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C PCl o qC kDOvC pRC
pF D qp C   lr  C D wdC C rW
EDwd
C DO lClh  l@@vo @W@@O@ @C @F @@J MD@A ok
l)) kp  kp pm DS PCl o CpF  PvDOCl@@
yo C F lCi@F @ Co x@ p@ Cl@h ((D@@ @ o@@C
.lPCl
PvC C l kDOvC C PCl o qC DwC @@@C oD@RA qC @@
?Z  ,l ClJ yqoC DwC 
F  lk DWC Dk ok DoD  DC @@w@@v @ D@w@C
 fG C qC Dz .PvC oD  Ppd  yN DwC @l@qD@@N
lF ,pk kp F Z  l D DNkh F Z ,lzoCl@F
pC .PvC oD  lk  GV  Ppd  yN @l@q@@
PD ok   ,l p h Dl OGC ?ZCpF lvpKF
.PvC Dzkh MkDv A  lChrZ  pC
,ykh MDz HD  PvC ykh MkDv HD pDF D@w@C
 Co oD A ,kz NDz F pW  ko DoD DGk pC
r Dd D ok F lk DWC lvpF MDz F @C l@@@F
  o F DwC xJ .PvC Co C ok NkDv ykh D@@h@F
 PvC HD Co ykh MkDv ,ykh yN  oD   qC@@w@
OD  Ppd  yN qC  P@w@@ @C yl@@ x@b@@
 ok kDq DzN DwC D OGC .kF G@MD@@z
ykh Nl qC lF ,kF D MkDv F C DhF l D@@k
C qC  lF D  PvC kF kF DzN CDN  l@@@
CpF kp yN pC  PvC Op u@@W@@O@ D@@z@N
.kF pOF NkDv
 PvC C Clh o F lz @zo  Cl@h @F D@@C oD@RA qC @@
DC  l ClJ   ,l ClJ C yqoC DwC@@
.lFC MkDv  A kz DwC MkDv HV DwC yN 
DwC  DF DGNoC ok DzC  cp
lz fpN A pF pOF lF A ok  kz cp CDw DW@@C
F OwF DwC lF oD  DwC Eh oD DA @ P@vC @C A P@vC
iF MkDv  Eh Dd p F Eh oD ,koCl D ,koCk DwCD@C
p F DwC CpF  lF oD  lzDF l zo C o F DwCPvC
zo C o F  lzDF OzCk DC DwC @A @ P@vCl@F D@d
Di  kz cp kDq  PvC CD@w@ @@C ?l@zD@F
 Mo C F ,l cp kDq Co Cv @Cqp@C D@@C@V
DwC  C CpF  koCk r Z  Pwk Z l
,lzDF OzCk kDOC Clh F DOd DwC kF CClh Dok G@@
F Pw MDA C ok  pGN F D ,lzDF OzCkDC ,lzDF Dw
  Clh ,PvC Eh Dd p F Eh oD ,lzDFlz zo C o
D  Eh oD  ClF  l p Z Clh CpFxJ ,PvC @
 orF  PvClh Z Clh ,lvD D lvDFCo C l@@ l@F oD@
Co C  ClF A Z @ DlF F lDG ,PvDOCF    
 lCh  qD ,koA kp N pv CDok ok  lvD@@z@
PGw F  lvDz Co C DvDvC  ClFA Z  ,kp qo
Eh oD k p DC Dd  ok  P@vC@D@  @D@i@ C @F
OzCk FDwd ,DC Dw lDG PD qoxJ .kCnF p @ l
kD kA  pC C pFDF ,lzDF OzCk EDwd lDF  ,l@zD@F
F Olh ,kp ph oD Clh CpGJ  p Clh p w
 pC  o D ,kpGF PF F Co C lDF Clh,PvC kp PpF
 ,kpGF PF F Co C lDF ,lF Eh oD lvDzCo C  Cl@@F
@ Clh F lDF lzDF C qC p pC .lzDF lCN C qC p@@
N lA  kCpC D  PvC Dvo AS @ DF mD@@C
lA C J  kCpC A  lCo @@N  l@@@@
D  No ok ,koCn plF @@N  l@@@ @@@@N
C qC kCpC D p b PvC wo A Eh xo 
F PvC Eh kp oD lk pC,l VN kCpC oD F  ,koCn p
kCpC  DzC Mo F kCpCqC h Co  C .l@l@F yCkD@J C
Dw  C l EDOiF phA ok kh   l Cv
C HvDN F C .Ckp TeF C oDFok   cp Co
. pCo HD C qC oCl ,A v
DzC jvDJ
l N k p DC   o Ap
 o DN Ap F D @@A D@d  ,D@@zC Mo@ @C
Ap lF ,l N k p DC   o ,l@@@N
DC  DA ((MDeDC C  CC nC)) l@@@
DC F  ,MkDv F pF  CpF Ap .PvC fD D loCk
