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? Pw C lz
F le lC xz ,qCA lF D D lCk  C @@@
 D lOW  DDC qC ,C lz F p D GV @
. PvC z D D phD
C oDFok ((P Co Clz)) ok p@v ul@ @@@C @@
:lw
  MDp q  ,kF Ppz oClZpJ  z D@W@@ C))
 ,D D Vp DFDO ,PvC D ClCk  CoA Zpv
.DCoA kDOvC  C  CoA
 OpJ ok orF v  C  @ @@@q ok yCqCA
F  kOv lzDF OzCk DF  cpz F qD  PvC A qC pOzo
(( PvC A C DOv D kh  lD lzoh kOv
:l  oDFok h DN  qC  
xJ  ll kiF vC DV  lDF  C e qC lF))
orF D  CoAZpv C  MDp q p l@Z qC
uok pO ko ok C  EDO  PvDp  ,PvC HO@
EDO C  kz  lz xolN D C DWCk @@e@N
.koCk D(( ))

D ld ok    DV
lz  Dlk qC ((MDWC MDo))  oDwCh 
Co  xKv ,lF orFlCk lZ HD ok ldC pJ Co C
l pOorF e C lz )):lw ,koDz DA DV
C TkDdC  ok l jz lD, DdC lC   ok DV
lD  , lD C ok Np lv  l jz lD, () PF
,kDOvC  kpDz MpS  Oi   C Pv ok v jz
. ...opz  v VCh Z 
HD ok  koDz Co vC joDN  ok z D pOorF C
.kqDv rpO (C lz) pJ 
oCp DOv ko Co C  lCO C  ok orF D  NCoDG
.  DOC oCl F DWC ok D  PvC CCp lCkCk

   D D F  DN Mk qC
D GV ((rV)) DOvo ok pW734 D@v ok C l@@@z
lN GV PC F p .lkp lO DG EV ok C
VCo CDClV iF ok vC D F z qC orF ClCk
.P Ch iv A F
ylCk olJ kr Co   k  MDl (rV) DWD@@ ok
  ypw olJ rVD lC lvC jz  , lC DV
. PhA yolJ
 qC Ozo krv ok kF orF lCk D lC lvC jz
.PvC OzCk MoD Do
 h MD N CpF ,kF Dv krDz  (  750 Dv ok)
pz koC Cp orFD D D Ck W qC kDO@vC
oDk A orF D pe qC DWA ok  kz(( d)) @i@oD@N
eC pi qC CN DA D ok l Ck   H@w@
.kpF D kF d D lApv Dq A ok  d  lqp
 wd lCl lv ,v oDi lv @l@C D@@V l@@v
W @ d DkCq pCh @ wd lC D l@v yokCp@F
lz lkF  lNDvC pk lr  jz  D F p@V @l@C
,Pwqd ok Dv XJ DV
D pk    pzC W  Fp  kClF F Ml C D@RC ok
kDOvC r v  zqC DWA D DorF qC kp pv  Cp
.P D qDVC PDok F  k
kh  rV F (   755 Dv) PzCk D@v 21 @ @D@@@
qC C vCorF D pDv oClk o F xK@v ,P@@qD@F
  ov  w  p ok  .PhCkpJ DA pv F v  z
nhC F DA qC Pp pF vC DqC oDwF pe qC l@ 
.P D MCqDVC
v qC) qCo lC H MD  F k ok 768 D@v ok
(vC orF
piO qDVC nhC F , qC   kDOvC qC xJ  PD @@N
.lz
329/4: Ck  @ vC phD

C ClDh  C Piz oDFok C  oDO
((C Clz)) yolCp EDO ok( pv ul) C @
F PvC lz VpN((P Co Clz ))D F voD DFq F 
pDd p DN  OhCkpJ C ClDh  (DWO  ) kDdC  kC p@m
.PvC pnO orF  C kCl ok Co DA
 DNoD   Dlq Ml F VN DF:l pk DV ok
ClqoC MDDN ,Oi Do F kp h p @ ok
MDp  k CoA  ,koA lV F k @ D@@O@zo ok @
C lqA DDOvCk  pz  EkC DOzook  peGN  ,GD
qC  kpF @J C@N@ ,kD@@ @D@@@@W@ @F ok @
llJ DV pN  DlF DN CpF Clh  PvD okDDOiz
 ,l koADWF d qDF kz O d ok Z p  ,PvC koA
((lzDF lvp yCGNp  D kp F kkp DOv Z p
(158 : P Co Clz)
DN359/4 :vC phD EDO ok N F C lz ClDh ko@ ok
PvC kp TeF Ck  DA 367

