title html

Co @@ @@  C l@ @@ D@@@ D@ :p@G@i@C @ D@@ ))
ok  G D ,kp r@@N ,P@p@ k@V ((⁽¹⁴⁶⁾l@VD@vC
 l d  E ,Mld ⁽¹⁴⁷⁾kV d  P@vC P@C@vP@D@@
rwv ok DN d MDWN GNp C ok PD o ,PvC HD,MpS
,kC G C MDWN qC k ClG F k  k qDA ,lvo DO@C @F
,lvo lzDF wCkA Mpd  D W F DN PD lN lC
,lk kh ok Co C MDNDN  lkp l  QkDd peG@C @@W@
oDOhC pv F lzJ ⁽¹⁴⁸⁾((DvC kA  )) Cp P@@@h
 F DC l qC  PvJ kh CF lA lN D DN oCle lApF
F C vo ok Co Pd lCkq   PwFpv lvo DWC  ,Pvo
vo ok oDv  F  Dh pCk vo ok CV zF ,kh MD@@W@N
Cv MCpS qC  b  kClC HNCp vo ok kl@ Ml@d@F  p@Ck
p MDpd qC Dh  PwoDGOC ,MCpS Pw Mld  @@@ @@@z
CH ))  ldN  lCh vC F Co  p  l CrOC
P  CpzpN  HO CrC  vo )) DvoC  PvC (( C @C
qC v MDDo  MClDWDN  MDv C ,PwA CpF qC @@ D@@C
(( : D   )) kzD ,PvC DF aA  PvC C CpF

lF V ,DV  PvC DV DV ,d

N C C , DC

DC ,lC  pD  C

  ,Dpk  PvC  ldN
PvC Clk DFo Dp  C Dd F PGw  kV Mld 
 i  Dh   HVC  Cpq koCl DC qC  b DF MDD 
 ok kV Pd  oCppFkh D ok DDN pz DC  lFD  kG
:A Co  ,MpS  Mld

oCr lZ  rZ  N

oCl pNzo h qC k
kDF ok pz DC   kDeC dDFC PvC MpS  ok Mld Z
 pz DClC  k lD F PvC O A qC lC p F ,p
Z  lFD feN ,ldNqC e C lF   G MDCp  MCrW@
F kp WN  GNp p ok xJ lkVPd HNCp  MDWN ,MCkV
WN ,MCm WN ,lNCm  ,MD  Cpq kWN kh MD@@ D@@N
,lF HNCp ok  pNDD MD ,Gp HNCp@ ok  P@zCkq Co MD@@
 PGe  Mol    MDd F u    llkp@O@i@
d DZ lvo G@ @D@ @F @Z l@l@A D@p@@  kCoC @@
MD OSd F lkp E ,r kV MD d ,kF E,kV
,lkV MDl  l MD F  k Hv ,G HNCp@ @@F qC Co
 kCoC  oz   MDd  MDNDG  MCkDV Z lO@hD@v @@
l ,lzDF ozF DVF  DA kClC F  lFw DA qC Mol
EDF qC  PvC l  MpS dG EDF qC kClC F DNC  H@@v @C 
 loCl kV qC DC ,MD  Cpq,HNCp C ok kV MD kFD@
f@G@w@ C @@z @ C )) l@Aq ,x@@ qC @@z D@@@C
Z HNCp V okMD kF F koCk oD@zC ((⁽¹⁴⁹⁾l@@e@F
F k Ep ,G D okkF MCm  MD V qC   l@zo@h
DGC  )) d F DwC pqC DN k Oi ,kV DOhC @d
ok Co P C o Z  Pp vC ,PD@ @@ ⁽¹⁵⁰⁾((
pF pv  C F Vo PSd qC Co A kDkqCHD k  F w ,k
Z xJ .lClD  Co   N Co H ,O ,O@w@ kD@V
k C Co  C lA  HD  kqA ,P D qC O
.lCh e A k lD 
 lzDFd DC D A  DV MAp ,lD qC  p  Cpq lD @A
lzDG A okCo jw  FDN  l e ,lk p v F P@p@d
 lzDG  ,lzDGfp pC DWC kD  krh kD DVC qC FDN  Cpq
qC  PvC qC DWC Z  lA CdC MDN  MDC O@hC qC j@w@
pC lzDG  ok jw  OhC,Dh ,CdC MDN qC  pF ,@O@hC
H , C  CpZ koCk q Co kClOzC FlzDF lCN ,  kClOzC Z
 pF  lrpF FDWd ,D p F ko l@F @Z H@D@  koA
 Co kh F lD MD DV  lD ,EDWd DV F D@N l@@Cr@C
⁽¹⁵¹⁾ .eWC pO C  N  .lFD MD

