Footnotes
1 - The Qajar Dynasty:
The Qajar Dynasty kings ruled over Iran from 1193 ahl. (1774 a.d.) to 1344 ahl (1925 a.d.) for a period of 151 years. During the reign of this dictatorial dynasty, the Iranian people fell behind the caravan of civilization of that day in all social, political and cultural areas. The degrading contracts or agreements signed, during this period, with the powerful countries of the time, are among the things that have blackened the pages of Iranian history. Grounds for infiltration of Western colonialization in Iran were provided for, in this period of time.
2 - Tobacco Movement:
The Movement that occurred in Iran during the years 1308-09 ahl (1891-2 a.d.) in opposition to granting an English firm, the monopoly rights over tobacco. This was the first successful movement by the people of Iran during the contemporary history of the country. It resulted in the defeat of the government and the triumph of the people, the protestors in their demand for an all out, all inclusive cancellation of the concession. The decree to boycott the consumption of tobacco was issued by the Reference Authority (marjae taqlid) of the time, Hazrat Ayatullah Mirzaye Shirazi, and it made the Ulema and people more determined and stead fast in their unity for the movement they had started. Ruler of the time Nasseraddin Shah, by seeing the ever increasing protests of the people was compelled to cancel the agreement and pay damage compensation to the company which was party to the agreement.
3 - Seyyed jamaladdin:
Seyyed Jamaladdin Asadabadi, was a thinker, reformist, freedom-seeking, and liberal man with philosophic, political and social thoughts and opinions. He supported the establishment of democracy in Eastern countries and unity among muslims and formation of a union of the Islamic governments. He fought the dictatorship of the Kings of Iran, Ottoman Empire and Egypt and challenged the colonialization policy of the British government, all his life. He toured the Orient and the Occident frequently. In Paris, he published the newspaper, Orvatul Vosqa, and attacked the British policy in the East. He injected freedom-seeking thoughts and ideas to the people in Cairo, Istanbul, India, and Afganistan, by sensational speeches. In ahl 1306 (=1889 a.d.), by order of Naseraddin Shah, he was deported a second time. He went to London where he published the newspaper "Siaaul Khafaqain" in English, and Arabic, and again got into trouble, and perforce, left Europe for Istanbul where he was imprisoned first and poisoned later on.
4 - Muzaffaraddin Shah:
Muzaffaraddin Shah was the 5th monarch of the Qajar dynasty. He ruled for 11 years. His incompetency had a bad effect on the country's affairs. He made several trips to Europe and to secure the cost of his journeys, he borrowed money from the Russians, twice, for which, he conceded to them customs revenues of the north, and the Caspian Fisheries. He next, borrowed from the British, for which he gave revenues of the customs in the south. Consequently, the country went bankrupt and this resulted in the So called Constitution Revolution. Due to insistence of the Freedom-seeking, he signed the Constitutional Order in 1324 ahl (= 1906 a.d.) and after signing the constitutional law that had been approved by the Majlis or, parliament, he died in the same year.
5 - Ayatullah Haeri:
Grand Ayatullah, Haj Sheikh Abdulkarim Haeri Yazdi, a great jurisconsult and reference authority of the 14th. century a.h. After studing the preliminaries he went to Najaf and Samarra, where he attended lectures and lessons given by Outstanding scholars. In 1322 a.h.l, he went to Arak and in 1340 ahl, he went to Qum and at the insistence of the grand authorities of the Religion he established his residence in this city and developed the Qum Theologic assembly. Under his tutorship, many Outstanding scholars received training, prominent among them was Hazrat Imam Khomeini
6 - Ayatullah Borujerdi:
Ayatullah Seyyed Hosein Tabatabai Borujerdi born in Borujerd in 1292 ahl. After learning the preliminaries in Borujerd he went to Isfahan where he learned jurisprudence or fiqh and philosophy. He then, went to Najaf and studied there for 8 years and after that he returned to Borujerd where he became a resident. in the year 1324 ahs (=1945 a.d.) Ayatullah Borujerdi went to Tehran and then to Mashhad. Upon return, he went to Qum where he resided until his death in 1340 a.h.s (=1961, a.d.). Ayatullah Borujerdi became a Reference Authority (marjae taqlid) His works include books on philisophy, Logic, Fiqh and Elmul Rejal.
