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 l VN   p Dz F  pk O@@ @ @ 
 DA lF lCh DGO@J D@p@oD@ qC @ D@@@C
Do kh  pz vC F lF Ep v F Co o lCh
,Ow  oCk Dpv Fk C ,oCk Dpv  Ow@@
oV Z poD F PGw vC  lOw oV Z poD @F P@G@w@
HGw ,vC iz C ,kp p  Co vC@i@z C P@vC
,poDDF C oDOo ,DN  oDGN Clh G qC vC oDz  kF vC
C  lvF CN DF Co poD Pvk   kp p @ k@F A
yqoC kp kDWCoDiOC CpoD CpF  lvF Co p@oD@ D@@
p  PzCk OvC qo A poD ,poD  PzCk VN Co Dw@C
A  PzCk yqoC  PzCk OvC kF ykh CpF kp oD @Z
poD yqoC kp C  pC pGJ lvF Co yqoC e@ ,Co yqoC
ykh DC  C v HDFC FC  vC @i@zk  Co
l MDPvC Oo ,kp pd MD  kF poD 
pF A qC lF , ykh CpF @ ,koA@ p@@F EA P@vC
kF poD p  DA CpF ,ClOwCpF kp  lA
oA  Dd  ok  kp oD  ykh zDC CpF  PvC
D  ykh Pvk DF l (Pw DC qC MD lZ) CoDMD
F ,C CpF lkpPDC F PF  qo D ( Hw@d @F) qo
Co ykh   F qo D ,lz DN P@@@F @O@ ,P@@h
pv lDF DzoD  vC C izp k C oD DGk PzCkpF
vC ok poD CpOdC C l wD Dz D  CpF l@zD@F
F  zqoC C  kp ClJ eN kporF k C  @vC@F
  C  PvClA Dz p ok  ykh  PvC kCk D@z
, DA ,pDF Mpd ,kD Mpd ,Pw  C v HDFC FC
oD lOo ,lOzCk  e @ ok@ l@Ckp@ @@ D@@A qC
z kD Mpd DA lO F kD Mpd F lkp
kDq yCNDN oD  NDGN oD  kF kDq  z kFh
 DV A ok  C Hwd F kpF pN ykh n ,k@F
 oCnC D F Co C ,Eh  lkp p C F kp oD PzCk
MoCpd ,F kh CpF Ch oD  oCk   kp@
p   lk yqoC olZ ,C  xd kh lF ok Co EDOA
oD ykh ,kF MDD A CoCk  kF C iz ykh Dqok 
F okDz PvC Z oD yqoC  l@k@ @@@@N  l@@@
 ok ,PvC kDq DoDz  DDkC ,lGF Co DC Cpv Ow@@
kh  lF  O ,lCkp DkC  lCkCk oDz DC Dq
poD F ,PvC Z poD DF Dv ,PvC oV Z D DA
l d  oCk Dpv ,l D oV Z,loCk p Z
Dzkh kDOvC PA Co poD D@C k p@ ,l@@@@ @Z D@@A
pk  F A ,  F A ,Co DC F k p C lCkCkoCp
ok Z CpF  DzkhD CpF lCkCk oCp oCrFC  lCkCk oCp PA
F PGw  CN  poD CpF C Ow D@o@@
lkp p Co poD Cd  SCo DC F Co pGN C poD
oD lDF Dz ,lk Dz F Coh  ,lzDF OzCk lDG b 
l Dzkp ,lA DzqC oD  PA ,lpF Cohl
Co Dz  pkOvk A Dok F DOio lDF Dz @@F Co @F 
Co DA lJDZ pk Co qC  lCkCk qDF Co DpoD l@CkCk qD@F
 PvC D UoC oD  poD CpF,PvC D yqoC poD CpF vC
iz  ,D iz   oD  ,PvC D@ Cp@O@dC
,Co poD p ,oCq ,poD iz ,l @@@NCo l@D@W@
,koCk Dko C  C Dz S ,l S Dz  l
,lkF oC PA DDz A ,lOw  S ,lOw l  
 l fpN  pAp ok lOw pFCpF  o  DC
 Ck OzCk Mol ,OzCk Dpv  Dw C F DqD@@O@C
DwC yqoC F ,PvCN F DorF  DyqoC ,Pw D@C D@S@C
F VN ,lCkp yCp C F k C Co @D@w@C yqoC P@vC
DF ,lz lO DOvC  OA lOw D kh S lDwC DCC
