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 DCpN  DzoCr W DF  ,p qC l@@F @z P@D@v
 p F :OC F  Oo oV xo kr ,OzCk CpC oD@Fok
qC PvC   Pw D ,CkCk DWC CpC oDFok  DN a@A
CpC ok h oDwF  DF  kzOp u WO DoD C
oD Z :P  lz DG  O C qC pND .@z o @Fo
DWC F Co DD lDF  p F :O .kp kp l@D@F
FPvk OwCN D :P pNoD . N D DNk 
,oCk  NCoe  ioDN k pF  Cpq ,rF oD Z
pGo Co DNk ZlCOF  koCl kV i D p@G@o
.l

135  ,Fq .wspF ,upDv .x ,CpC ok N

 evC  PvC kl ok DpA Pk ,C oCp qC :h D@C
kp eN ,CpC kpF P FD ok  PvC CpC ok  ND@
 NoC CoCk Vok  CpwC pF .l pW D  kpGF Ppv F D PvC
.l pV A qC  PvCD v Dp pDv

235  ,4 U ,o e

F , koA oD  F OzC  O (NoC DlDp) DA F
 14 C DlVV qC ,D MCrWN P@@vD@w@d p@D@h
DA OwCk . ClC DA oCl ko ok ,x Dz@
DWC DA oCl q ok pOF oDCOF  koCk k@V @Co
ok  kF kp DdC Co l lC  ,kh Ddp ok ? D kCk
o FV DDJ F Ddv  kF C A  PzCk kV 1960@k
DDDJ kF koAPvk F DDCN EV ok NoC .lz O
Cn .lkF kDOC Co F o EV ok uDG olF  oDFDZ qC ,ll@V
w ,lz kpF EV F MCrWNC  lz @O@@ p@C
.kp HWN

193  ,rD, CpN ok PoD

,kF lz qDA DDqo ok GD oDOC qC Dw ,Fo O@ @F
pk uDwd MD  14C DlV qC oCk l D C pF G
Co DA kp UoDh l D  lkF kp p DpD . PDe
, koCk N DA F MCrWN C , kF C DAoN .@oCk Cp@C qC
lkpuDwdC .PvC lph Co DA  kCk Co DA J Dzo Cpq
Ddv C  PvC lF .loCk Co DA qC D PDe@ C@N @
DOvk qC  lkCk qDVCCn ,PzCk PC ,DA Dk oC CpF
.kz UoDh

197  ,rD ,CpN ok PoD

MDDpV ok DpA oV xo  DpA Pk :@@@h D@C
D DDDJ od.lkp oDOo CpC P zk Mo F ,phC
.PvC kp p Co o DpA CoDOw od 

241  ,4 U ,o e

NDewN lph  (1950 DN 1971 qC) Dv 20 Dq @D@ @ ok
1978 DN 1971 F  ,lvp ok koD  F ,Dp@A qC Cp@C
qC cv lph Cr ,Dz Pv phA Dz P p ok  
...lz DF ok koD 19 o F  PD CrC pvolA ,D@p@A
ok ozZ qC rp ,DpA qC NDewN  Dlph OG@C
pOC Gz  QCldC CpF ,DDpA F Dz qDVC  lD@
DDqA FD ko CpF - CpCDz D@qp@ ok @@v Cp@O@vC
MDNF  F PGw Co oz PwCN  - oz z
.koCl

98  ,MDC MCoDOC ,lp .Cl ,Dz v

 PC P F  CpN ok DpA D vpJ MpS pD@h @F
DpA D lDp Mk,CpC F MDewN yp DpF Pv
F MpDw Co ok DpA D MDD qC oCl@k Cp@F ,D@JoC ok Co
,Dd  ok ,DJoC ok DpA D lDp@.@O@p@n@J ,Cp@@N
DpA D CoDOw p vpJ DN  MDoClN P@@@w@
,CpC ok DpA D oD   MD@@ D@ @F @ ,Cp@Cok
MDlh G qCpk D ,MD C .PzCk l F ,kF p
Co DDpA i DDzp p kC MDoClN  OzClF
.llz lpF A qC DpA DGNC  PzCk l F ,r