7 - Prof. Shahid Motahhari:
Professor Shahid Murteza Mutahhari an outstanding challenging clergyman who did ample service to awaken the revolutionary generation in the University and in the Assemblies. Although many years have passed since his martyrdom, still his writings convey novel ideas that render the youth dedicated and guided. In 1357, at the apex of the fiqhting of the Iranian people against the Shahanshahi Regime, Prof. Mutahhari was appointed by the great leader of the Revolution, Imam Khomeini (s), as President of the Islamic Revolutionary Council. This Islamic philosopher and researcher scholar, was terrorized in OrdibeheSht, 1358 (April, 1979) at the hands of agents of world arrogance, and attained martyrdom.
8 - Shahid Dr.Beheshti:
Shahid Dr. Muhammad-Hossein Beheshti, is reckoned among the fighting clergymen and scientific and political figures of the Islamic Revolution. His management in organizing the Revolutionary forces in the framework of an organization named "The Islamic Republic Party", was highly effective in neutralizing the enemy plottings during the first few months after the victory of the Revolution. Shahid Beheshti was the first person to be assigned as director of the Stat Supreme Court, by the Imam to revamp the judicial organization of the country. This scholarly highly efficient political personality, gained martyrdom the in explosion of the Islamic Republic Party's headquarters in Shahrivar 1360 (=sept. 1981), together with a large number of the authorities of the Islamic Republic order, by the infiltrating hypocritic group known as (Organization of Mujahedin Khalq). Various literary works have been Compiled by him and published.
9 - Town & Province Councils:
On 16th of Mehr, 1341 (= Oct. 8, 1963) the Iranian government had approved a bill which was to remove "the faith in Islam", as a prerequisite for voting or being voted for, in the elections of the (Majlis) parliament and the expression of "swearing to the Quran" to be replaced by the expression of "swearing to the Divine Book". This issue was severely protested to, by the Imam and it provided grounds for protests and moves by the nation against the government.
10 - Constitutional Movement:
The chaotic condition of Iran during late 19th and early 20th century, put the people out of patience by the injustice of the agents and rulers of dictatorship, weakness and incompetency of Muzaffaraddin Shah, vis-a-vis the daily increasing of people's awakening and wakefulness and the uprising of the ulema and the clergy caused the emergence of a revolution known as the "Constitutional Movement". After long fighting by the people, finally, in the year 1324 ah (=1906 a.d.) the Movement triumphed. This movement, though not conducted in correct channel, yet, it effected considerable change in the social organization of Iran, in breaking up class privileges, shook down the power of the courtiers and landlords, and in the institution of justice and law. However, the constitutional Movement did not attain desirable results because of the influence of the Westernized elements and removing the clergy from the political arena and rule, and by the coup d'etat of Reza Khan (father of former Shah) the Order of hereditary monarchy was reinstated.
11 - Zalaghis & Rajab-alis:
Names of two rebellious and cruel tribes and khans who in the chaotic rule of the Qajar monarchy, were imposing themselves on the people, pillaging their assets in the central province of Iran.
12 - Reza Khan:
Reza khan, father of the former shsh of Iran (MuhammmadReza), made a coup d'etat in 1299 ahs (= 1920 a.d.) according to a British plan and in 1304 ahs (= 1925) he ascended the throne. Before the coup d'etat he was commander of a cossack brigade in Qazvin. One of the first things he did after ascending to the throne was to ban the teaching of religious instructions and the Quran, the saying of prayers in schools, and observance of religious rites through out the country.