MkDv C pk kF Pvok PDC pC lF  @ lDNC D@@N
lF  l N DN  F   @ kF ,kF Z p P,Ow
DC lCh ((C C CC Cv MDeDC C@@@n@C))
  DC l Ap F ,lzDF OzCl DC D lzDFO@zCk
.kp fD
 PvC oDa  lO  p A qC lkF  Cl OGC
  kCpC lOw  Dkh D ok .PvC DC Pw Zp@
  koCl pRC DwC MkDv ok  l  l pe@NCo
OzCk pRC  lDF l p C qC  Cl ,PvC pRDC
ok  Ap kh lOw l  PvC C HW  ,DC @l@zD@F
l Ap kh p ,PvC kp lDN Co H  MDAF
D Co CoD oD Clh ((w@e@@C p@VC @@@ CC))
 DC)) D  lzDG D lzDF  oD A l,l@
Co ypVC D lF ph oD  w p ⁽¹⁾(( wdC@ p@VC
.D
kCpC D l  kz cp DWC qC pOF @ C@v @C
 l  kp PpF F orF MDlh DC @ @oCk Cp@vCo
 lOw Dw DN  DA qC F  lOw Dw@ @@AD@d
loCl DC Clh F DvDvC F ,loCl vC pGJ  vCF DC
Z kp  Co v J  w A S .lvDz@@ CoCl@h 
 qC G  kF DoDF olZ ,kp PpF F or@FP@l@h
oDF  F S Dk olZ  kF U FD pv @@J
v J  qC lF DC ,llz WD  lkp@p@O@@k
 Co qCr l wC  w A o  .lzW@D@@
C pV F Co DizC C  Clh P kz DACpk  ,kp
?kp lkD lCOzClDC
kp Ch ok Co D oDF Z p :Ap  C
C Clh .PvC Z H  PvC oCp Z qC  GF Dd
A l zo D Co D C C  PvC kp DF Ap@ ok Co
VDClp D )) :lDp CpvC F ov ok :PvC C C
DnD V  DV R lp  D D D@ @ D@@@W@
DD    Dv D v  p@hC kCoC @  ,Co@dl@
FoD D D  Fo D     l  ,Co v
.((Coe
 l yN  Co p ok w p  PvC C DA @C @@h
D ok Co ypVC Clh ,l PD  kpF  l@ p@ @v@F
Mo F Co Ow DOvk C  D C Clh .l Dl@@
.PvC OhDv OzCkpF e  kp P CpF kDA DO@vk@
P Co aA  loCk oDOC loCk oDOC Z or@ @ qCD@@z
C lzDF D  Eh or qClC p or qC DC ,loCkpFl@@
koCkpF pk rZ  l PCo rZ  DwC  PvC oDOC
,kDA  lDw or  ok pC Dz .koCl   D@vD@vC@C 
,loCk pF V loDF V ,loCk pF l loD@@Fl@@ @S@
l up F pC ,l PzCkpF  loDF@@ P@hok
oDh loDF oDh pC ,d loDF d pC loCk pF @F@
. loDF pC  l PzCkpF
C llF  Dd p F  Pw C   D or  
,llF e l D  XpF D ,pk rZ D oDF oDh  @@@CqC
.PvC  C .V D oDF qoC
  PvC Pvok .loCk l@@ D@@D@@z@N ok D@@D@w@C
WOwV rZ Z ok Co DNkDv  l@@O@w@ MkD@@vH@D@
 ,l yN Dk C ok DwC Pw@ P@@ ?l@@@@
ok lCh  CWO  e CpF lPdq ,l@@
 onF  ,koCl oD  MphA  Clh F C kpF Dk 
 ok CWO CpF l oD ,PvC DkonF  lzDJ@
C ok kD WO CpF  l oD DwC PwP  DC .Dk
ok  kz kr Clh F ,l ClJ d F Ep CCpF @F ,D@@k
CpF onF w pC  PvC C lD .koCkpF epk DV
C CpF onF pC  llF C F DV A ok PvC OzDD@@V A
l Ap .ll@F C @F D@@V @C ok P@vC@O@zD@ D@@V
Ch MphA  ChClh  DA F  ,Co Dkhkl D ((l@))
 DA F   Dvo PvC PkD qC pNDFDzl  l@O@w@
DV  ok Co WO  e lCh lpF DWA DN lCh@
PvC EDGvC   dCrN oCkDk Z C A MDN  DF ,lp@F
l yN Dk l  Dk CpF w p l @@N Cl@h
Co onF ,koiFpF C F PvC  Z,lvo A F lokl
 lvD DV  ok yonF  kpF WODk ok C CpF lzDK@F
F   N Co ykCpC  ,lvpFA F OA  k@F ECp@h
 ok   N DC ok   lF lokl 
F MDC qC h PvDk l F onF .lF lokl D@C
CpF  d F EpN CpF  Clh CpF onF  ,koh p@F P@A