26  ,D .Cv ,CpC ok PoD

D .k MDW kF C C qC Co NoC Ch D :h DC
DF ,lOp Pvok Co D NoC llA DpA DoDOw  C qC
 OzCk pN DpA DGNC F kCk P qC D .kF PDi@ @C
DpA DoDOw C qC Co NoC Ch D...kp pN oDC
NoC DO@@@ kp@ @C .@@l@F MD@W@ - D@p@vD@FD@A -
.lzDF oDF pq lCh .lzCo

271  ,4 U ,o e

  D F qC zD  (Dz) C  kp kpOw D k
CpVC CpF ,Ep FDz rCqo OwFC F ,kG so kD@w@ 
Cl  ,o kp O  qDv ol NDh DDpF
od F pW  kF DDpF  .PvC OzCkkp OiC pF ok
@ NoCok iF @ o pvCpv ok DpA oDOw pS kCl@N
,WCk De t F ,  koA h F DZ Co kp  l@z
F .lOwCk ,Ep D lDN  ((DpA @vp@)) Co D@z
Di pNPivpv C F ,h CPA  kF PV @@@
lDN DVoDh m   o O@vC p@F oC@@@Z ,D@z
eN kD kp qC C ,MDG  CCp VN ko ,kp@
DF Co so Di Dp  PwCN Od  Pp oCp@ ,kp@
.l HV khPv F ,vDv D D h

239  , . ,uD PiN kpJ PJ

,lClF PvCh .kCk oCp DCv CoDF pq Cp ((CpF l@oD@))
C O ?PwZ CpCqC  Oo ko ok NoC DlDp p@@
Co P DA  CkCk oCp TeF ko DA DF N @F Co H@@@
F  Z p l  l p oDCloCl  .lCO@D@ok
DA G ko (lF OzC Z p ,PvC @C D@zo@@@ @)
.lpnJ Co OzC N ,ok lF DA .kFlCh

285  ,orD ,CpN ok PoD

 .lzDF Ow NoC  D NoC  Ch D :h DC
N Ch D ,lGNoC .lFFCo lGNoC DWC lD ,DpA qC pv
?Ch oV C N ,lF MDW Co

271  ,4 U ,o e

z yo qC ,ko C DF kpF Dz pC ,P  Fo F jvDJ ok
F  Ow kp.OwkrF  uDKvD N :O  kp kDO@vC
N ok DC qC pOF  .llC D  Pw oCkD@ yo@@
PDv Nl .PvC koh  Mlz F  lAp F .kp p@
:P PhClC DF Co DDz  Phk  F Co Z lF  lD
C .  Co p PvC pOF .l Pvok Dz  p
.kp Chon  P Co

55  ,orD ,CpN ok PoD

 PSd D .kCk h D . Pdq oCk D :h DC
NoC  Ch D .llpVq ,lOo xGd D jD .oCk pFA
Ow lCh Dz ?lCh Dz !lGNoC DA .lzDF Ow
p lCh ,lzDF Ow lCh Dz !ppvDA ?lzDF
Dp pq lDGNoC .lzDF Ow lDF NoC l P...?lzD@F
.lzDF GVC  DpACoDOw

286  ,4 U ,o e

lph F oCpC Dz Z .k@F oC@zk @@@h 1966 D@v MCp@Cn@
DDpA CpC FDok .PzCk F. G OpJ lV DD@@JC@
pv F -oDFok pq - ClvC ,Dz F DDJC C yp F PGw
p S C DF leO MDC l xd Dz :l  DpA
okC .PzClpF Pvk Dz pv qC P b uDwdC C .l oD@O@o
C zF .kp peN Od  Dz pw uDwdC DpA DF yCFCo
oCh  MoDd uDwdCp  lD C ,WO ok ...kF lz peN
.kp