13 - Ayatullah Mudarress:
Seyyed Hasan Mudarres (1287-1357 ahl) a highly prominent figure in the political and religious contemporary history of Iran, had his elementary studies in Isfahan and the supplemental studies in Atabat-e-Aliyat (Karbala, Najaf, Kazemain, Samarra) attending the sessions held by such prominent scholars as Akhund Khorasani, and then returned to Isfahan after acquiring the Degree of Ejtihad or jurisprudence, and began teaching fiqh and principles. In the second Parliamentary elections (1327 ahl) he was selected by the grand reference authorities and the ulema of Najaf as one of the five jurisconsults to the Majlis to supervise the process of legislation. During the 3rd term of elections, Mudarris was elected to the (Majlis) parliament. During the coup d'etat by Reza Khan, Mudarris was arrested and sent to exile. However, after his freedom, he was re-elected to the Majlis by the people. In the 4th legislative course, Mudarris was leader of the opposition majority. Mudarris opposed Reza Khan's efforts to convert the governmental form from monarchy to Republic during the 5th and 6th Legislative courses and made the majlis revoke its decision. Mudarris strongly resisted Reza Khan's autocracy. Consequently the Shah assigned someone to terrorize him but he escaped and then, was sent to Khawf and Kashmar in exile. Eleven years later, on the 27th of the month of Ramazan, 1357, a.h.l the Shah's agents poisoned him, and thus, did a superior political and religious figure of Irani attain to martyrdom in the Path of Truth. He enjoyed outstanding characterisitics and inspite of his political and religious influence, he led an utterly ascetic life. Imam Khomeini always held him in high esteem. On the occasion of rebuilding the shrine of Mudarris, the Leader of the Islamic Revolution had remarked: "At a time when pens were broken, tongues were tied, and throats were choked, he did not withhold, stating the truth and negating falsehood....This weakly, clergyman had a mighty soul replete with faith, truthfulness and pureness, and with his sharper-than-any-knife-tongue, stood up against them and cried out the truth, revealed the crimes, cornered Reza Khah and his agents, made their lives miserable for them and in the end gave his pure life in the path of Islam and was martyred by the hand of despotic shah's agents and joined his noble ancestors.
14 - Nawab Safavi:
Shahid Seyyed Mujtaba Nowab Safavi was founder of the Fadaian Islam Organization. This organization, established in 1323 ahs (= 1944) is, among the religious parties and organizations, having the longest record of sound faith in Islam and the role of the clergy in leadership of the people. The terrorizing of Abdulhosein Hajir and General Razmara (Shah's prime ministers) were some of militant undertakings of this group. Clergyman Nawwab Safavi and other members of this group were arrested by government agents in 1344 ahs (= 1965 a.d.) and were quickly tried and executed
15 - 30th of Tir uprising:
During the time Musaddiq was prime minister, enemy plottings increased daily. The Court that was atop of all internal plotters did all it could to impede Mussaddiq's work. Seeing these plottings and in order to have a better command over the affairs of the country, Musaddiq asked the Shah to let him have charge of the ministry of war but his request was ignored and Musaddiq resigned on the 25th of Tir of same year (1331). The Shah immediately appointed Qavam-Ul-Saltana as Prime Minister but the people rose in Opposition to this, and Ayatullah Kashani openly declared his Opposition to the oppointment of Qavam. In an interview, Ayatullah Kashani declared: "If Qavam is not removed within 48 hours I shall decree jihad (crusade) and shall personally don the graveclothes (Kafan) and walk up in front of the marchers to counter the measure." Following this decisive assumption of position by Ayatullah Kashani and the close-down of the bazaar and shops on 30th of Tir, the people poured out into the streets and demanded the removal of Qavam, By order of Qavam people were machine-gunned and many were martyred. Quickly government and Shah represntatives went to visit Ayatulla Kashani to appease him and have him pacify the people. However, this religious leader frankly turned down the request and emphasized that if Qavam is not removed he will declare jihad. Shah, seeing his position untenable, agreed to put Qavam aside. Thus with the sacrifices of the people, and support of the clergy, Dr. Musaddiq, once more, became prime minister (30th Tir) and this day was the culmination day of the presence of people in the arena and of cooperation between religious and national forces of that time.