 CN ok PvC  HW C

 DOwF F kpJ 

ClF ,lzDF  DV 

D  PzC lk DV  C
lF Z kF lCO d  rWF Dv lD@ @@v C ok x@J
 d N ok jz PD ,k PFD@O@ Co k@h j@@z ,MkCoC
WN  F ,EpZ  lCkq C qC A p  lApF kF A  ED@W@d
lD kh pZ ,EDWdF HlDz  lD A EDWd  DV  DN lD
:pz C 

Ck N  Clh  C qC oCrF

Ovpk Clh qDF Cp qo p
:koCk MDWN CC F oDzC

l ll x DNG

l l k k p DoD
H PFpN J ok  kqA DC ,jz N F lp  O D@ p@ 
Co  C lA pF C Cmo k  cC kl ok  x qC C VN @@
O l Pp  ,lD kD p  Pp @  @hC
 ppF PvC  p  lD p  ,Np P@p@ @F P@vC
,A kF DF Pw G A ok on b  k   k H@@
nhC Z  CpqPw G  b ,A lF  Pw kkp , b
rN  x EF kkp DF MG  DRoC  MO DG@dD@ qC k@z
 w MCph  Ddo Dz MD  x   Pd @F l@k
pC lD k kh qC Co C lD lApF x DF lDW D ok lCN  
.lD lpv,G gqk ok  lFD lFC Cpwh 
 CpCF PvC x hC vN ,OD  lkp @N @kD@ @F
ECl ))  pN  kN F kkp vO ,GdD@  @p@@N
DlC)) : lA p v  kDV pF ((⁽¹⁵²⁾DC  @@@@
Fe vC pC C () GC D  ⁽¹⁵³⁾ OwC Cp@C
((⁽¹⁵⁴⁾.DC C Vp  DOC
ECkA  F Dv kDzoC  O N ok DF D DOC @@Cl@F
DN ldMD  MCm A Ozn DZ k lD  Cpq PvC G
A J qC wODZ k eN CN p  TeF F Co @A @C 
 p F lODG Mo kh lD A ok @ b@@  l@@O@o
 lOhClC A A ok Co khi Mo  lOhDv A ,kh Dz HvD
A  C kkp ))  lOwCl lOzClJ DN @d MD@@ Mo@
k H ok k qC PJ  lOwCkD d @A Co k@h D@@k@h
qC lDF Co lD A ,llkp pNok lqC z p@ @F  l@l@@z@
Ep DF N Z o Cr  v  Pe  ldoCl  D nhC kDOvC
A ok  lDp DC pNHvD A DN lzDF  C Jok p qC l@F 
lzDG A ok z F PVDd Co Dv  lD E@@@ Mo@@@@A
 pz DC F PvC H @l@k kCk @V ,l@A oD@@F Co @D@v@a@A
ok  lD nhC ,P D pJ  lN F  C oDmC  @G@@D@@C
 p  x MDN  E ,DA DS@O@C @F D@N l@Ap@F D@S@O@Ckl@
DvC F jz P oDOvk F  lz lk ,l@@F@@@ l@kED@W@d
kkp Dd C v F Oo  E lk ,DF DN l@z@O@zCkp@F
 pzECkA  lCk Cpd ,p ok H CdC p F Co Dv DOzC
qC pC lF ok DvZ  PvC oDwF DA F DOC Z pC G xC
lDp N ,lN e FlzDF rCpFlN  PVDd ol PvC oDZD lN
 kz oD H cC qC D@A l@@Ck @D@ ,p@C l@F ok Co A qC kD@q
N e F ,eN F upv F lCN p cC x @hCl@@F
Dp k P  lD oD ,p CJ cC F  lqDv @
,PvC  p aA  PvC EDF C qC Co CD@@@p@ @@@D@
p C DF lClApF ,PvC D p aA eN klok  lCOzCn
NpF ,A   kqA  ,k PSd qC Dv Z  PvC l,
 ))l Ppz lD D Pv  Ppz  Co @@ A l@zD@F
 VDN  )) lD Pv  ((⁽¹⁵⁵⁾C V ko p@@
 V OOC lvweC pwC pC  wC  @ uD@@C
⁽¹⁵⁶⁾.D uDC
DFnhC p  v DOv wC :wC CpC @ @@ 
pC DpN   DF nhC p p  v   D@@p@N  l@
A PDOvC PV qClqDv  D@ @F ((.⁽¹⁵⁷⁾@@@h
lzDGC oDz qC  Ov h F l  ClG F lDvo PS@@dqC
.lvPlF F  E v F DC qC lpe lF DA 
 pPDdo  PwDwC qC GNp v Hwd F   qC GNp v C 
F D k v ok Z lzDF pC F gqpF  p PDw@V
D Z P C lz   Cpq lkp  F w ,PvC oDZD
PSd  lz  F w,P pD G D ok DOhC qC lF k@
,k PSd qC  HNCp C CvD kF mhD  vC C ok k
 oDF  C UDOe p PvC NkDq  PvC ,lzDF Z p lzD@F @D@h
:PvCq ype  DF