451  ,oD .xq ,DDz Pwz

oOvk D F Dz .F Dz F lDF  Pw rZ  :P DFp
DF  zDF OzCk DCDz F  lF y Dz pd F  kCk
. oD Dz

86 , orD ,CpN ok PoD

kp DF v DV Do DN  CpC :P @h CP@A
.lVpNpF DFp pF vC ZpJ pq lA

422 , oD .xq ,DDz Pwz

lZ CpC  C qC l vDN oDC DpA Dv CpZ :h DC
qC Co Dp C  PvCC CpF vDN oDC ?l Co @ND@ p@@
.loCk d  lCkCk Pvk

117  ,7 U ,o e

pC )) oDwN , l Pvk l F C p lD@p@
Pvk ok Co PwJ C kF Dv k kld  kF ((Fo @w@d
 okCpF Co kh C .PzCk kV D F kr Ovk FCo .P@zCk
.PwCk

22  ,orD ,CpN ok PoD

C DF DpA )) : PhClC Co kClF  kCk DpA   qDF @@Fo
Pvk .l pO Co hkDv F lCN CpZ , CqDF 
F  kqCkpKF Hn F C  kz koC  pF D@ oD@@ l@D@F @
ok PvC  OzC)) :O.lzDF@O@zCl@ oD@ P@vD@@v
((.lCN qpC DC ,lzDF kp DoD C qC Ozn

94  ,orD ,CpN ok PoD

DqA oDOiF qC PDd ok Co kh CN  pO Dd :O 
kDp DF ,pd C .oCko C CpF  Co D Dcp  kp
PvC O D F Dz !Cps .F :lO  lz lDN Fo  DFp
PDC Dz qC  k Cp y Dz pd F, kDOC Dz F 
Cp  kF CqDN P ,lkpF oD F DA  ((PDC)) P .@@@
.lkp lDN DA  .l Pvok DA  lvpJ Co .kCkDN

136  ,orD ,CpN ok PoD

D  o MCol ok ,DpA CoDO@w@ :@@@@h D@C
.lOzCk Ow DODhk

133  ,12 U ,o e

OzCk lz Oz cp  lDF p C :OhCkpJ k @ @F
qC Co roDpF lDF .lrpFCo k qo D MD cp .l@zD@F
.l ClJ CPA Co V DF FD CpF Co lDF .l qDA J
F Co o ,pN  z lF lCh CPA@ P@vC @@l@F
.oCk oDOhC ok Co D zD@ @ @D@@N D@ .kp@@@F P@vk
.Ckp kDOvC A qC  PvDDDC

60  ,orD ,CpN ok PoD

CkDV N UC ok  NoC pF pA  oDiOC :@@@h D@C
 Pv so oDF UpF  Pwz Co MD lG@N oD@@d ,k@h
qC Co kh  l NA F Co DDz Dv lDJ  oCr k P@d
 DA CoCr DF  DpA CoDOw  CpOvPD@d  l@@
.liFDo ,lkF OhDv MDGR prV ,CpC qC ,DD CpF qoA

167  ,21 U ,o e

 kF kp N Co CpC hCk ok D DlDp l@D@ @
DF ,kF OwCN DWA DN .kF OzCk D Ww Co @NoC D@qD@v
PDd F Co NoC DlDp ,Dz F DA  oCkD Pv F VN
DlDp .kF kp oCkC - oDOiF oJDz -PkD p xo qC
A.l N ,DNk CpF q Ddp  kF kp HpN Co NoC
D  kp PFDR D p  oC DWCpv .kF lz N Ddp
 ok  kp lCh DNCo DA OwW DqD DpA ,@ kCk
(17) .kF lCh DA DGOJ Cpz