16 - SAVAK:
State Organization for Security and Information (SAVAK) was officially eatablished in 1336 (=1957 a.d)by explicit order of Muhammad-Raza Shah. Savak was assigned to suppress any opposition to the Regime and to counteract the Islamic challenges. Savak had close relation and cooperation with the CIA (of America) and Mosad (of Israel). The callosity and cruelty of the Savak in torturing political prisoners was on such a level that the secretary general of the Amnesty International Organization declared in 1354 (=1975 a.d.): "No country in the world has as dark a record of Human Rights as Iran!"
17 - Land Reform:
Land Reform was one of the major principles of neocolonialization policy, and was implemented almost uniformly through the local governments in countries from Latin America-to Asia and Africa. In 1341 ahs (= 1962 a.h.) the Shah, to attract the confidence of American Capital investments, to demonstrate his agreement and cooperation with the New strategy and to open up new market for Western economy, on the one hand, and on the other, to reduce the chaotic domestic conditions and to curb the spread of popular dissatisfaction that was on the verge of social explosions, acted to implement the program of land reformation as the first principle of the six-point principles of the so called "revolution of the Shah and the people" and thus, steered the Iranian economy to bankruptcy. In Iran "Land Reform" that accompanied foreign investments, mainly American, in commerce and dependent industry, delivered a severe blow to Iranian agriculture, so much so, that the country within, a few years, came down from a wheat exporter position to a major wheat importer country. Meanwhile due to migration of the rural population to the cities and their recruitment as cheap labor force by the industries and the sevice sects, in the span of 11 years (1345-1356) (=1966-1977 a.d.) more than 20000 rural areas were vacated.
18 - Imam Sadiq (a.s.):
His Holiness Jaafar ibn Muhammad Imam Sadiq (a.s) is the 6th Imam of the world of Shiism (83-148 ahl) His role in reviving genuine Islamic teachings and in organizing numerous teaching centers and educating faithful forces was exceptional because of the conditions of his time, so much so that Shiism has been ascribed to him and called the Jaafari sect
19 - Noefel le Chateau:
When the Revolution was ablaze in Iran, the Monarchial Regime of Iran and the Baathis Regime of Iraq in cooperation with each other decided to create limitations for the Imam. The Iraqi Security Organization besieged the Imam's residence and prevented contacts between him and the clergy or people. Such limitations made the Imam, who was unwilling to take a single step backward, decide to leave Iraq. He set out for Kuwait but the government of Kuwait prevented imam's entry to that country and, he therefore, went to France and took residence in a village by the name of Noefel le chateau, near Paris (25 Kilometers from Paris). Two small houses were available to the Imam and his company. In house No. one which was very small the Imam and his family members lived, House No. 2 located opposite to house No.1 was for gathering of Iranian students and office workers. Here the Imam performed congregational and evening prayers. In the mean time, a place was leased as a hostel for students and visitors to rest. Shahid Mehdi Iraqi managed this house and, due to lack of space, often as many as 20 to 30 persons slept in one room. Imam's visitors could stay in this place up to 48 hours. It is worth saying that the Imam was so keen on expenditure of religious funds, that, he did not allow the lease money for the place to be paid from the Imam's portion or share. Iranians who were better off paid the rent so that student would not face undue hardship.
20 - Narration:
This narration is ascribed to Imam Hosein (a.s), the second Imam of world Shiism.