 DZ l pF Co kh v

 DJ DkA C qC k
UoDh  kV F kz w kV  kz @O@w@Ck l@D@F 
m kVF  kz HNpO A pF kV A ok A Dh pRC @ D@mC
Co DR  kzHNpO A pF A Dh pRC  l r  k@V@ @
FD lN Z  lzDFoN Z lD  ,  Dd D@@
Cpq eN D lzDF lN ,D  D lzDF  ,FDp D lzD@F
DDN m o  PvC C DC FD   Dd cC ok 
w Co  oDGOC C F  kz  DAF lzDF OzCk VoDh pC
p  lN ,    z   qC C lN oN F l
vC  lD  Co ClO MDD   DN  CF  l@@@N
DFD  v D oDGhC ok aDZ l C DA DGdDpF D
 k CF  PvC lz C C ,lN   DGdD pF  P@vC koC
D )) .C qC  AHv   F iz  N PvC fe  PvC
F Cpz D xG  h piC  D pOzC  C l  :DN D
 DDR onC D oDGODFC C PGRC .⁽¹⁵⁸⁾ CD  w@@C
((⁽¹⁵⁹⁾C oFrC D oDGODF DDR D
C, D  PvC MDD DGdD p ok  C ClN pO@F
D  DDwCF  Z   Z lCh fVCo lN   l
P C D ok k C  lCh  FD lN  l@ @C
ok Pp  Cpq PvC PpFD  C F  PvC DO@vCp@@S@
DF   ok F Co  lk iND  rV e F PvC o@@N
.PvCPp FD r 
Od  l  kClOzC DOC C H EV  :oD@@Z @@
⁽¹⁶⁰⁾lG C O
DOC,lvo  GNp p F r ok DZ C FDN MD  kV @ Cl@F
DC D HNCpphA F lvo DN pk GNp F Co kp rN  PD kp
lD DF  Cpq lvoDOC F PD GNp C ok  lzDF C  
ok Z  .kG b PD DOC P  p@ @ p@@ k@V qC
p ok  D HNCp v F Co kpN  PmDhC P O ,k@
MDG HNCp ok DZ Co D GNp MDkp pN k DOC  GNp
 kz k ,DwC v F PkDV GNp qC MDpN  Cd 
kle DA kV F lkCl HNCp V pv  Co MCkVqC  b@@
oDvD ok  DGCp pV  DwC Cv loCl qDWN kh kldqC 
DC :DN DD )) .k wN C F PDC vo F kF C Cr@h ok @
D zC  DeC FD DGWC  oC  MCwC  DC Dp
(( :   ⁽¹⁶¹⁾DwCDd 

l PwCO PDC oDF DvC

lkq oDaF  D F D p
(( :phA D  ))

Dd Co   w PvCo  

PvqC kA F Clv pv ok aA
PVqC  l pGN kok  z F kClOzC DOC PV qC ,@@ @C qC 
: D)) .l pGN   PGe F kh MD  kh P@@@D@d
((