306  ,orD ,CpN ok PoD

F rCqo oD  kCk oCl pNoD PlqpJ F  ,o  qo
 koA J Co NoClzDJ  qC  DGC F ph ,DD@
OD CrC qo F qo DA D ok @D@@p@A l@ MD@vD@w@dC
kCpC  lA J OzCk F A qC  DphCpeF ,DWCpv...PvC
CpwC pF ,CpN CpC ok kh D@D@oCp@ ok @C@ p@@
qo ...lOvJ h CPA oClp Dp@ @F  l@o@zk@h
.llzlCpJ  rWN oDZk @NoC D@p@@ ,@o@ @kqD@
Dp ,NoC D zN qC pV CpF ,D Dl@D@p@
,lF qo .lz oCO  oDpFoDOiF .llCh Cp DDkDJ F Co D
D oDOw MD DC  fw Dp lDp r@p@
(18).Pp oCp fw Dp d ko ,lkFA ok  DpA

48  ,Fq .wspF ,upDv .x ,CpCok N

PDV Dv P  v
P pF ,vC DF D vC F Co   PvDpA :@h D@C
.l eN CpC

111  ,1 U, o e

qDv J   D pDv  MoDv  PD D MoCq F  kCp@C
 xC PvDv F OwFC,kCpC C  ok ,C ok ,llvo@
lkF OwFC pOF  lOzCk pOF lzo Dw DG  kF DpA
Dxpv DF FCo  ((t FCo)) OwFCC  pOF Z 
.lzDF NDC

259  ,wd .Pvkp ,J Pv v  o

PCpz ,DpA  Pk  oDOC ok C D :@h D@C
 p O PDF  l kD D Cl Co k@h P@@  k@h
C qC DGOJ pN DF D ,l Owz Co O@@  k@h ,@p@z
.lD ,Co kh Pd PCpz PSd kDC ,S pD

243  ,1 U ,o e

d lA pF kl ok pNoD .kF oCOvC DJ k pF pNoD VoDh PvDv
llz FDw  liGF DVGV ,kF DpA VN ko  Co p@@F
DV Do F evC yp t F  Co CF NDe@@w@N
p F Z ,kp kpwk Co Dz ,PvDv k Cl kl@e@ ,Co @v
V D...PvC Pd VO PvDv k C  lvo
t F  DV ,kp PGe evC yp  pF @d qC p@NoD@
z llC kCpC...PvCCpC C o  l@kp@@ p@@ D@z
fGN UoDh F Co DpA evC yp pNoD V O  lOzCl@
.PzCk oDzC CpCF p F ,kp

459  458  ,oD .xq ,DDz Pwz

ee uDvC  DJ ,CpC ok DpA llV PvDv oDFok Dz Cp
zD ,CpC oDFok D MDp Cok l  DN v qC  PzCl
DC C F   PDd Dz qC  kp EDWC D D .l@@@
ok CpC  F...l qDF  PvDv ok ClqDv DN k
o,JCs  (ND) ONA DJ  Do DqD @D@N
Do O peN ok l pDd Dz 1973 Dv ok .kF DNC FD@
.l Ppz ,Ep  Fp

13  ,Gq .wspF ,upDv ,x , CpC ok N

DZpJ dDG lZ p ok lDF CpC  P :@h D@C
Crr  rr DCVCpF ,lF v ok  l OzCp@Cp@F D@@v
l h  Dh ok Dz pC F  DpA D Pvk @F @ @vC
, O  CpF ,PvC DpF Dk Dp DZ q  ll@z
F Co P ,lA pF Dz OvA qC HDVC pDv  D@p@A P@vk @
. lD pkCr