UCr DF FD (onF) A .Pw pnJiNpk ,kz l@@zD@J Mp@hA
iz  oCl qC F F ,kpnJ i@N  P@vC @O@w@
.lk e PvC OzD
? PvC  C   C
C C DA ?PvC oZ  C C vp@J@ D@@z qC @ D@d
C  pk MDA ok ?Pw  D PvC  C @@
)) lDp oz ov ok .PvC lA pk Mo FH@
N DlC Qpd lp D   Rpd   kr phC Qpd lp@D@
 P pGN C C) ⁽²⁾((H  phC  @D@ D@@@
l F Co onF lCiF  w p (PvC Ap k@hqC kp@ P@Coq
Dk onF :oCk onF oV k C  ,MphA l F onF lzDKF MphA
MphA P F Co A  l p DwC P DF onF ,MphA on@F 
C F lzDF MphA P yl  w p D@kP@@ @F D@ koD@@F
lzDF Dk yl   w p  k Co ypNkDq ,k
 Co C (k C F rZ A qC pOF k  l@)
⁽³⁾.((DN)) : pe
pd D PvC  pd  H C  C C D@z p@@ @F
F kF kCpC pOZ  lvo p F ?Pw  PvC
.kG  kF C qC p pC  Pp HC
  PvC G w Z  C ko ok Ap@ @i@v D@d
yN Dk CpF  w A  PvC C ,Pw G@@ @w@@Z
PFGe ,PvC Pp  Mpz pC ,koCk l DO@dl@@@
kp  CkCt  qCA lz lF ,PvC yo@ P@p@@@J,P@vC
C CpF  oD (ok) DC ,lvo  yCWO F ,P@vCyo@@
l A F DwC  lzDF OzCl N pk PvC lzDWC l@
F kz kr Clh F C CpF  kp Co oD C ,lvpF p@k
DC kz kr  kp F ,kF kr kp@@F @@@C Cp@F
Co kA  kz p .kz kr  ClhF lF l@C@N@@
kpF  p F  lzDF C yl S  NpDw CpF lO@F
Dz p F  lF lF  l Ppd CpN Dzp F @
F DwC pC ,kz pk C .vo  F phDF@ o@
EV p F pC  lvo Dz F kp P@p@dD@@z p@
F lF Ppd DwC  CkDV p qC ,lvo EVF kp Pp@d
.lvokDV A PD
PvC  G pz DC
@ DF mDC @ C  ,PvC ( G) p@z p@@ @C qC D@@C
 G l N  J  Co Dw  lClh
 w A , , ko ,PvC Dw D C DF CoCp@k 
 w A .Pw C D  Clh lCh Co Clh C koCl DC
pk lCh Co MphA O ,lCh@@ Co Mp@hAkoCl@ D@@C
PvC OvCh  Co aA DwC F MphA ok .kCk C FCo A k@z@@
PvC Op A v F  OvCi  Co aA  koCl ,lk@
C pz lzDF G w  C C CpF,F .ll@F C @F
Clh F w pC .lzDF z  Dw DOd SDwC @ P@w@@
 lzDF OzCk kDOC MphA F  lvDF Co Clh lzDF @O@zCk D@@C
Dok ok NCmld yoD A llF DWC MphA Clh CpF Co oD@
D  kpGF F qC Co A  l kDWC OA A pPvC G FD C
w A .k fNCo A  PvC ((p)) ((kD)) PA A
 l  kp Plh pF kCpC F kp Co v @@J @
Co C Clh ,OzCk  o p ,PvC kF Z PlhC qC yo
De .PvC OzCl  o F  ,lDvo yoD@@ @F
koCl  k  o F DwC  @ koCl  @@@ @ P@vC
ok  ,lvpF Co A l F PvC Op  Cook @@ .l@vp@F
kp p C xJ .lvpF Co A l FPvC O@p@ @ @Co
yqoC DwC  F d F DC lFD Clh o@ @F l@z @zo
pk Dk  ok Co DwC  PvC k C F ,lk@
zo Clh o F A ,lkDWC Co    p k .l@@
Co  oV  pD F DC,Pw zo Clh o @F @@A  P@vC
DvA DN q qC  A  C MDN DF ok  lCkCk DWC
⁽⁴⁾((p fDC C HC C l C)) :PvC
D.PvC Pvok  yoV k p  l pwN oV k Co A C
CoAp MDA D  koCl  DvDvC CkCk pnN  G @ o@
ok A F  DV  . d Dh   @F @@@@
C .PvC k k p ,l eN Co Pvok @@@ k l@dCA
ykh MCpGN D  PvC Ap MCr@W@@ r@V  D@@hqC
lZ p  kp  CN oV l@@Z Co A @ koA@ o@Co
 o p l pz pDz D .PvC Pvok @yo@V
ClF C ok  lv pz C .PvC Pvok D lCiFlC@i@F
:lCh CN oV lZ Co A  PvC pPvC