Mol F C ClF,lOzCl  DF p Oo  ,pk P@@o @
 lDF oC ,Ov PeN DoDaF C  kp  oA l@vo
CpF yqoC o   oCkDpv F A D DA Cp@F l@@@
p ,lD Dzkh Mol CpF yqoC DA ,lOw@ D@ D@D@w@C
⁽²⁶⁾.l  C F lzDF DA MolPeN  o
PvC kp PDo ok ,Clh Do
CoClDp DDA Dz pD   o   oClC 
qpCvC PdCrVC  o   Cpk  CoCl@@i@F 
do  ,PvC A F   Dz pD   oD
C v pC Mpd  oD ,lzDF oD DO@@@ 
qC CoDih   lkF kCk C C F O  lDp @@
F)  lDp ,ll (oD D kF k D Dd) q  DJ
FD ok oC Pw HkpF  qC pC DwC  ( Hw@d
.lzDF DV p ,lOw Clh pe ok  Dz .llz PdCoD @@
 ,Dz DZ ,Dz DqDF ,PvClh peok Dz D@H@@
l z.DV  ok PvC pDd Clh  PvClh pe ok Dz rZ
,lkp oDOo Dz DDC  l oDOo oV Clh DlF DF @
 l D lkp oDOoDGC pDv  .kp oDOo Dz pGJ
oV xo  ,PvC o pq  ,PvC pq Pwi  Dd
D PvC oClDp ,PvC oCliF  ,PvC oClDO@vC@ ,P@vC
koA PvkF PvC rZ   A .PvC rZ  DC  l@@
Pvk F Co Clh i Do  PvC C @F A  P@vCl@h D@o
F Co DDo lDF Co kp C loCkoD pv Dz  kp DF .loD@F
 rr oDwF DqoD  oCqDF  Z kp  .loD@@F P@vk
 lOw DC l Pdq DDhoD ok  Dw CloD@
 D CpFCo qpJ PvC P  qpJ D  P  oDiOC D@
D C lDF D  lOw D P DC  .lkoA Pvk F DC Dz
oDOo Dkh DPC DF   uDwdC D H@ ok Co
 w A l D .lzDF Co oDO@o A qC Cl@h @ @@@@F
F ,DWA kD kp F ,DWA Po F lDFPvC D@V @ oCl@D@p@
oA lzpF pNDF  OvCi Clh P @ D@W@A oCqD@F
vC oV F D p .kF FDv Dq CoClDp PhD@v@
oV  PvCkp qCvC oV  PvC C D@@@D@z
, P DDz  PvC o kD kp  ovC
,Co DoD lDF Dkh D ,zDF OzCk oDkp F  Pw oC 
DlF DF .lkp oA kp DF  lzDF D v PeN lDF kp@
⁽²⁷⁾.PvC lA D Pvk F DA qC qpJ  .lF EhoDOo Clh
lOw Dw D FD ok 
 vC  oCppF P C ok Ch Co vC PCl D
lN PvC vC DJok  k q  F Od kz@@ @Co
pC D CpF lDp  C v pC Mpd  @vC k@@F
q  DF PvC lA Di p  PwO ,pF aDZ
PvC koA ok DJ qC Co Dih .PvC kF le@@ @ C @k@@
 b A ok  vC ,A ok lzDF PCl  vC a@
ok CwC  phA kp A DF C iz A  vC ,l@zD@G@
rZ  l Pd  rZ A vC ok .lzDF D @FD@@
F  (v  A   C ) pCpGJ .C D@ A P@vC
Dd ,lkp  D F  C Dh ,PvC kp  D
iz ,l Pd D .  D F  D @
vo h ,lzDF Clh vo  iz A .koCl Od b@
 , PvC D vC ok .vC ok Pw cp iz ,lzD@F Cl@h
PCl o qC  PvC D ,PvClhD  D  lD FD@N
 PvC p Ap ,PvC Ap  PvC D ,PvC lz Cl@@J @@C
Cr A o lDF   Ow C FDN  .PvC pC voP@@v
FD p ,vCD ok Pw DizC FD p .F @@
PGe Ep DF PvC kF Ep pC pGJ C DF .Pw Dp@
b  koCl PCpz W pF Fp b :lDp PvC kp@
⁽²⁸⁾.koCl PCpz Ep pF  W
koCk DpV o  kCpC  F PGw D
op DN  oDGN Clh  oA F vC Pd aDZ p@C
Pd P ,Co PkoD Cpz ,Co Dd Cpz PvC kp
kF vC olok  oD ,PvC op vC ok  o@@A Co