39  ,2 U ,o e

 9 DN k bJ  9 PDv qC ,oV xo qDVC DF  ,pGC v
MDD C h...kpPGe DOw Dz DF ,fG k kqD
:kF pq cpz F
lF DpA leO MDC C :O Dz F C MDoDN qC xJ 
,DDR .l PDd CpeF ok Dz qC ,D o F  pz  l
,lpF kh lA Pk HpN  z oDFok Dz  @@N p@
kDJ Dz F Co Dh d Co b D ,DS@D@R...P@vCl@@D@N ko@
lClF HvD k@h @ @@@@@N @@ p@  @@@@@
 h ld DN ,lA J CpC ok   :krC...lDN
H  qDOC kCkF kp DOC   p   PvC Dph
 PvCh  qC Dz .koA lCh kV F rA oDWC  ,
.kp oCpN Co A   oCpN Co phC V

116  ,Fq .wspF ,upDv .x ,CpC ok N

 DpA qC ,Ow A F OG D  DOG C :@@@h D@C
C ,DpA oVxo DGOJ qC Dz oCkohpF PvC A EDmC
.kp oCv Co vC P  koA oDF F Co Ddp@@F D@oD@O@@
.l h  DhF Co rpGN ,DpA qC oCkohpF

41 ,2 U ,o e

,OzCk CN ok  lOvC   Mol DF  iFCoA @e@ D@F
Pvk F DpA FPGw Co Dz rrO kDOC  DC kp @@v
 PvC DGOJ Da DpA  lF D@@@@C C @F  koA
C M  Dw D ,DpA lzoCMDD pDv  oV xo
,MoDv FD qC  Co NDC ,l C qC xJ .l@@ ok Co
F ,CpC Oi Dpz QkCd DpV  DDi DODoD@Fok
Dhkp v  O@zCn@ D@z oD@@O@hC ok ,k@F koA P@vk
p pF ,QkCd C ok DVoDh PoD oD@Fok Co C D@qCkp@J
Z DF  C qC CpD kCk y  Dpd F Pk DF Dz .qDv
kq Pz ,oCk CpC hCk D MDrV oDFok k MDC
(2) .lz

111  ,D .Cv ,CpC ok PoD

PVCp CpC F Cpz A ok  kF lCq kh oDOFC  N @C
lDN  Dz F kh DJFC CpF ,Pp C qC @ p@NoD@  l@@
 e PvDv  mDiNC CpF klW N , qC DpA DGO@J
DF  P lCq F a pNoD PlqpJ .kpkDOvC ,D
.lzDF uDN ok (wspF) 

123  ,Fq .wspF,upDv. x. CpC ok N

Co p  ,F OGe OvCh D O  :@h D@C
,lF  Dz qC .l PGe DDpA qC Dz  lkD@O@vp@
 .PvDDpA ok DDzC  D O  .Pw@@ @@D@
 oCnF Co C pW A D .PvDpAqC ,oCk D  DoDOp
ok Dd .lOw Pvk PA  lOw GN  @D@@@C Cp@v @p@F
.DpA qC PwNoDG OGC ,C Pvk pWCpC

67  ,2 U ,o e

eOw CpC pF Co ym leO MDC (50 k) k C DD@J ok
 F kDq qClCDN Co A  DpA m @F D@@@N @ ,D@z  kp@
Cpq .kp DGOvC A qC F ,kF kCk ok N ,PwCk yo@
PwCk r ykh iz  so DeOvCD  Cl Co m C
DA D Dz ,PzCk pF ok r NClN  DlF  l m@ @C D@C,
.koCk D Co Co yCVoDh DDd lDF ld Z DN kF

433  ,oD .xq ,DDz Pwz

 ok DC, lD DV pF Da CpC P P kp  DwC
Pvk qC O  lzOwF VoDh DOpz D@F @D@kCkoCp@
 od ((DDv C))  F .kF P pF CpC PDd kCk
TDF Co rCqo p  DOVC m,CpCok D@p@A @G@D@V
HvAHV  k eN Co DpA F Ow@FC ,m@@ @C...l@z
.lz CpC pnJ

432  ,oD .xq ,DDz Pwz