?l C lz C F CpZ
DF  oD C vC CpZ Pw C vC C lz  PvC zo
F  Co ok  C Fp   lzDF le lC xz lkp
 PvD orF lCk Owi ,lz MkDz PFpz N p@d
qC ol lF   qC J  DWA qC ,lzlCh ((l@@z))
(kp Ch oDzC ) W qp A F C lD@ @@@z @@D@V
F  ,lCkCk ((C lz)) H C F Cn kF l@vp@ MkD@@z@F
.kzkD C qC z D D  HO ok r D 
vC Dp pk F PGw DC z  DWA qC joDN  ok
A lD PDd Fp Dd  ok   Pw  kF P@@@C ok
CpF  lCkF piO Hn lF orF ClCk D OvJ
v DwC p pF  koCk Cp F e   MlOvC 
@ C k C F V Cn ,lD lzJ Cp@@C  @@@C
ClF Co PvpJDV  HO DD Cl @ PDd  PC@@@
 lF phok Co kh D  DV O  lk v @O@@v
o qC oDZD llF Co z D O DlOvC ECV lCN @
  DvC C DN l peN CoDq p DDd D H@@@N
aDZ  l DOC O F DN  loCkpF D qC Co P@@@
. lDvpF MkDz F Co DD W qp FP Ch
() CpC F () pGDJ Z D o qC O@@ @@@C
.D C G   C Ge  ! D :kp
?PzCk oDOC CN D qC rV OwDzD DC Z 
lCkCk DO F  orF D C F Co C lz H  PvC Pvok
lz C C lCO Z C F  lF D F p @
z C pC eF Ph H qDA D qC @F ,P@w@@
.kp lCh lN  kp lNDN lz oCr CoCr
S  l F rWd a) P pd CoClvDJ  ClD@W@ qC
Ckp Z  PvCN D MCoDiOC rV  @on@@F @ (...
orF D F ok ,lClvo MkDz F A HO Co ok @or@F
 lC lz C Dzk qDWN  d koDoDF  lCkF Dw 
vC pGDJ  CpZ lq d pd  PvC C @ D@@p@V
:lDp(0
HD).oCk D    eC ol ,  eC  eC  
(223 : qoCh
:kp () Clh pGDJ
 ClF kkp  DF d  PvC d DF   PvC  DF d
. PvC d PhDz ok Cr  .kkpF C 
. PvC lA 76  h DN  qC EDO ok
ok pW   Pz oCnDV C qC lF DR lz  C l@@@z
H C oDiOC F lGO C CkpDz Owi qC vC D@@V
DN F p  F TDR lz Co D HO ,k C qC lF  llkp D
l D DN ...D lz oCr CoCr  Dlz CoCr...qpC F
...(X)
D Dd cpz h ok Ow EDO pv ul C @@
DN lCO DMkDz pz F HO Co ok  @@N or@F
DF voD DFq F (( @@@@C Cl@@z)) D@@F P@vC kp@
lz r VpN voD lC VvN(( P Co Cl@@z))
. PvC
ok z P F CqClC DN CN lkv EDO C D DF
lz MkDz ZiF ok aDZ  CpZ kpF J joD@N @
 k Ch DF C qC lF  D  lA on ED@O@ ok C
 PvC D PvC oCph  P EDF qCorF D  CpVD
qC CiF  Tld kh N   DN ol w@ @C ok D@
. WC
D  C  PvC DG D GV C l@@@z @ D@W@A qC
F VCo  lkHvD ,PvC kp N HO lN Co or@F
:  PGe D GV
vC Dk ok p F  opJ D  ((D GV))
o  DG EV qC rV qpC  PvC D GV kp qC lz
. ko oDF ov
oDwF FCv z joDN ok D GV @@@  D@@G@ E@@V
.koCk Dhok
PGw hC  l MDGR ok D GV Dz ,vC joDN  ok
.lCkF o kC  wC   D pC F
Dq ok oD omFC lGN PpF qC lDF Co D GV kp@ @@@N
 Dz pF DvFC F D Pd  D @F D@@S@ P@@h
. PwCk dC A  w
  d pV F () pGJ oCorF FDe oD om@FC Cp@q
ok Co C D lz lGN Dz F D@@S@ p@ qC @C@h @vC
.k lGN  koC o pF p D GV kr C
vC Pd  C Ph kp OhDv zo DF D@W@A ok om@FC
CpJ ()pGJ ,koCk wC   C pC F @@@N
Co N onF PwCN PvC OwCk z Co l C F lO  
DA  lDF D GV lNkDv kp qC VkClOvCDF Dk ok
GVHW kp H  PvC oDiOC pOorF C l z Co
piO ClF PvC DF DV DN  PvC lz DG EV kp  D
.lzDF
llA llJ A ok Dz vC D ok  DV Owi CpFD@@F
oD omFC lGNkoA o CpA lDF O DZ  kF D@ @G@V
.PwCk () pGJ olD  PDz DF FDe
!Dhok DoDOv qC pJ DvA  Z qpv
 D GV  qC  oClD FC  D D ClCk  D
qDO Oiz HC,lCOvDhpF DN J Dp qC DG EV
DC z OwDz  Pzpv DJ D D qC D C@@@ 
:lD ,lzDF
O r p e C F  DClG F  jz ,DR e@1
.kz
o  p DC ok C lWw  ,w C @@ j@@@2
C  jz lWw DF PvC
jz F p D lCDF jz C kDCk  oD  jz @ 43
DF
DF jz oCorF olJ ,D lClG F wd jz @ 5
kCq pCh  DR lz lpF lqp D HdD wd jz @ 76
oCl HdD le lv C
p VCo  DR lz  C lz pOp  pOorF @ qC @ 98
.P Ch iv k
 D kClN   lC kF D GV D pD qC N  D@@@C
C qC F hlCOvDhpF PpF DF  C qC  z p@hD@@
EDO  D pd jz oCorF Qle  ld F PvC kCl@@N
 D qC r kh (( CDv)) PDF  olCp@
ok Ow FDO (   1104 Dv F Ozn ok) lzDF @@@@
GV D  C C)) DF kp DN oDk A ClCkcpz
z  A,D GV ClCk qC oDw@F A ok  ((@D@
.PvC kpF D kh Dq DN Co 
C we lv dp qC CN D GV D @p@hD@O@ qC
lC pz weClGlv  (C DC EDO @) @@D@
.kpF D r N pd qC Dk ok ClqoC DFDO ) D