kCpC DN F PGw D  p  F kCpC DNF PGw Pd @
@F Co P@@@d x@o @ @O@@@d ,koCk D@p@V o@ @
v HDFC FC  Dq ok .DkCk F ko  lChDkCk
,lz ClJ k,m kCpC qC p   DC F OhC   C
,Co Mpd kp oDdC ,lkF kp N DC kh  D D@
,lOo  DC kp oDdC Co P pC ,kp oDdC Co P D@d
F Od ,koCnF CpOdC  PvCh D DWA lOo  @O@
 PvC C  Hwd F ,l pm Co Mpd @  DF @ @@@C
yp ,lzDFwC   F PGw lDF D , lO D@@C
 D O  PvC C  vC D ECkA qC .lzDF oV @
 ,pk qC l D pOF Co ,p F l@@F l@C@h@
 ,lF pNDF   lzDG oV Ow@ ok ,l@zD@F @w@C
,PvD qoA ok  vC Pd a  pC.lF pND@J
C qCvC Dh  vC C DA ,PvC vC DA ,P@vD@ D@A
C    ,kF ClJ Od a  p@C ,P@vC k@F
  C CpF PolCh F qC N d   d DPG@e@
,P ok pC   Dd koCl d .loCk d oV   ,l@@Co
p  koCl d ,pk dD DN lF VN AF pOF Co dD 
Od koCl d ,l kDFA o p@@k p@ qC p@NkD@q Co o@@ qC
D l  DFDh  l p pk DV qC pO@@ Co @D@V@
,kF ClJPvD qoA  Od a  pC .l@ P@D@@vC
C pDv   Ep   uoD   pN   kp    D
DPk  PvC lA J DWCqC Dw C .loDF J Co Dw@
⁽²⁹⁾.lkp DeVC ,lkG vC
CpF Cl ,() pC Mp@d  () @vo Mp@@d P@@@d
D Pd
G qC , DyqoC w  PvC w k ok D ok DyqoC
,DOVC PClG qC  PC F Fp kD@@V  l@@d@N yqoC
PCl wF  DP DF DPd kD oD@O@o  l@ P@@@d
qC vC qC G D vC ol ok  DCDSC DP F ok DOVC
PCl Pw pN FD  OzCk kV llz QG DGC  O@@A
lzDF fe p Dq  fe P  ,lF pN  PwD
lz O qC G lOw  DyqoC  DyqoC
F DGNoC PCl ,koCk  OzCk kV r A ok ClF   ,Do
p Dq DO F  kD PvC oCpk w koCl o@C @C
PvC Oo pN F o lF  PvC kF o  FDv Dq ok ,l
aA Po lCh pNDF  C qC lF  PvC lvo  dpF D@N
 DzqoCPvC PvDv  DOVC F Fp  P@@d Cr@@
,lz e vC C Pd oDFk ,Dq k ok vC ol ok PvC
v HDFC FC   ok  O pk  C vo Dq 
DyqoC  kF ko@ k @C ok kp@@ P@@@d @@@ C
qC Com Dd  oCppF l Pd   kp Pd
PvC kF D PdDq k C ok Pd kp iN D
lzDF OzCl Cpv ClF Co D PDd P b pk l@D@z 
oV xo D Dv F Dd ) ypC B @ @ @ P@@@d
DWA ok  kp  pNDJ DF D FD ok (l@ yp@@G@@N
 C vC ol Pd ok ,lzDF CwC  l@l@q
 O okPvC joDN ok pC Mpd qC C  @O@d P@vC k@F
DN  p DN qDWd qC Od  P Dd  C v pC Mpd
ykh p qC  MD ,PzCkwF pk oDwF DD@V  Cp@C
  pC Mpd F kF DkC  C   ok ,lz @N
Co pC Mpd D kF P D DGNC qC  A @@ p@@
pC Mpd ,kF C kh lD Pvk D  No ok ,PvC@h
 kp DC ,koCnF CpOdC C F PvCh D  lz koC D p@F
lF  ,zDF CwC  C   lDF,l CpOdC kp  F D@@ ok
kp G kD o DF ,kp d pC Mpd l pF D  @
CpF ,lpDd CwC   D FD ok  PvC Od@C
 oDGN Clh FDok   PvC C D vC D@ @@@C
pDv Z  DC Z  pGJ Z ,e Z ,Dd Z ,lpDd D@N
Pd F ODGz D Pd  oCk Co@C qoA D@d D@ kp@