21 - Haj Ismail and Haj tayyeb:
These two men were dedicated fighters who were executed on 11th of Aban, 1342 (= Nov. 2, 1963 a.d.) on charges of participation in the 15th Khurdad uprising. In the 15th Khurdad uprising Tayyib dispersed the group of followers of Shaaban Jaafari known as Shaaban Bimokh (brainless) who supported the Shah by gathering a group of rascals in the street. By mental and physical torture, the Regime wanted the afore mentioned two men to declare that they had received money from Imam Khomeini. At last noticing their steadfast denial, they murdured them through torture. When the news of the martyrdom of these two men spread, the theologic assemblies and religious instruction classes closed down and on the 7th day of their martyrdom a number of prominent religious personalities of the business and bazaar areas under the heading name of "Coalition Islamic Assiciations" issued a statement, part of which read: "At dawn, on Saturday, two of the bravest sons of Iran who suffered the most inhuman tortures but did not agree to accept the untruths that Savak had forged and meant to impose on the clergy, were machine-gunned by the bloodthirsty servants of foreigners. Their names, however, bedecked for ever, the pages of the history of anti-foreign challenges." With regard to those who were exiled to Bandar Abbas and those imprisoned in Tehran let us point out that those arrested in the Tayyib and Haj Esmail sdventure numbered 17 for all of whom the Military Court prosecutor asked the penalty of death by hanging.
22 - Gen. Hossein Fardoust:
Hosein Fardoust entered the special class in the Military grade school, since childhood. This class was prepared by Reza Khan for his heir apparent Muhammad-Reza Pahlavi. Thus, Fardoust was the most intimate friend and confidant of Muhammad-Reza. On departure of the crown-prince to Switzerland Fardoust was officially sent along with him and was his intimate friend during the years he resided in Switzerland. Upon Muhammad-Reza's ascension to the throne, Fardoust remained by his side. This relationship continued until the Shah introduced him as his friend everywhere. General Fardoust served as Muhammad-Reza's eyes and ears. At the head of the most important information organ of the Pahlavi Regime, known as the "Office of Special Information" regarded as the Shah's personal information agency. Fardoust supervised the entire political and information systems of the country, even on Savak. He thus, maintained the Shah's personal relations with the most important information organs of equal standing.
23 - Jamal Abdol-Nasser:
The popular president of Egypt who, in 1333, ahs (= 1954 a.d.) came to power and in 1335 ahs (= 1956 a.d.) nationalized the Suez Canal and by partaking in the 6-day war, he started a war of attrition against the usurper Regime of Quds but he died in 1349 ahs (=1970 a.d.) Naser'S tomb is in an ordinary simple building. He was burned in the office where he worked.
24 - Ayatullah Taleqani:
Ayatullah Seyyed Mahmud Taleqani (1289-1358 ahs (=1910-1979), a highly learned and dedicated clergyman, with a prominent role in fighting, along with the Muslim nation of Iran, against dictatorship and colonialization. He studied Islamic sciences in Razaviyya and Faiziyya schools of Qum and in 1317 came to Tehran to teach and promote Islamic sciences. In the year 1318 ahs (=1939 a.d.) on charge of opposition to the Pahlavi Regime, he was arrested and imprisoned. His classes, from 1327 on, were held in the Hedayat Mosque, Tehran where congregated were, the enlighted religious elements and the National Front religious forces which, later, was renamed the Freedom Movement. During 1330-1331 (= 1951-52) he journeyed to Transjordan and Egypt. He took part in the struggle for nationalization of oil industries. After the coup d'etat of the 28 Murdad (= august 18) he was arrested on change of giving asylum (hiding) in his house, to Nawwab Safavi, Fadaian Islam Leader. Among his political activities, mention can be made of the "Freedom Movement" that was founded in 1339 (= 1950 a.d.) by Ayatullah Taleqani and others and was, in fact, a branch out of the National Front. The founders and prominent members of the Freedom Movement were arrested before the 15th Khurdad uprising and tried after the 15th. Some received sentences of ten years, others got less imprisonment. Ayatullah Taleqani was freed in 1346 (= 1967). In 1350 (=1971) he was sent to Zabol in exile, and then, to Baft, Kerman and in 1354 (= 1975) he was arrested because of a treasonous act of a Monafiq (= Hypocrite) and sentenced to ten years imprisonment. On 18th Aban 1357 (= 1978) he was released together with Ayatullah Montazeri and a group of political prisoners. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, Ayatullah Taleqani was appointed as President of the Revolutionary Council, and was elected to membership in the Council Experts. In Murdad 1358 (Aug. 1979), by order of Imam Khomeini he led the first Friday Mass Prayer in the University of Tehran. Ayatullah Taleqani has had many works in the Exegesis of Quran, in Islamic education as well as in social and political issues.