C lz MDCp qC C
lz lCk DkC qC ((oCpFC Cld))  oClD l@v
: PvCOzD cpz lF G kh h F, DR
D  oDrpJ D qC  @ F pD j@z @h @F @))
:lk Oz Z @ PvC pWO
k D ,Ow ((rV)) p ok lk ECh F 955 Dv ok @
Dh ok F(( C lz))F o  F le lC xz jz
 Co FDO OvCh C qC ,lA Eok k F jz ,O ok  Oo jz
F .koDF CpF kp DN kDOVC oDFok pCF lC DV jz
q ok D F  @ pk EDO@ D@F Co ED@O@ A @O@o ok
((!.kCk  F koA @ kFMDCo
(157 @ C  @ P Co Clz qC  F)

((DwC  Dp  PFDR DC G )) PpF pJ ClDh
DN ,lV ,olJ .kF OD D  lzo P   kCDh ok C l@@z
 pwJ qC C C ClqpDa .lCkF D  D qC PJ l@Z
xKv v C qC lC kF Pp  D C  Cl@Ck qC ,p@O@hk
oDkD F D  D pOhk    pw  D  lOW
.PvC lD
 MoD  P PF C  Dd D p DN C lz Dkk
qC  p ko ok C .lzDF  kF MG  PDvo QCp D
: k pOi fN C F HwO ClDh

C lz olJ
ok  kF D GV o D qC le  lC DV @
OzCk F vle lC xz yl@qp@ P@@Fp@N  @@@@N
. Pp Cp C kr Co C   kDG  PFp kDG lz.PvC

lz  pwJ  olJ 
xolN Co Do    ,kF r  kDOvC  yolJ @@
.PvC kp
 oCorF lCk D ((m FC)) F p  pw@J
. PvC kF r lz pwJ kpDz

lCk   pwJ v
lC D ,le HDFC lC xo :DDF lz l@qp@ @v
jD DorF qC vp ,wd oFC lC DV , vDC@FC
.lCOzCk qDVC Dz lz olJ qC ,lCkF oCorF D  qDVC