zDF OzCk Nol a  Pw oC  l Cl@J @vC ol@
Dh , kDJ DF Co vC Pd COe  COF
P C Dv lZ DWJ C   lq Dq ok D 
lz vC p  e yrZ   PvC kp pN C@O@e@
 vC Dr F Co lz lvD DrDN C@i@F p@C P@vC
lCiF Clh pC koCk q P  Nl ,Ckp@p@F f@D@
⁽³⁰⁾.pGF o F Co qoA C lDF lCi pC kz
l D DC () pC Mpd Pd S Dk DV b
Pv F pGN ) Ov  OA  C v pC Mpd
  Oh (FCo pGN C lDG C Dd Cn o 
PeN DV   D C F p  ,PvC kF DPv p@@@
CpC  Cp  p  qDWd kF CpC FD lZPvC kF C 
,OoFp ,MD CpF kp H ykh D ,D@D@V @@@h 
 pC Mpd qC D J kp PDz PvC Oo ,PvC k@@
DC Ck Co yrZ  Dd ,DC J PvC  qC @oq @
ok Po ,Co pC Mpd PvCh D ,Ck Co @ @O@ @C
Co pC Mpd D ,PvC kp H Co C ykh C D pe
ok CpDD F kCk N Od ,C V lOw ,Po ,kp oD@dC
MD , CpOdC lDG C qC pNkDq  F ,))  PvC DV 
xo    kF k  ((zDFCwC  k p a lDF
D ,Cp DN p DN qDWd DN Op@ Cp@C qC @ @@@ p@
DN ok lF ClJ Dz .kCk pC Mpd l pF d  kpl@vo
  a  DC  DoV xo  DPv Dok
kF C D  C D A DF  kF GN  k  DF xo
 a  l ClJ Dz ,DA PvC Po ykh  PvC
F D DN Dso DN ok ,DPv DN ok ,DoV DN ok C
so  D .PvDso pDv qC pNDJ  PvCso  vC@so
  D.Ch rZ a  @C@h@ Co @vC
Od  Ch D .Ch rZ a ,vC P@@d
⁽³¹⁾.DWA kpF ,kp oDdC Co CpOwkCk D pC  lzDF
e  pF PDd  HDFC FC  Cp@@C Mp@@d
,CpC ,p DNOp kv DOwFp qC orF D@@ @ ,or@F
oCp ykh  D  ,PvC OzCk Co DDV pDv ov  Cp@
DkC PvC kp k C F kp   O ,D@ Cp@F kCk
pe ok PvC lA  C  OvChCo C D ,Co rZ P@vC kp@
 PvC lz ChkCk  lC Ow  p ok k@D@F @D@
P Pd  C v pC Mpd h pF @d @D@
 pF ok Od  a  .PvC kF wN  PvC kp
 ,oCk Od a  qoA DlzDF kp ClJ eN Pw
yCl ,lzDF l  Po kCpC F PGw  kD@ P@@@d
 P ok p  CkDG  oiF h D  lDF  lzDF@C
⁽³²⁾.koiF vp ,lzDF PwJ lq
DCPF DF ()pC Mpd oDOo
p ok D Co C Pd    C v pC Mp@d P@@@d
,lOw Ok DDOvkok  lOw Pd ok  Dw  pF
OGC .lF Z lDF  lGF  lpF p ok Co oCorF A p@@v
F .koCl w ,oCl DD ,lF  wo A @ @C Mol@
D qC F F  DrZ qC @@ ok l@kp@ @@ @ o@
Co Dpv ,lpF qD Co D pv  lC Oz ,lOz@D@zk@h
 C ,lqCpOdC ,koCl lD  DrZ qC ,lwF  kr@
ok  Dw CpF Pw oOvk ,  CpF Pw@ o@O@vk
P ok  C v pC Mpdo C .loCk Pvk D@CP@@F
 ok  l D .V p CpF lk oOvk Od
   ,kF Oz pv XJ ,Pz pv k kz e@
ro ypv,l p PvC kF P A ok  Gp A l@C@N@
 ,k Oz C p Dpd /qC/ .kF p@ @ D@N l@zD@F
Co DCPF EDwd  PvC lz DC qC qDF .kF @C @p@
DC DF lA w  kF zo z ,kF zo CpZ ,ll@
C  lkp ,lkp yDh Co z ,lrF PvCh pkpd
DF  Z D . rFpk pd Ch N ,PvC D@@CP@@F D@
?w DCPF DF PwZ DPd  ?w DCP@F
pC Mpd Pd ok  P A ok Pw C Dw ,Dw C
O  Dw CpF j@oD@N @ ok P@vC o@O@vk @C ,l@zD@F
