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oDOJ
p D  Mo F Co Ap qC oD ,Ch iF C ok
oDFok iv ,PvC "Ap DOVCoOvk DdC" DA DV  
PvC NCop  DoOvk lp  PvC Ap oD qC COvk
qC l N DoA  E DV  lAllJ CpFAp @
vopF Co ((1))"ApvDzDV" G iF ,P CN o C
 DoOvk  CpFDF ,Co "Ap qDvDV" iF @C  kp@@
@ lk oCp EDh ko Co DV koCk  V  @NCop@@
"d"  C PeN lCN @ PvC DOVC A F  DV 
D OGC  kqCkpJ Ap d D F iF C xJ .kzC
.koCkCCp  D DOw  PvC DV  v
ok Z  C A  Ck q Co CO pnN ,l C qC x@J
HND pFCpF ok vC  Ap  N D l k qC iF C
 D D pODFq kV lqD pC Z Z  PvC p@@k
pDv D MDdC  MCpGN DF pr@D@ Cn@ ,P@vC D@A
Dz vC   PvC Pvok, eN Co q DzA ,HND
 l ECV Co d Dw p  kz d DiF 
 F Vo ,vC D DV  OhDv CpF  PvCPvok r
CpF PzClJlDG DC ,l PD DwF Z A DO F   vC
DN Cpk  N  d Dw p ok vC  PN
qC Ozn ,oD C CpF F ,PvClwF  qDvoD@ @@ @O@w@Ck
 d v ClF VDOe  ECFC  @@@ @@D@@
DO qC Z  lCO Z @ DN DqpkqC @ DCl@@d
DpGND HD ok ko pO ok ,DA Z  lCkp Dk kh
,koC pOF ok  lCkp p oDC D C   MDd@C 
D  ok Co DDkDJ MCp  kp V NDd@@C
ok  Pw C rV CoDZ ,lCOzCk p OhDvkh MDd@C
 O  SdDG v lF DN zDF D@AD@Fq @@ @J
DFq ok z GN DSeF ok xJ ,kkp pnJDC FDO
N   @ op oD D HND DGdD  DD 
.PvC @
 PvC lz oCllJ CCp DDlk  DGO "d" @@@q ok
lDF oDZD F koCk pC pRDN,d MDdC OhC ok pC @
,lA oD F  C ok  ND dC D F PG@w@ @
DOvC kh  Co ND D  @ Cl@@J @D@ @D@A
  FDok Co Cpk Div D  DN  zo Fh F 
.lF Ovok F Co D MCoDCCpk
p F op ND pm "Ap ok d" TeG qD@A ok  @@C
A OwCk qC  DpN oN kDG C @F @ l@vo@
.kp oCp VN ko lDF Pw rp

DOVC llJ
CN  Ovk k F Co DwC DOVC lq F Fp TdDG
lq ok  Co DllJ PvC SdDG Ovk  :kp w@@N
ko D  eN PV qC  lz C DkA DO@VC
.koCl DeG  wd F oD  lkoCp vopF  D
z  DOVC lq oDFok  PvC S@dD@G@ p@@k @O@vk
p lF D FhoDFok  l okD zqoC DdC ,A D@@
C Ovk TdDG ok pk pGN F .l oCk DO@VC l@l@J
qC iv k Ovk TdDGok  ((DPw  DPw@)) qC @@O@@
p ok C Ovk TdDG pO@@F .ko@ "D@l@D@G@  D@l@D@F"
DA F Ozn ok  PvC ((joDNw))  ((@vD@@z@@D@V))
Ch DClF xJ C qC  @ k Ovk TdD@G@ D@C @C@O@hCkp@J
.kz Uol d CPeN DNl @ PhCkpJ
Dz Od  koCk kpOw  D oDwF D "D@O@VC l@l@J"
loCk PC @ D F @ DV p ok  kz D@l@l@J
kD qC TeF S ,PvC oDGOC  V  @F D@@C@ @Z p@C
,DOVC llJ  oDFok PvC SeFDV ok "Pd" D "@d"
Dd p F Cpq ,PvC V  kCkoCp F D G C C Z p@C
kz HNpO kCkoCp pF   oDRA r  "kp kCkoCp@"@@
pF iv DDO .lz Ewe DOVC DllJ qC @@
A uDvC pF  Pw DkCkoCp @@D@V p@ ok @ P@vC @C p@v
 lkp D HD MDD lO Dw D@kCkoCp@
oD oCkl  DA D lzDF Z lDF  kz O@ @D@
 C DdC Co C  DdC lzDF OzCkCo oDOo  lDF lz
.lD N  oOvk DdC Co k  DdC  ,N

