d
F le yolJ qC ,le F pV yolJ qC ,pV F vyol@J
yolJ qC , F wd yolJ qC ,weC F  yol@J qC,@@
@ A   C  @ pC pGDJ  kp  CpF ,HDFCF 
C wF :xF :kp ?wF Z :O .xF !D@ :k@p@
,DC  kz pDV Dk ok  PvC A ((DC)) dpCdp@C
oDV DFq pF  PvC rZ A ((@v))  l@@ @l@@NCo A
.((kkp d A DF zDq kz
lv Clh F C vo @FD@ :@O@@ :l@@@ @D@k@FC
?Tld lv D O :PvC pNpF ClCk
 @ pC pGDJ C F PvC Ce @C)) :kCk j@vD@J D@C
Co A D  @ wC @ HD FC F  h DF  @ A  @C
@@@D@V @F @ p@  @p@F@ QoC @F D@@Col@JqC
.⁽⁴¹⁾((koDKvkh
kF lC  DA ,Ck ypOw  p OhDGk  O@@@z D@C
PhDz D  lD qDF kh PD@vo D@W@C qC C@@e@
.PzCk F DOC oD C F kvp  oDF UC ok OdCn
pw wd PDC pF 
 DC C F Co kh oCorF lqp @ w@C@@@ @ kD@ D@C
,w DWC O  PF C Dz Vp  kh qC xJ@@@D@V
D F  lkp p ,Dh DoD pDv  khpF qD@  @@
Ch  DC PDC qC TeF D Co  O.lk@ @FC
.kp
pF ukp v F
Ppv F p  Po eN DC C  kp@ Co k@h p@@RD@N ,p@q
Pvk oClk Dq ,Mpd  D .PDOz@ D@@C @v@F
qC Dov MN F lz VO G p @F l@l@k @kr@Co
MCm kD F DG  Clh  D DC DFq llz Ap@
ok DC Co  p co  kFo ok Co DC ,p  kFTkD@dC
DC  DGC DDV pF ukp F C @@ D@G@@O@vCD@@
.kpqCpJ
ND C qC q  l@Cqp@@ Co oC@k  ok @D@  @W@ Cl@
Dpe olJ ,orF ,opv ,DGD ,C@J ko@h@ D@@Nor@F
UoDh DC Dh qC   p DF r .kF kp Pdo DlOv
:l kDp lz
.⁽⁴²⁾((!  l Gzk qo qC  DWo Z))
DOVC qC  D HD  QkC@d kD@ @F Co D@q ,kD@p@ @C
DA DF PF C  lF F (kF lz N Gzk qo ok )@v
Dp  PhClC ll qo A pRC pF  DOe  llzp@Fo
.kp kpwC Mlz F Co pD  Ow DADCF
  w
DJ pJ , DD G  Dp DZ DF pw w@d D@C
.lCh qD C pF xKv  k  ,kCk w CoolJ
orF v
F kp Oi MDG  DpJ Co CpDv orF @@VD@ @C p@G@h
,lzDF v DC ul lwV N oDiOC ok DN lODOz DCDh
,Cpq ,D  lz N Ok MCoCkC  oDWN D@@@i@F,oCqD@F
Dd ok vDG ClDh kCpC pDv  Pk DJ lF DOiz,MD
Cl qC  kF PDC  MG lDqDF C D D DDFq
lkDOC Co F Mpd DJ lF JDJ lkp  vDNqCp@FC
.lkCk N lz H
pD ioDN dCp qC a@ ok Cp@D@v :l@@@@ D@ho@
,PDC v C wN vCp  kG pCp   NZ
.P PGR pz A joDN ok lDF CRkDdC F
r phA
GDzF MDdq qC plN   pGN D@F P@@@@V UC@ D@ok
r  DC DCoA DN  P kolF Co C ul@ p@@@J,D@C
Cp yCkCDh  kh CpF lp C F Co A  k@FD@zk@h
DC kF lvo Cp Ck Dkok MDe .Po Jk@F @O@hD@v
Co olJ DJ lwV ,lkok G  kA zC D DFpw wd
D Dh ok C Cp r Co DwC DzqoC @@ kD@@ p@G@ ok
N GC lz oD olJ pJ k qC DC@@@ .⁽⁴³⁾P@hD@v
DC PwN F P DF  lkoAW DC p F Dl
kCDh DC pk Cp  DC .lkkol qCpFC  lOhCkp@J
.⁽⁴⁴⁾lkp pN Ckol  PGe C qC lkF kDOwC
 lvo DC Plh Dp DZ DF p DvC F l@@e@
qC Ow ok  lChpF kF kpv  Co Cl l DC DRook
:kF lA ZA
DN (lzDF lz DK@F P@D@@ @@) l@C Ml@z qC @@q))
.((lC pF PzCk k ok Z p  kohPiv
lClh  kp Ep P@ D@@vA ok D@FD@N oD@O@v @@@k))
.((PzCk lCh hok F D CpF Co pkoDOv
F PCl Co CpJ ,kD p@@w@ @w@d D@C @@@v @F))
kp lCh  o C qC xJ  .PD lCh Pvk k@hD@qoA
 lvo lCh p F @D@C  l@D@@z@ Co D@@@@oD@N@