25 - Engnr. Bazargan:
Engineer Mahdi Bazargan (1286-1373) (= 1907-1994) held numerous positions in the government of Dr. Musaddiq. These included: positions in Tehran Water Organization, NIOC and educational positions including university professorship, and as the Dean of the College of Technology. Mohandess Bazargan was instrumental in developing the "Freedom Movement of Iran". He spent some years in the Shah's prisons. When the Islamic uprising was at its Zenith, in 1357 ahs (=1979) he along with several aides assumed responsibility to investigate the strike of the NIOC workers. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the supervision of the Provisional government was assigned to him. One day after occupation of the U.S. spy Den by Muslim student followers of the line of Imam, he resigned as prime minister. He was elected to membership in the Islamic Consultative Assembly in the first legislative course. He died of heart attack at the age of 87. Engr. Bazargan has had many literary works including notes on "Industrial Thermodynamics", "Purifiers in Islam", "Road Traveled", "The Infinitely Small ones.", "Religion in Europe" and "Marxism as a Science."
26 - Vers 14 of sura Al-Fajr (dawn)
27 - Shahid S.A.Andarzgoo
Martyr Challenger Seyyed Ali Andarzgoo better known as Sheikh Abbas Tehrani was a most magnificent, most pure and most clean figure of Iranian armed clallengers. He started fighting along with the Fadaian of Islam and was closely acquainted with the late Nawwab Safavi, leader of the Fadaian. He was officially a member of the "Coalition Islamic Association" who started armed conflict with the assassination of Hasanali Mansur, the factor of the infamous capitulation agreement. Shahid Andarzgoo was one of the planners and executors of the revolutionary terror of Hasanali Mansur. He disappeared after killing this traitor and, in his absence, was condemned and sentenced to death by a court. His running away was a prelude to 13 years of secret challenge which reached its apex during the years of police rule by Muhammad-Reza Khan. His life and "flights" were, according to his frinds, more myth-like. At a time when the Savak and all security and police forces were everywhere searching every street, alley and borough in every town, city and hamlet for an armed fugitive and saboteur named Seyyed Ali Andarzgoo (Known as Sheik Abbas), he moved about with the confidence that a brave, faithful person can have, taking decisive steps to carry out his tasks, deceiving the police and escaping their traps. His flights had become a riddle for his friends and foes. Whenever police were able to find a trace of him he would be gone before the Savak raids. Most of the time he fled taking his family with him. Shahid Andarzgoo may well be declared as the most experienced, oldest, purest Muslim geurrilla in the history of Iran's recent challenges. Of late he was termed the Sheikh Carlos of Iran. He had over 23 valid identification cards and several passports. Leaving frontiers and boundaries, as confirmed by his friends and foes was easier for him than drinking a glass of water. He can be termed a moving archive of the Islamic activities of the Muslim geurrilla groups from the day the coalition Islamic Association began (the terror of Mansur) until the last day and hour of his life and martyrdom. There was no Islamic geurrilla group that Sheikh Abbas had not served or helped sameway and not made facilities available to them. The Savak was unable to apprehend him and had declared a prize for his delivery, dead or alive. If arrested he could be a source of valuable information. But he had told his friends and helpers and confirmed that he would not be trapped by the enemy, alive, "They shall meet my dead body!" and this is exactly how it happened. In the afternoon of the 19th of ramazan, 1356 while he was fasting he joined the Leqa-Allah (Presence of God) and his name was entered in the roster of the martyrs of the Islamic Revolution.