PvDv qC k kGClV  DdC N l
:l wN p v F Co zqoC DdC 
k  C DdC (C
,k p ok  PvC DO Clh F lOw  pCC  C @@@
 qD DC:lD kz OvC@h D@@kA qC D@@A @ p@F @@
.Xd oCrpF

hC DdC (E
Hwd pF @ pF ClV D kA Mp D DwC   DdC @@
DwC D Clh oOvkqC p  DF  l CokC @ DpGN @O@hC
 OvCo wd :lD PvC D oDGOC  yqoC DA Cp@F p@@k
.Cpk F Ov fG

d DdC (U
D vN DDwC k fD DN CpF  D@@dC @@@
DF DV kCpC MDDGNoC F pD  k@z@ @ oCkP@@d@
  lzDF OzCk CpVC D lDF DdC C .lzDF pl@@
Co DdC p v C  PvC kF CpDqpk qC .PvC "Pk"
p ok Dh qd Cl p CpF ,kp @@@N @ qC @D@
k  C DdC p ,Cp C G p@F .P@vC@O@p@@
DD DDq ok k p CpJ  vD  pDz F PvC kle
DOvpJPF k ECkA D Dl Gn vCp S ,loCk i
.llq DV oD  z ok q 
 Fo  b DOVC lq z pk DF vD  pDz C
,k p CpJ oClJF  PvC C DWC   koCl l@@@J
k DdC .lCh kA qC G  D G Dp D p
DwC  PvC pF ClV DA CpVC D @ hC DdC D@F @
  lFD Fo @ lk ok N DClF ClV CoA e@N Cp@F
 DOVC PCl DN CpF Co DA CpVC Pk  @ d DdCDF
Ep DV ok .l HClpz D qC PC   oCppF
,lz o oCpKC vo @k P@@e@@w@ @ A qC x@J r@@
Co ()fw A Dq MDO F DF Z pC CoDGV Dkp@
ok pw Co k Mol lCOF  A CpF lOp@n@J Cp@D@
pv PeN Do lCh z p F  lpF oD@@O@hC
z DN qC k N z  ,l oCkC  p@Fl@N Co @@h
C  pCC vlF DN lkp qDv Co @ PvDv @VqC @ @@k
 A lF l pF @ A D D F @ d d qC Co @C
Cok .lF lCh Z p lzDF DzpV  D Clh D@@dC
HO peN  jw F Od  lkp oCnp z@ b@@ qC Co
C qC DdC F WCok qpC  DWClF DN llqD Pvk r @k
 aF Z PvC lz O  lClz)),ohpF G@
F l PD ppz DF  DF   # CllF Cl@k
 # CkpF C wF r Cppk lq aDK N PvCooDwhp@F @ p@
r Co kh DG kpF Co N DG  l k N DF lCh w p@C
 k kqDv oGW   CpF CpN w D@ p@  # oCn@Cl@F
 l CkC pF Co p D P DlF))  ((2))((pF C Cp@
.((3))((Clh F CoClh D
p  DWClF DN PD pOF Mlz Cp C "xDwo" qC l@F
D ClV oDOvChDN  Dlw  CllC qC @@@
PlV DF r Co hC qC k D DC F ,llz @@d qC @k
Dk oC qC k N .lk pC vCo C ok  lkp kDJ
vC Do ok qpC  @ D@@h P@vD@@v qC  D@@@
Cp D rV rZ @ kz GN DkrFp  DCpFpv@N
.Pw Ep DV ok w  HD
Co N Z DvA A  C k b@ @ @l@@O@@ D@
F @ hC ok @ Dew Gn O ok aA  kp@n@J@@
 H rV rZ kz XpN Dw EDFoC vN  koh @@Z
k ,D Dlk qC .Pw()fwMpd OvCo MD@N j@w@
k  DdC  , DdC  p oD qC PvC C@W@
DGNoC  ykh DF DwC DGNoC ,Clh DF DwC DGNoC p@@@@v p@
 d hC Dz CpFDF ,kp pF ok Co Cpk D@F D@w@C
oDzpv   W : MDCo  p Ap ok .kz
 hC D pk v qC .PvC kVd  @hC D@@dC qC
F kDOC V qC @ k DG pF OG D vC @@d D@@
qC  rV k  ,d  hC iv pk F ,PvCB kD  ld@N
p oD pNvDvC ok @@o @  l@qD@v@ Co @k @
.loCkk