PG k  DC ,kF lCh DlJ DCo yoCOvC@@@
 koDz  Co A x p  PzCk lCh (pG p@)
.((kkp C TldC DokG
D DlC  DA ,D@do Cl@h @D@@kqD@ D@@O@W@d C))
D@ @@V C  P@vC l@z @@V C@@@J @@@kqCkok
⁽⁴⁵⁾.((PvDDqoA
@ pC Vp DN C W @ p DC F p@D@z ,@ MD@@FC ok
yiOvk Co D kh o DF  l@@ oD@zC @D@ f@@@
vDv PCl  lDh Co Ov   o ,l llVeN
.l oCppF q D DN ok Co DOVC
 ⁽⁴⁶⁾PzCk v Dv PwF olJ Pdo D pw w@d D@C
DOvA ok .⁽⁴⁷⁾Pzn DOpFpJ p@ qC D@v 23 @@@F
F Co DDw D PVp  PDq Mpd .l@D@F @C@V
cp Co DvpJ pNk A qC xJ D  D,P@p@ l@@
jvDJ iO D  F Co MCv DC  l@k@F kp@
DC PDC F  lkp CpOC Mpd Ck  @F l@k@F kCk
.lkD kp
khok  kpF QoC F Co kh kClVC  ColJ MCqDOC  D Mp@d
vDe MG ECkA  c ,CN pD  DC .PzCk O@W@
qCoDC ok x b DDq ok  kF OhDv kh t Co PD@C
 MkDGDV qC CoDJ oDOhC F DWC ok .Pp J D@@C
.oA Co DC MCqDOC
MkDG
 kF kh Dq kp pNlFD @ wC @ p@w@ @w@d D@C
,PhCkpJ C MCoOvk DWC  lClh PDC F @@ qC@@F
.kp pv kClDF DN Clh CpF kWv  qD ,Ap MN DFCo DGz
F  Pw ECpe@ ok D@C)) :l@@@ p@D@z l@@e@
Da DC  lz oClF  lFCh   PolWv
.⁽⁴⁸⁾((lkF lWvDd ok
Mpd qD
PhCkpJ qD F  D @ wC @ pw@ @w@d D@C
l oD qD qC  O DN  lz D ok p k@V D@@ND@F
qD .kp kh  Co DC VN pk Dw b@l@k@F
DoD  lz O d F DDV  co DC  PvC UCp
.PhCkpJ D F Ow Dh DF D FDCDF 
Mpd Dk
Co pq Dk kp lF M CpF Co Pvk qD ok DC  D@
:lChB lk D FFo PdDv F Co DC N Mlz B
vl@@F MD@C @ D@ ,MD@@@@C o@ @@ @ D@))
iF D ,MCwC  oC C  h  D ,MCpOCUD@W@@C
Pv ,MDiOwC pDC D D ,MDpGWO@ @ @D@@D@F@
((.⁽⁴⁹⁾((...GvCGNC CFDN n pD D  do z
Dokvl NpJ A C ,lDzJ Co DpN p A C))
pCpF DDvA  q C A C ,l zo Co D@@
C ,PvClCpv ypFCpF ok pGO pOv p A C ,l@@
xJ ,OpCp Co rZ  N Pdo  Ck ,DJ pD F D@A
  dgqk ECn qC Co DA  qpDF Co PCo Dlo  D@GD@N
lh N   EDOz CkCk D@A @F @ Cl@ D@W@C ok
.
pNlF ok Co DA   kFD Co CqDF p pNkq Z p !CoDkop@J
.qDv oDZk DVp pNz FCpv
DCk DA DD F N  PvC oDzA N pF Ph oCpvC !CoDkop@J
qC qDF lkoA o Pv F  lkG @N l@@qD@@ kp@ p@C
.DA DzpD pF  kF qDFDC
DN ok Cp OD  O  lzJ  D ,oDzA  D !D@@C oD@F
.Ck p DWh  MDpd ,MDC,oCkp
Z ok PDlOvpJ  DO@vk @ @@@F@ k@h !CoD@kop@J
 iF ok  ,loCqA Co DA Z PDzk  lCkDOCCo
A rV PvCo lkpN N MD ok   oCk CoD DP@p@
z  lV .l D  lCiF PhC F DN CkCk Dpkh
.MDCCp  kDq O N uDwdC  PvC CrC HVD
DDkp  koh N OvpJ Ck D D@@D@@@J !CoD@kop@J
PD  oDkopJ F pO DDk  PvN @l@@FkD@O@C
oDOvCh  PvC Ppd ok N v F DkV ,lzDFN @@@@
CiF Z p  lz kF OvCh Zp .k F pvFD@@O@vk
,Ow N D lz Cv  lz @O@vC@h ,qoA ,l@@C .P@vC@l@z
 p lZp DV  lD N qC Cp l@@Z p@C@O@vC@h
 oClDJ N Mr  pnJD D N P ,l OwhCo N ,oD@w@D@h
 PvC oDv  oDV Dq  ok N kCoC  P,P@vC @CkD@V
.DNol z ok  lNol ,ppJ lClh N
 iF Dp PoD D@F ,p@@@F k@h D@@J ok Co D@ !CoD@kop@J
D D F Co MCDv Cp Dv  PDwo F D@@O@v@@Jp@@F
.((...