28 - 2500th year Monarrchy Celebration:
After the arrest and deportation of Hazrat Imam in 1342 ahs (= 1963), opponents to the Regime began an underground activity. From 1345 (1966) the Shah, in order to demonstrate his position and might and divert the minds of the people, arranged several festivals; the most of significant of them was the celebration of the 2500-year anniversary of monarchy which came to be known as the greatest festival of the age; a town with most expensive decoration was built by the Persepolis. Nine kings, five queens twenty-one princes, a large number of presidents, vice presidents and prime ministers from different countries took part in it. The guests were served most expensive food from Maxim's international restaurant. Dining services, dishes, drinking glasses and cups, tea services and other pots were among the world's most expensive sets. Amid the desert, were built thousands of mobile palaces and tents equipped with most luxurious furniture while most of the people of Iran lacked facilities such as water, power and physicians. In its issue of August 4, 1980. the Time Magazine wrote: Even the story teller Shahrzad could not reproduce the magnificent scenes of Iran's 2500 monarchy festivities at the ruins of the Persepolis within the frame of her tales of A Thousand and One Nights. When the Shah held the gala festival of "Jamshid's Throne" (= the Persepolis) he imagined himself as heir to world's most ancient regime of monarchy that would last for centuries or even to the end of history. Which one of his high ranking guests could imagine that the 2500-year history of the Iranian Empire would end in Muhammad..Reza Shah himself!?
29 - The holy Quran sura Al-Saff (battle Array) Verse8.
30 - Martyrdom of Haj Agha Mostafa:
Haj Mustafa was the first child of Imam Khomeini (1306-1356 ahs=1927-1977). At the age of 15, he began to sudy Islamic sciences. At 27, he obtained the degree to practice jurisprudence. When quite young, Agha Mustafa became expert in most fields of Islamic sciences. His teachers included the Imam, the late Ayatullah Borujerdi and the late Haj Seyyed Muhammad Damad. On 13th Aban, 1343 he was arrested by order of the Regime and spent 58 days at the Qazil Qalaa prison. When released, he went to Qum. The people and the clergy arranged a gala reception for him. He, as his noble father, had an uncompromising spirit and believed an all-inclusive uprising is needed to overthrow the Pahlavi rule. He worked hard to this end. But Iraqi Security Agency, that was on the look out, arrested him in 1348 (1969) and took him directly to the President's palace in Baghded. Hassan Albakr, Iraqi President who was aware of Agha Mustafa's secret visits with Ayatullah Hakim, threatened him and then proposed that he enters the fight against Iran with the help of the Baathist Regime of Iraq. He declined the offer while in Iran the Shah's Regime was busy spreading rumors against him claiming that Agha Mustafa was cooperating with Iraqi government. Haj Agha Mustafa was martyred one year before the Revolution of Iran, at the age of 47.
31 - The holy Quran, sura Raad, Verse 11.
32 - A Narration ascribed to Hazrat Imam Sadeq (a.s.) World Shiism's 6th Imam.
33 - The Holy Quran, sura Baqara (the Cow), verse 249.
34 - Annihilation in God:
"Fana" or non-existence is a mystic term and it means annihilation of Abd (servant) in Haq (master or God). It means extinction of one's human aspects into Lordship or Godliness which is the utimate passage of the Abd toward God. After lordship(Robubiyyat) it is the turn of submission or slavery (Obudiyyat) to which abd confesses. Therefore the wayfaring of the Abd (slave, servant) from the status of essence (zat) toward perfections begins until he (Abd) attains to the status of gnosis of all divine attributes or names (asma) except those names which Almighty has reserved unto Himself and when the Abd reaches this status his Quiddity, his attributes and deeds become extinct or are absorbed in the Quiddity, attributes and deeds of Haq (Truth, God) and it is at this stage or status that annihilation from annihilation which is the concealed status of aunihillation is gained by him (Abd).