d  D
D koCk d ok CCp kpFoD D D d  @ @C D@F
oD F OiD F  l kDC Co @i@@  @@@
 oOvk d p Dz  koCk kpOw D D@ ,ko@
((4)) d qC Ch ,kkpkz  ClF DV ok lDF
D DV p  vo  ECkA lD  p@@ @@d qC C@h 
pGO DV ok ,Dd C DF koCl  C D  lzDFDD@w@C
.kz C  ko  PvC
D G d F D DCld qC F ,D D  GpF
 PvC d p  Gd DC l F .lOw p
,koCl C  kz oDGOC kA   Mp ,PG uD@vC p@F
oCp D  ok kh DCo  lFDF Co DA DN lzFlDF D F
.lk
Dz   ko oD F Dh D F on sC r @D@
F .kz @ "OGS d"DPwOrJ  F D @  @@d
b F  p d pF D D "d"  C D@@ @C
FD qC DV p  p  G d F,Pw fe V
pF D  @@d @C ok @O@d .l@@A@ oD@@z @F @@d
v qC p S ,koCk kV DOzA  @d
,lvpF kF"D"GNp F ClD  A CpF :l@ @@d
oCkohpF MDGR  Ck qC @ C p ok  Pvk @  kF  lDF
Co A pk D  Dq DN  ,GwMDGR  Ck lZ p @ lzDF
CN lzDG pz Z CoCk ClD pC  @ PvC kp jw
.PzCn A pF DD
CpF  Dh Cqd ok  Ct MCop  lC@ ,uD@vC @Cp@F
kCkoCp S ,lzlD D lkp  kle Nl@
l oD kCkDWC F lO p@k p@FCp@F ok Co @i@z @
Pd k A FDO FCo pF  P@vC @@@h Cl@D@
 CpVC DDA  pOwkCk De CoA a .l@@@
rV pCk CpF  pl  D l  Pk DD@@i@F
F DB on pz Cl HGv F @  lOvp  k@h @FD@N
D C Dt qC Co Ck  P pC DC .l@A@@ oD@@z
DDS  @ lkDOCC pF d v qC oDwF DZ @ Cl
.kF lCh D DCl oFr
  oCnD xW vN  ClD p :lCO  Dw
CoCroD qC F PvkF aA  kp D D kkp HN
D kkp C  N (D  CpVC) p@k @ k qC @@
 DDkCk Co ,h DkCkoCpCpFDF .kz@@ l@@D@
Cpq ,lOw D  b DD@i@F  @Cp@VC D@@D@@A
.Pw oCnD xWDA DloCn