C lz lCk pOhk D
 jDC lv ((jDC Pv)) F H we@C C@@D@
.PvC kF OCo jD  lNDvC opv
 :lw C oDF ok @ D pd j@ @@C D@v H@dD@
CkDOvC qC . PvCkF lFD  OwDz   D l@@@Ck
yolJ kDOvC  FC  yolJ qC C .lkp DOv  qC  lz
oOvk  k DOv  qC r lz yolJ.PzCk P@Co qD@VC
F i DdC ok  l ClOC C F qD@ ok C@D@F @ kCk@
.lD VCp  Fkh
(193/1 :C C)
C F PGw kp  lOzCn CpOdC C PD  Ck @F D@@@
,rV DOvook C HDV MDDNC qC  lO@zCk P@D@@  @V@N
GV opJ lOW  z  qC rV  C l@z D@kCq
D ok  lz  PD MDA ok p DF C  PvC @D@
!lOzCk od D GV qC lOW kDO C Dl N

:C lz pw
 EDO HdD oCorF Qle  F ,lz pw@@ @@ C
Co C lz .kF lFD  DvoDJ D DF ,@@C D@v
VCp  F k Dw nhC ok  kp pC Co Dq  kO@v@
(G ol).lD
 lC kF CDF D orF D ClDh Dok  PvC pm DDz
Od  llvo kDOVC dp F  kF oCkohpF D   qC
.lCkF r kp VCp ko kDOC   Dw ok
q C ok lA D F lA qC pm  lz pw  pOhk qC p
,wW pCh  C wW pOhk ND@h @@A:qC C@N@
.kpF D r... Np lv pOhk ,uD F lv pOhk D

: C lz wV  do MDh
C m ok 171 : z oClD D ok DiF @@ D@A
:lw C
D F OzCk CSdDG  .kF l DN  SW@C @@@ kp@ C
D .lkp NkDzD  phCC ok (( Dz DV FC))
.kF Cl  MCk v ok .Pp ok CSdDG W@Ck k @C
MCk PJ qC )) :P C ClC ppeN C F DV FC
((!?PwZ A D    , uDwdC Co CSV
C qC pOorF N  lqp oA)) :P C peN jvDJ ok l@@z
((kz
ODV lqp F ,Ow p  lqp N  kF pGN  @C)
( Ow
Co C MCl   qo A qC  lkp lpz jvDJ C qC DV FC
.PzCk k ok
C . PzCk uDwd  p co  Co pz G  v m C
MDh C pD ,PvClz  qC  r oDzC  Dkp@v qC
 PvC Oo DiO Cpv F EkC  pz cv DF D C .PvC
pz  FkC jvDJ , Mo F Cpk DD@ j@vD@J ok
PvC kCk
:PvC lA kDOvp Dd F  oDzC ok
pRC  ApC C R p pwOC  eC  C
(lvDz Cp Ap  k C xKv ,pwN  e  )
PvChok qC pz W ok Co Clq qC Co h h x@K@v
oDOp  oDzCC.kp oCp PC ko  l@@@
joDN  ok CoClqo  CpOv DF Co N  Ck   Ckp@
.l qDF

khpD DOiz pOorF qC qDVC nhC  C lz
,d ok  kh  ((rV)) ok lz kp oDzC  o @F
qC oDwF kr qDW w ,ov ,p , ,Fp W ,kCl@F
  qC  Oi DOzo ok v  z D p@hD@@
.PvC Op qDVC  k kDOvCEkC  pz ok 
oCorF D C vok lNDvC pNo  O @@a@@ 
  aDZ kF d  lpF lqp ((eC pi))
.PvC kF C kr ok lz MeN pOF lz
C MCoDG F  PvC D lz  D P@@@ ok Cp@F
ykpDz oDFokkF z D phD qC  yoCor@F kD@O@vC
: VN C lz
:koD Z 349 :vC phD ok Ck  DA
 d F lz ko qC xJ Dw 751 Dv ok @@e@@C p@i@
ok ykh hF  yCDh ok CqDVC ok  Mpe qC kD@@O@vC
EDO A lz  @ d   @ yolJ ((lC)) EDO PJ
:lwkF lCh  kr Co