35 - Four journeys:
The book Asfarul Arbaa is one of the works of Sadrul Mute'allehin, and it mean the four journeys. In this book, Sadrul Mute'allehin divides the philosophical issues into four categories by relying on the validity that is claimed for thought as a kind of wayfaring (solook), though a mental one:
1) Issues or problems that are the base and preliminary discussions to monotheism or Towhid and are in fact the wayfaring of thoughts from Creature to Creator (haq)
2) Discourses relating to monotheism or oneness, to theology and to the Divine Attributes (wayfaring by divinity within divinity)
3) Discourses re Divine acts, the Overall Worlds of existence (journey from Creator to Creature by creator)
4) Discourses of the soul and resurrection journey within the creation by creator). This is a popular book which is taught in the theologic assemblies.
36 - A part of verse 7 of sura Muhammad
37 - A part of Verse 2 of sura Al-Hashr
38 - Narration
39 - Verse 141, sura Nissa-(Women)
40 - Imam Hussein, (a.s.):
Imam Hosein son of Amirul Mumenin Ali (a.s.) and Fatima (a.s.) daughter of the Prophet (saw) is the third Shiite Imam. He was born in the 4th year ahl. (625 a.d.) in Medina. His initial Training on the laps of the Prophet (saw), the teachings of his noble father, and his prolonged presence in the politico-military events of early days of Islam had best developed his distinguished personality. In 61 ahl, Imam Hosein rose up against Yazid's rule with the small number of aides, he had. Confrontation with Yazid's 10000 strong army occurred in a land known as Karbala (in Iraq), In this sanguinary epic event Imam Hosein and his men totalling 72 including his Sons all were martyred and their families were taken captive.
41 - Mulla Sadra:
Sadrulmute'allehin Shirazi known as Mulla Sadra (died 1050 ahl) was founder of (Hekmat-e-Mute'alliah) (transcindental philosophy or sophia. The expression Hekmat-e-Mute'alliah had been uesd by Avicenna in the book "Esharat" but Bu Ali's philosophy did not come to be known by this term. Sadrul-mute'-allehin, formally termed his philosophy "hekmat mute'allia" and it became known by the same name. Mulla Sadra's method is similar to the school of the Illuminationist, that is, it believes in the same argumentation, intuition and revelation but it differs from it principally and, conclusively . In the school of Mulla Sadra, many points of illuminative and peripatetic philosophy were solved. Also the differences between the philosophy itself and mysticism and differences between philosophy and "Kalam" were for ever solved. Sadrul-Mute'allehin's philosophy is not an eclectic philosophy. Rather, it is a particular philosophic system in emergence of which, though the various Islamic methods of thinking were effective, yet, it must be regarded an independent system of thought. Mulla Sadra digested all that was handed down, in the area of philosophy, from ancient Greeks, especially Plato and Aristotle and all that had been explained by Islamic philosophers such as Farabi, Avicenna, Sheikh Eshraq, and or, by their own initiative, had been added to the philosophy, and all that the great mystics, by their inner intuition and the power of mysticism had discovered, and then he devised a new foundation from the beginning and based it on steadfast and impregnable rules and principles. From the viewpoint of argumentation and proof, he gave the philosophic problems, like those of mathematics, such an order that they can be derived and adduced from one another and, in so doing, brought the philosophy out of the scattered ways of reasoning and argumentation.
42 - Hallaj:
Hosein ibn Mansur known as Hallaj is one of the mystics of the 3rd century a.h.l. (he died in 309, ahl=922 a.d.). He was arrested and imprisoned for years because of his beliefs, and he deserves death. He was meted a thousand lashes, his hands and feet were severed, his body was then burned and thrown into the Tigris River (in Baghdad). The accusation they levied on him and which is remained in the minds is that, which in a state of mystic trance he had cried "ANA-L-Haq" (I am the Truth or God). By negligence,mostly the name of Hosein's father, i.e, Mansur has been used instead of Hallaj's first name, i.e., Hosein.
43 - A Part of Verse 8, sura Battle Array (Holy Quran)
44 - Written Prayer:
A Part of Ziaratnameh (written prayers to be recited during a pilgrimage or any visit to the holy shrines)
45 - Verses 27 and 28 of the Sura Al-Fajr (Dawn), in the sacred Book, the Quran