F DC  qC  Com

F D  qC kok Com

Pw kok  Pw  Co Dvl

Pw koh ok kA rV Co kok
Co C HNCpDN pv N ,lkp D DwC F Co oDv pV C @Z 
F DN  lkp op, H D ldF ld Co C pv DO  lk
oCp ,D b ok kkp PC DC F  lDvp Co kh kld A
PoDOi  PD  F ,kV  FGNp ok Z  .kp CoA 
 hCk DrCo  lz oDwF Dz  DwCk lD o
Ow Cp pF pv  kV C Mp  lDrCo ,@VoD@h
kD p pF kClOzC   NCm O  kkp Oi,lzDF Dw@C
hCk  VoDh CC F kkp UDOe oDZD ,kz@ E@@@,l@zD@F
,DNd  Cn )) lD pFCpF VoDh  hCk DrCo DF l@C@N@
 lOvpPDC F PvC hCk vo  Co   k@@ D@@O@C ((
oD ,kPDC  h Mk F Co DC  lDp QG DD@@@Co
D D )) .DCMk G  PFDO F Co h lD N  l@D@p@
ODF kDV  weCC eDF Fo Gv C kC :Dz D@@N
pC C  vpCCCCCC :C PV D  .⁽¹⁶²⁾w@dC @
  D  nivpC @NC D@  :@D@@N D@  .⁽¹⁶³⁾@@@
((⁽¹⁶⁴⁾COD
qCMkDv  ,k PFDO Co kh pF  k Mk G x p x@J
 pvkhx p .k Vo h C v F  kFo PCl@ Cl@@
NCm DOC qC Co ,kq CpeC DCk F PC Pvk  kp qDA Cok@h
F ,lDWC P F oD phA PhDv pe Co Dw@C UCr@  P@hCl@C
kkp pe DwC p pF kqC pC V DZ ,kkp p 
.kqDvlvD Co do  kz lvD lF
VoDhvo Pp Cr Co DF vo  PvC HVC x p p@F x@J
Dh Oio FlZ p  lApF D A J ok lFD D DV p ok  lk oCp
F DF  N  krAPFDO DCk pF Co kh  lzDF DDok kp @ 
F DN lD eN C o FPvC DwC Ow kDV  p@e@@ D@Co
p   p  :Dz DND D )) ,lD Co qC DrCo r@Co
 C CVo CmC Con lC  C@O@@ @D@ @@@
EV F PvC l HVCC pz A kD .((⁽¹⁶⁵⁾on@e@
A qC CrODF DZ P Dv F h  pF k MpW@ ,D@@
MpW PvC  HVC  lCkp pwNoDwF oDGhC ok  kz kDOw
 N Co MpW PD  pDv pF PDC  kClC O  lOw@ p@F
 PvC O oCk D  kCk oCp phC  F PvCoCk D@
 Dz  Dw p F ok  oD kh Dw MDA qC@@W@C@
F  Ck lCN Co p  lzDF kp Dd DF W@C @@D@w@C
Co N PhDv   Cpq kkp e ,oCnC DN Dw MD Fl@i@F
FC lF , e F oCnC  PvC ClV  k C  oCn@C@F
oCnC ok pDN  PvC k D  D qC DZ kp@@@ Mo@
pk lCpFF F  DFo Ck qC kh Z  lz 
 DN PWd ,GdD pF Cpd ,oCnC C F liF pF oCnC C qC Co
wN  pGDF uDC pDNC :DND D )) .kF lC@h Cl@ Mp@w@d
 wC kDC   D ,⁽¹⁶⁶⁾EDOC ON OC  @w@@C
w MDC  iO   wVC  jw  :D C pC cDG
f  O DC  C   hl   DCr   DNC@z 
D  C nF   CmC  pC  @@C p@@@D@Fp@@
C x oCnC C   ,⁽¹⁶⁷⁾F uDC O    Wd pC
((.⁽¹⁶⁸⁾pC  C pDFpC
Co k nhC   DGdD v F k MpW EV WD@F 
D  )).kz kDOw A qC ,G D qC kz kp p@N T@D@F @
 w  p C H :v  A  @@ C @@ C @vo
.((⁽¹⁶⁹⁾C DF He C C  C w
p PvC oDwF   G oDGhC , ok pN lC DF  @C @F
lCkCk iN,O  wO  O  pw  oDGhC  lOW 
RR HNCp ,kCp F PvCDOhC l ,d  kh  F Co p @@
,A pz Tld kD  lkppwN FDv Tld ok @ P@C o@n@
qC  Co P D k H ,PvC HVC CpF ,lzDF vC pCk hCk xp
DN kp pz DdC  G ECkA  k lD e@N C P@l@h
pF ,vC qC ,C lF  kkp zo ,DC o@F @vC Cp@v @e@
  D )) .D w  p  D  h dp PzCk lC@i@
eOwN  DC F k  lC F e vC C :wCClG@ @FC
((.⁽¹⁷⁰⁾DC  ECSC  UpCF
 kzkDOw ,A pF Clh PGe N  DFDv ,  eN qC 
O C :DN  D )) PvC kDC  MkCoC DF k@ H@@ ,kCp@
kCk oCp PFDOWO Co PGe  .((⁽¹⁷¹⁾ C GGe GND C GeN
C p , HlzDG  PvC C O ,Tld  A @@F @@@N 
F lz iO  MpS PG MD qC k pN  MkCoC  PFDO@
eN ok  PGe N PD,PvC  C ok  P  MG @hC
DC :wC  CpC DC    )) .Pz  p
HVC C H C  C F C  C H lCD C CC uD@C
F kD w l   w DC C DCH  @@@
 GF NpC l  C l ri @@C  @@ @@@v @@@
.((⁽¹⁷²⁾GDC
PCp  H EV     CpOC F koCk oDzC p@z T@l@d
 l DokD PD  F Pw PV F ,Dk  D H qC @O@zCk
DRoC  CqC kp H kF HVC  A C kr ok  kF e@
   )) pChDpJ Dl qC   pNDk  e qC   lD@@G@C
C H  D uDC  :D C wCD @w@e@ C @F @@
DCk C dC DN  oDGN CC XWC h  XC wF   G
ClO oDOC C DF [C eF] iOwCDWC C lG P@C C
FDOC D qC rWC ECS HDC OC Cl@G@ H@dC C  @@F
.((⁽¹⁷³⁾DeC FDC De
A kVok Dz DN  PwCDh PD  D Co kV p  ClF 
kV A kzpe DN PvC OzCn k Co PD A v F  kV
 V  ))  PD A @v @F k@@ p@@v  P@p@d ok Co
((⁽¹⁷⁴⁾.D