qC lF  liF ok qC

Dok D  H Co C p

 kp DwC H Co C p  ,qC lF  liF Clh @@
.Co Dok D
:CV qC ,lCh kz  pk oV P P Co pz C 

qC lF  liF ok qC

Dok ,D  H Co C ,p

.D H Co Dok  kp p H Co C 

qC lF  liF ok qC

Dok D ,H Co C p

.kp C p H Co Dok D 
DF OGC ,lCh kz  pk oV lZ lF N Co D@@@C p@C
k  ,lF pN lD@F l@C@h ok D@W@@C @ MD@@N@C
 P   ((Dok D  H Co C p))@
r bCo Ap MDA  ((Dok ,D  H@@ CoC@ ,p@))
 oV lZ Ch   oV  ,CiF oVlZ  koCl
**.lk
p fDC C HC C l C
DOVCFCo Oiw   ,DOVC FCo wd  PCl
F  uDzClh,lzDF  DC DF  Dw O  pC Dd .PvC
kDp ,lF EDwdAp P  Co Dzkh ,lzD@F D@zk@h @
C lzC))  ((Cvo Cle C lzC  CC @C C l@@zC))
Ap  C ADC ,lzDF lF DvA F  D@A ((C @ D@@@
oCppF DDok C ⁽⁵⁾((wDF uDC @)) l@@@
 ok  kDwpvCpv lF Co DA DOVC FCo O  l@zD@G@
Z  Pwl DN  Ap ,PvC Ov    De  PN
DC   ,lOwDF FD DC  PvC l F PvDF FD O
F ,lpF CoqC pC O p  kp p :kp o @C A qC
F pC lvo PvC Op oCp Co A PD ok  l@@@
 .lzDFOzCk lDG  Co Co A l F lvo oDOC lp Co
Pvok Co ykhDk Co pC PwDpND P  D PwDpND kp
P  DC ,lvoykh Dk l F l Ap lF 
.lvo ykF lF   Co Dk Co D pC uDzClh
F Co  Op Clhp F  O PwDpND  k @@ @F
A MkDv CCo  Co PF Co  d F EpN Co  Clh @v
 !?koCk rZZ N C PvC Op lzDF OzCk  Co DV
ok ,zDF OzCkCo NkDv oDOC lDG Co Op Co Dk ok D  o
o A qC lF PvC C .zDF OzCk oDOC Z lDG  MphA
F kz kDOvCA kh qC  aA  MDCo G pF yp  
 o C l)):lDp  A m ok  PvC C P@Cl@
((D