d  hC MDN
p F  l hClN koC ok d  hC  PvC Pvok
DA C F DWC ok  PvCkV k A D vDvC D@ND@@N D@
: oDzC
No ok PvC DwC DOVC oDOo F pD  d D@@dC @1
Ch kz kA oDOhCDoDOo  Dz hC D@@dC @
kA DGNoC hC ,iv pk F .kp oDOo Ch  DOVC oDOo
pF DN d DC ,lk oCp p ko Cp@k yk@h ,Cl@h D@F Co
@ Ad  F @ d xJ .l MoD Cpk DF DwC DGNoC
.koCl Cl DOVC oC CoD ok
DOVC p  ,koCk pF CpVC D @d D@@dC @2
Co DDh  DiO l CrC DA PDo F Co kp Pk S@
D DN  koCl CpVC D Z hC DdC DC ,lk p
.koCk ok CpVC
 DlDF DC lCkDV  PFDR , ,hC Dl@D@G@  D@l@D@F @3
Dpk  MCpNyiOvk @ F   @ d DlDG
.lkp
N pC d lD   ,PvC CrC @d l@C@ @4
pC  ,kz  ClFlDF DOd  PvC CrC N A ,l @@N
 Pw DOvC q Db "d" kh lZp ,l MDGRC d
d ClD pC ,pNkDv pGN F .PvCoACrC N rO@w@
A kp oD F  Co A qC kCpC D Dp D DV  Dep@
lZ p ,kp MDGRC Co d PdCp DF pC  lFD DWC lDF DO@doD@
oDGVC b  lD l DOvC Co d A  PvC oDOi d HdD
 MDGRC rOw d HdD CpF d C MDGRC  DWA qC DC ,koCl@
F r Cpk ,PvC DA pF on d PvC Dw CpF @@N
FD kD  C F Pw ND@N x@J .l@@O@w@ A P@D@o
l  d MDGRC A FD kD D lzDF N N dlD
kkp NN Dd k p ok ,lzDF N N CrO@C
.kz PDo lDF 
DN   Pw FDWC  CrC DN  ,hC p@@@ ok D@C
pNpF  DeVo DA PDo DN  ,FDGeOvC  e@@Vp@N
.Pw op DClF  DC koCk
 kCpC k fD DN ,d DlDG  D@l@D@F l@ @5
 D DvA  PC, ,DOVC PCl oCppF S D@V
pF @ hC C  pCC l DC ,PvC G C qC pk Dl@
Dw D F lvo @ ((5))"hC wok D Dl@k H@w@d
.Pw C Ep rV rZ r A  PvC
oCp VN ko Co  pV  pD  ,C ok @d l@C@ @6
ok A Dd  koCl NDOCClZ D P  pC F  l@k@
CpFDF .PvC iz l  Ck pF lDN pOF hC l@C@
kF d lC DF C ,pD Mo ok Dh   @@
OzCk hC yqoC CpF DC PzCk lCh d PG@S@ yqoC
PD hC DoD DF A p@D@  o@ P@@C@ ,@@
iz ((6))rC P koCk D pRDN DWC ok aA .l@@@@
qd ok   PvC oD ,PDC CkC ,DS C@ @F ,P@vC @D@
F Co PDC  w ,lW hCqd ok   koCk DV d
d PGS yqoC CoCk yoD Dd p F lCkp pF G@dD@
p D Pk p qC upN D oDDo D lzDF VClh C PCh @ PvC
lzDF OzCk hC PGS yqoC   A CpF DC @ pk pC
.lzDF Op Mo Clh F EpN  x DOvC P F  lDF
oCp VN ko D l D  d ok  lD@ @O@@D@
D S koCkpRDN A    ok D MCqDW C ok  kp@
Mo Dh D l Gz ,l o qC pW   l @e@N
F @ C DC lD N Co NCqDWA DF HvDO D@N ,P@vC @O@p@
VN C p qC ,PvC cp hC ok  PvC O qC p @ zo
WO ok  A llN D iN  MCqDW N CpF ,Dl@ @F
iz DOvC CpF  ,PvC DOVC fD @D@N Cp@F
.PvC p ko hC ok DZ

d sC
k F  D A qC  PvC dC D lZ CoCk d sC
:  oDzC 
Clpz DOVC oDOo pF Dd D "d" qC kCp D (@C
DV  DC  DlDG DlDF W  ,PvC DV 
.lOw DA PDo F r
F ,PvC d V d   Pw C F p ,cC C ok
 DdC W D.l D kp C a@@ A D@F
pF "d" D ,OwCk oDGOC ldC  Co DV  pF Dd MCop
cC ok "pz" a Fp DFq ok "pN" .lCkD@ A
C ok d .l kDC Co   DG@p@@N @vC D@@@
d" D "vC d"DV F S ,PvC kCp "D" DF DGpND
k C ,Dd ok ."o D" D "vC D" :P CN "o
oDzC DA  ko k F  loCk Dp  D@e@ qC @@@
:
 pN C Dz  koCk D oDwF D "D" @@ @1
 No ok ,kkpk p d  N C  oD@G@O@C
oDGOC  pN C   PvC pNCk "d"  D
FpWN  w , ,Do C pF S ,kp pF ok Co
"d" D@A qC @ b@@ @F D@C k@z@ @C "@D@" @vC
.lo oD F sC k p MDpN p ok OGC.l
 C  ,kz " C" Dz  @@d sC @2
  koCk @ ...  Dv Dkp  D Clh lD @    C
iz  kz PDo DV ok   p C@ @D@z
 "D"  DC ,vo  ECkA S PvC kp Co A 
CqC d  CpFDF .ko oD F  @C@ ko@ ok
DF oCpOvC D F "p" .PvC D  qC pNkpOw ,p@@
FD qC   @oD  kCl DWC D kCkDWC pF kp@ @@@
PvC DV  d qC iF @ ko oDz F CDV p @d
N Co DOVC  C qC Ow@ P@@ C@N@@ @
.lk
 CpF CpFDF .PvC "d" V k cC ok d @ (E
A FD D  "d" F Pwi koCk Mop cC @C
.F p

d sC