Do om p DF PvC  

Dh l DN Co om lD

 F DN Co  lDvo

i F DN Co i lCk
lzDFlDF  TG C kV lvp kh Dh PD F kV@ A D@p@ 
Pdq ,lpWz  pC pR  qC J  pR ,p pWz qC D@Z
Dh MD ,kMCkV DN C MDD@  k@z ol@ C P@@Fp@N
,DwC PD  lzDF DwC  PvCphC  N ,DA DR MDD  PvDA
D D )) .PvC FFo DC F lz  H D@ @F l@@vo
Ph kA FD :vlC   ⁽¹⁷⁵⁾DV oC D  h :D@@N
C lG :phC vlC   ⁽¹⁷⁶⁾V Oh @V D@@zC
C qC  ((⁽¹⁷⁸⁾.   C C ⁽¹⁷⁷⁾SVC Od
F lCk pGN DA MDD v F PvC MCkVlkp@v @ @@@
ko  Clh P F Co pv PDOvC qC CpeC  ,DC P Clh P@G@e@
oCqoz CoC EDF ok wC l C qC DZ lCkp pGNP
lCkpG Co D P  PvC oRD ,oCD D  oz  jN DFA
DN dG ,kz pe kh pv ⁽¹⁷⁹⁾p qC  kV x@J
FFo  ,DwCpv PD Z  lDWC P  kDw F pv phA  lzD@F
N  k pv DwC OwCp pF C  N F Dp xJ PvC
 Clh PGe ,PhDv kh G Co co   PhDFok Co C ok Co x 
 ))  kkp Dd Co C OWF  Mn kp lpv P@@@v
p pF  kz pe DwC kDV qC Dp ⁽¹⁸⁰⁾Pv mC  MCo
ECn  lFC P  Clh iv ,lD pv,Dz  Gv  @@@@F
pN P  lClF Co  PD Dp DwC  PvCkD xJ ,lFD li
 lDo Co kh ,P qC  kqDC D F  H ok Cokh l@F Cp@A
 Clh G ,lD Dw MCn ok N  @D@V @ P@vCf@@e@
 lzDF (( DO lzC )) ,lD  C DF DiOvC  @@@zkD@p@
PvC A qC MoDG pGN  N  lD d Co kh Dw p@ qC@Z
pJ Pq  PvC DOC q aA F lApF kh P@D@ H@@ ok
EDV A pzTld phA ok  kkp (( DGd lzC )) PvC DD@@@Co
p ok CoA oDFkpF d  F  lzDF C @@v ECkA @F oD@zC
DwC   x kDF F  lzDF k Dw@C qD@@ p@@v ,P@vC
 D  lzDF OD pv qC  O Co qC Mpv @k D@Mo@
lD lCN pN ,kD ok OSd F k eN Co   p@@
,kCk V Co kh x A OvJ lDFDv  PvC A qC MoDG Pd @
ok Co h jz  lFDN A ok jz x DN koClF jz D@F @FD@@
.kkp Co qC  lD pv qC DF p F lD pJ p v