oDkopJ P F PGw   Pp DF @ wC@ @ D@C
,lk PGw FFo PdDv F OwVpF Dt  C NDkoCk
w  ldN DKv Cp J DC oCorF ColJ  DC D@d
C ok DC .lkF DO  DlDok CpF Pvk yh
kh  DvDG Pd ok w D@oC@zk  HD@@@F D@k
.l oDzC DdD
Dq  @ DOoDF Dok qC @D@ @@Np@ D@F Mp@@d x@K@v
ok Co kh  lG Mp  oD @ PvC Pvk ok D@O@w@
.lk oCp DNd DJ
kClDF D
DC  kF A @ wC @ DC MkDG DV qC p@@k @@
:llCh Co pq lqoC Dk kClDFp
xC Dh D ,pq   , pz   D ,pG  pG D))
,pC C  D ,pGWOwC DiC  D ,p@C p@@@C
D ,oC pFl D ,oC o D ,pGC jC dCo D ,p@w@@C p@FD@VD@
@@C @D@V D@ ,ol@@C @D@z D@ ,o@G@@C @ @T@D@F
((.⁽⁵⁰⁾((...opeC
C ,koCl@ p@q  qD@G@C @@A C ,or@F p@ or@F C))
Do C ,VDJ DvCp p DJ C ,DFDN D  lzohl@@@p@A
C ,oC lCkp C ,kph k k qo C ,lFokp@vC @i@F
Dv pkDWC C C ,Dv oCn @ p C ,DkplCrCpF
 EDO loA kp C ,D@v ok qCo D@CkC ,p@ C@ 
C fGwN F DOzDZ  Dk lKv  AC ,oFq  Dp ,p
C ,Hz  qo ok DD loApF C ,oClDJoC C ,l@@@@
,p qC xJ lvJ DCiOvC pAqDFC ,Dkp iF lq
pk A C ,koCk yqD@FoD@ qC oD@ @ @w@ C
 Dq qC pNCp A C ,Pw DWFDVOiv lqD A C ,kpnK
v D ,DvA qCp qC l  Dk F @A C ,P@vC D@@
oCp lCiF Z p ok Co DokA C ,lCkp@@ p@F Co @O@e@
p CnF qC  kDOC oDqC oDF o lDqDF A C ,lk@
Co DDV Dkok oCk lCDF A C ,l oCl Co p F
l llN pC  l Dlk l pC A C ,l@ D@ok
D DCk C ,DlvpJD@@O@vC@h l@oCk C ,l@@i@F@
DGN yCpZ A C,qpJ  C ,GNp or@F C ,D@z@D@h
 OvD p o A C ,kpnK D O @@A C ,k@@
A C ,PvCrZ  qC pNDF C Dp A C ,l@@G@ @z@D@h
D gqk okC h A C ,PvC DD Pzk  Dok ok @Nol@
Dl AC ,PvC pV Odo PF ok @@A C ,P@vC
A C ,PvCpV Odo P@@@F ok @@A C ,P@vC P@vCo
Odo AC ,PvC pNpF NDA A C ,PvC P@vCo @D@l@@
OvChl@oAp@F C ,D@@hkCk uokD@p@ C ,P@vC p@@Cp@
ok @@@h  P@vC @qCp@ p@@@ ok @@A C ,D@l@D@ok
DN Clh C ,lDV DCo oDkopJ C ,@kop@D@@D@V
pOpv C ,DCz pNCz C ,DDF pNDF C,@l@@v@J
C ,DDFp pNDFp C ,DCpd pNoCOvC C,D@vp@FD@w@d
 CN C C ,Mr oDkpJ C ,CpvC l Do C ,DDliF
oD A C ,lD oDz F A C ,lvp C o F A C,Mp
 orF CpF MkDz  Dd ok k MkDz ,kOw@w@
 DJ qo ClF  PvC PDC  pGDp D@ P@vC @z@N
DO Clh N ( k MkDz) .oCk oDOvolC Mpw@d
le  k MkDz ,oCl qDGC  Pw Clh NrV  D
kp HVC C pF Z p @ kDF C pF N MC @ lzDF MpGDJ l@F
N  k MkDz  koA DWF Co kh   kCk DWCkF
 l qDF ,lpp  lppF ,lk ,loCkqDF ,kqo
qC ,lonok ,DFp  liF ,l DGN  oCh ,lPvl@N
F wF  G ,oCk Co     Ov  ,Cka@A
,Ckp qDF  qDA ,Ckq  oD@@@ ,P@v@NP@vk
 le pF xJ ,pnJD p lq N  ,Cp  @@l@q
POdo     PCl Mkh kr qC Cp  PvpF kok leA
DF Cp oDwF Z ,ro p  pF Co kh MDpF  @ p@qCp@v @ p@FCo
pF  CkCk  F oDwF DiF  Ckp uD@ k@h@@@
.Ck zJkpJDlF