 ,l pN DCPF ok  qClC DN  lOw@P@@@d
DJ oklDF ,lF EDwd lDF .koCk EDwd p A ok @ok
ok  DpN ,  DoD ok ,D@N  oD@G@N Cl@h
,lzDF lz okDq ?CpZ lFEDwd lF lDF , DCP@F
⁽³³⁾.koCk ph MCqDW ,lzDF lz PCl ,koCk MCqDW
DCPF CC ok Pk
F Mk Co ykh P  lA () pC pGJ  O p A qC
DA DF Od ,Dm DFOd ,kp DF kp oDOo oV Z ,kp ldN
 C v pC Mpd kp oDOo oZ lkF Hn h 
kF D p CpD) lA p   lz)): lDp
Z,lkFo m  DJ qC Di@@h @  D@W@ ok l@l@A (P@vC
lkFo Co Dih Cp D k q  DJ qC Dih  ((.lkp
rZ ,C CpF kpF DwCpC)) :lkp DC  PvC @@ 
DGk D Ch Dd Z  D ,DwC Z  ((Pw
)  O Dv ,A Dd  kp@@so @@@Z @
,Dd (Dv F Co () pC Mpd @ @@@ MoD@w@V
,p DN , CpC DN Op qDWd qC DP pF yC v  A,DC
Gn qC UoDh w A  A ,Po F PGw ,PvC kF DW DN
C DF  qo D O ykh  PvC OzCk C o@C k@F
,qo D ,Ph  PDC F  cCF Pv F lkp P@@F
yoD Cpv Po PzCkpF Co  A ,lkp Co oD C  C qC lF
A ?Z CpF kp P A ykh Pvk DF ykh ,kp oD@
Z ,PvC oDGS  P w  ,koAok  O@ Co MD@@
 .loDF P lF ((.PvC Ro CpF oDG : k@p@ P@vC
a  HD ,Dd a D ClOw CpF Co DV A kp
PvC Ow Co DCPF EDwd GvDe  O  Ow Dd
D kF Z D PvC kF O P A DCpZ A CpZ ) ,l
EDwd PzCk Mpd kF zo PvC kF Z p ,(PvC k@F @@J
lF PvCh Mpd DF DV A lA w  ,Co DCP@F kp@@
DN)) : kp kp yDh Co CpZ A Mpd,lF pk PGe@
qC,PvC DCPF D CpZ C kp Co DCPF EDwd  D@d
 DF Ch Dd ,kp p ykh CpF D@CP@@F D@
Eh ,koCl DCPFF Fo PvC pk PGe   PG@e@
Mpd S koCl Mol w OGC ((? zo D CpZ Co CpZ
 D  ,o C lCN D ok xb ,l @@  p@@C
 Clz Co Dd ol C D .lzDG kqk  Ch @D@d
C ,l DKZ Co P C D ol C .l kqk ol C@C
⁽³⁴⁾.l P C F  ol
 CpF NpG uok () pC Mpd Pd
lkp Pd  C v pC Mpd  dDG lZ C n
CpF  cDG lZ ,lkp N Co Dzkh Od Dp@F 
 lz G  ,lz NpG uok  vC Cp@F  @@@@w@
pC cDG lZ  , CqClC DN ,Z vC @ l@l@@@@
Pd vC DJ ok  vC Pd DJ ok  lkF @O@zCn@
 C ,lzDF vC Pd D@@J ok kp@  k@@F@@@@N
JlDz  DC ,lA J  C DD CpF qC  DoDOp
CpF qC lz N DN  oDGN Clh p qC  Dd lA@@
V C DF  O ,lvoPd F  O  kF iz A ,PC
 qo A DN kF lz  DoDFCph A qC lF lkp PF  ll@z
A kDw  Dd DN  lkoA J vC CpF  DPG A qC lF
Dd oklvo Pd F  O  kF iz A ,PvC lD DF
 E DDz  DD DSC lq V qC lq Od
 ,kF pN PwJ C lq,DHvD C  DDF C DSC D @@k
PvC lz O  oCp qC DoDG p phA ok  kF V D N
Cq DF ,lF lOwCN DOvk DF Mp@dk@F @@h x@F qC
vC Pd C ,lkp DN EA DF ,Co D A l@@O@w@@@@
 ok  vpN  PvC lz   o F  kpk@F
 lzDF P ,lzDF C vp  P   P Cd qC
Dzp   Po  pv FCiF  oZ ,lzDF oD ok vp@
⁽³⁵⁾.lzDF vp DC,P CrVC qC F ok 
l cC Co DV koCk  O wd DF lDF DV HG