pKv o ,CpGJ pJ

pz kDF  Dh 

lCkp  o  ClClh A

lCkp  Dv DF C y
 Fkh Co kh Ow  ok kh qC Co pvkh XolN F Dv lD@F 
jz Ow qC  lDlCN jz pN G DN koCkpF Co qC koA D@k@h
: D lFD Ow
 pv DN DJ O N ,N Dh OwF xFq
OwA OwA  Po ,koh koh lA N
lpN v ECkA ok  C Co C D  GNCp DN 
 )) .PvC VCoGNp v C F lCOz HO ok GN PV qC  lD
C Dp F C vD  H v  :D @C (9) C @vo @
HD pOw C  F DoC HD DOeVC O C C  @W@C
C   peGC  MeC OdoC    MCwC   @@@C
C DGC Ro DC C  olGC  WCpDv  pC  lFDC 
eF nhC  nhC  C CRo pDv  Dok CoDk CRo  DGC
A HD ECR  P   H EV ok oDGhC (( . ⁽¹⁸¹⁾p@C
((⁽¹⁸²⁾pSC  O D C   )) .lz  ,PvC oDwF
u  Pzn DZ l oDwF  DGD  kz Ow@Ckl@D@F @@
pF  H qC  DA  A Dk CokC  DCk H pFl@o@@@
p DA H ,HC  Cpq lC oDwF ,lz rD A ECR F loCkp@F
,lCOpD J ok  DA  PvC  DA Dd  PvC k D@ok
k ok D po MD  FkC  pF PvC o DA P HC
DC  kCpC F HC ,lo k @ H@@ ok @ D@@A 
NDdDF  G D  )) .lD H Dz  @D@w@@
 lzC   elw  O  l CpDF  @@
 weC DeC  C  lrV  (9) le A z D@
  qDWC oC eC GvC  l@r@ @@V  @w@C
ok P h DF  F  ((⁽¹⁸³⁾.eCC eC Gv
GO DA pF  eN p pC lF ok HClo k @ H@@
lD Co qC ol D l  D O D wOrCo F  kz
OhC F  lD DF P D  P h pF pC DC @@@F
pC phA lDz ,lkp OG ,lvD CpC  lvD lD@@ @F @C@@C
  lFD MDW  lkp DF ,PvC C N EmDV  P lF
F PvC w  C  PvC e C kr ok   l@kp@ D@Ck
pJkCoC  lApF H r F Z lD N  Mk @FD@v qD@VC
Co qC lCN d p F  lApF rCo F V  wC Dz ,l@D@@
DA pN Pvk kkp OwF Dz DJ  Pvk Co C ok  l@oCkqD@F
.kz DN

kDOVC DF  k r Z N

kD olC lq pF PDF k

 C l v q p 

z ok  Xo pvC 

 k A DF Fq N

 qC P ok rpC
HqC pv DrCo rCo F  ll Dlq  qC  x@A
oDwF DC  kz rD A ECR F  kkp oCkohpF  H qC laK
 ⁽¹⁸⁵⁾.oC kDG    ⁽¹⁸⁴⁾,D   )) .l
ND DDF pD SR C G :D C :wC  ClG @FC
G v OiC DOv G   ,ApC  W G @
DVpC lC  DpO oD m CpC  WC HdD C  @
 C l oC  iN iDF FpwN l eC  C oDn@O@F
  Hhm OiC DOvCHdD  rd    @@h Cn@
D Ce  k  D CO DGzC  S  Ow
HdD  pRC DC oDRA    pGh Cn  CD Dd @l@ 
vld  C D  wpF  eN l pv rd  FDmC C
Dq DF DoD Dz  G D@@ D@@Ck @V @@i@ @@@
C  DC DoC Cn  Cl@ @C@hC @RC @D@@d@O@w@
F DG C H  :D C wC  pV FC  ,⁽¹⁸⁶⁾@D@C
 l GO C uDC V F p C DwC F oDC D@@@C
C wC  CpC   ,⁽¹⁸⁷⁾D C f vDpC CoDC
 Dk HD DG D A  @@ C @@ C @vo D@:D@
 DDN   v  C dC D  DlC  pOC @ @@H@D@
 DW F   C  C nhC   VCp C EO C C  Ddp
((⁽¹⁸⁸⁾.d  DlC F kCoC
DOF  kz nhC  DGdD qC  kz Dd O D  x@J
p DDF lDGC DRoC   C qC Co  pC @ k@z @@ A
ok MCow  C F DGO qC F kp eN lOCl@  ko
kp nhC  C qC ZpCkp  A DO F D k nhC ,HO
.oClpF pF A qC Dk pF p F zDF
   qN  oDN DF ok WJ 
 lDqC PvC MoDG ,PDdo D ok Pzn DZ @ @ Cl@F
PSd ,lDok pC  lkp C MD  DvC  G@@ o@ @@A
pF  vC  lzDF pFP qC Ml A lzDG e  o ,HNCp
A ok C G o lDp Pw    k@ @C A
P ok  lD PGC , CpF Z  v lF ok d l@D@@
 qC PvC  PkDq   lA k,A EDWdF o ,lCon@
C qC  vC ,kz   qC pC  koCk qCo  ,@@ @C x@J
 DvDz ,Dw GNp ok  koCk q Co  NkDq, C  lpp@F
MD  V kV  x  MD   MDA@F P@vC @D@@@F
DdoMCn   MD p PvC DvDz  PvC DA qC MoDG,Dz
CC DNF DwC  Pw z  PvC DA qC MoDG ,@@ k@@V @
,D F xp xJ lDCh Co MCn  Crp @@ qC C@@d
lApF H ok ,lD Co n xp  lzDF ondok A qC lCk Co 
, MD F  lDond ,Dw D qC Z  Mp D@O@C @F
 lkp C k  lDWN C H pF C MD@ kkp@ @@
 ,Dw   Co  ,Dw xJ ,PvC  qC  NkDq 
C )) S  lzDG  ,kz  qC Dw  pC  koCk q Co
GND D jwD DNDA DNC nCDG  NC:DN F C S D@@
GNC oC C lhC   DF Dp Dz  DC D D@@C
((⁽¹⁸⁹⁾.T pON C T  eN C HC SS 
pGi P D  DC  DN qC PvC MoDG Dw@V@G@Np@ ok 
MDqC h  DC   lDp C F  lD @@@N ,kD@
 Z MphAlp  O Z  PvC k MCn ECnV  
l pN Co  pC  lApFA  klok OGC kqA kD pGi qC
lzDG  plN p F  lzKF kh qC Z D lD kD Co pGi D lDF
C   x A p Pw D  PvCfe xJ lD @ @F Cp@A 
C   wC  ClG FC  D )) .lzD@F C @@ @C@
 DDF  :D C ⁽¹⁹⁰⁾DC kDG C i D@@C :@Vr@
((⁽¹⁹¹⁾.DF x   l     l
CC p C C :wC    D DC )) PvC f@@e@ 
eNoC C FDVC D DF O C       @@ @@
ok  kpp qC qN F oDzC Tld ol ok  (( .⁽¹⁹²⁾@@
CpC  )) .k oDzC  F  qC  vC DNoC @F @m
pF DC DC ClON  O DF CD O CmC :wC 
C  WeC C PCol F V  Ow nC pDeC DW@D@
peOC DeCCn  D  jwC DC Cn  kC pweC
C DF GN oDGODF DDF CDv ⁽¹⁹³⁾pDF pDd D  V 
 C vC DNoC C  hwCoDGODF C  jwDF D@@D@R 
Dw  w weC F  CVo DV C @@  .⁽¹⁹⁴⁾@@@
CGN WC  EO :wC  DDS  Dw Dk R EDVD
kkr  F   CmC C D O DF CND  @@N  D@ @@
CmC C D O DF CN D  N  D  kkr  Cp C GdD
 .((⁽¹⁹⁵⁾ClF C C  kkr   Cp C GdD kkr F  @
oDwF F  qC C d   vC DNoC    q@N ok oD@G@hC
p   pF C  C G :wC  ClG FC  )) .PvC
CC  p      C  pC Ok p  @FC
((⁽¹⁹⁶⁾ F  F DC
C kF  DF D p ol ok  kF e DF ok :z @@
kpG QoC ,k QoC  HD DN  DGC QCp
Co  O Co C ,PvC k  v ok  CkD ,HD@ @ Cl@F
D  ,lzDF OzCk N PV  kD F PGw Z pC lD @@N
,PD MG GNp D DF wC  v MpWd aDZ l@@D@
ok P ((⁽¹⁹⁷⁾Clzo P D N C  GNC @ ))
lD NF Co nhC  N F Co nhC  N F Co DC PSd ,PFDO @d
 lDvo DOCF kh F PGw Co v  pv ,Mp@hA @D@v @ P@ A
,kkp o ,kDF MDOC  N PSd  ep ,k PSd
 le Clh voDZ lD D Co C   ,D@ Co @D@Ck
(( ⁽¹⁹⁸⁾D kq Eo )) PvChok D ok A   C 
jw ,pF kV qC F DwC  PvC O C   @ P@@
DDF DN  kz   kV,FFo MD  @C k@V @F  kkp@
D qC  lzDF lvpDA F v  k,lzDF DF pF MD  k@V
 kz C C pF lD D vC  lD CoD FMDOC ,lD pF N
  DA OD ⁽¹⁹⁹⁾eN qC PvC MoDG ,C MDF lz 
 Dw MDA F lz DF  DCk ,DN d D@Ck @F @O@@ MD@@
lDvo P  DJ CpC MDW  MDW p Dz MCp@@h
 Ddo D F G DC  lF DC p  MpS @D@qC x@p@
aA lD ok PFDO   F  DF  ,C MD F OD@@e@N
.A   lzDF  C Mo  PDd ,lAok MoDG  F
xolNvo F .Pw pw A N  oDC ,xolN  N vo F xJ
D CpFqC lCkp D Co x ,lzDF pJ  N  lN @p@ p@C
 CpC F h lzDF N  ClOC lF pC  C pF @@ @C l@z
 pNok ,l qC  D G  kClOvC qC kz D OGC ,lzDF DC@
ol p  PvC  k D D qC DZ lCkp pOkr Dk F
kh V  p pF lDkDq ,vo  @@e@N ok kD@@O@VC  l@V
DF ,loCk P G CpF qC p kClOvC WC   lCr@C@
H ok Co D ,lDvo D F Co khvo   oD phA  lqDv
piq qC DZ lD PGCC MCl HF lCk Dz MCl
l  P h lF N vo WDF  ⁽²⁰⁰⁾ ODqpF D@ ok
 DOvC   CliOvC F PvC Dh DOvC ,l@@N P@@FD@O@
pJ,pvkh Dh  .PvC phC  eN p  Dh CliO@vC@F
  C lk oD  DCo  PvC  lGp@  r@Co  D@@@z
.PvC phC    CokC D ,C MDCokC

D  PvC Dd C ,CokC D

De  PvC De ,Owz h F h

kok ,krC   p A

kp vok Dz  dF
CoC ok aA F PGe D qC MoDG DF Dp kr ok @@ @ Cp@q
 pNqC Co Dh  oA A C F DOzC D  OSd F kz @D@d
Co qC lzDF DOzCC D Z A  kon CoD F MDOC  koCk qDF Cokh
: D koCkpF 

lz DZ q DV Co p

lz DJ  H  pdq C

D Ckv yh  C yDF kDz

D DO V HG C
:wC CpC OC    D D )) pv lz  xJ
Co CnOFC .(( ⁽²⁰¹⁾ GF NpC l  C l ri C C
,ClV D Cpq , DA A qC Co ClV EDeC  P@w@@ @Co A ok
PdDv qC k C PvC CnOFC TDF ,koA   pd F D@h p@@N
 wC  DC  )) .lr C ul Mpd qC  ok C Mr@
 D ND DV C F C ND DV CmC :D@ @C,T@l@d
PD  DC P   D d DFC C  :D R . C l@F @C
  C C vo NC C eC:P :CpC D R ,P  FDeC
C F VDOe D   :wC  D ?l F O DF uDC @A
ko  ,⁽²⁰²⁾C l   :D?z m  D:P .D@C @
 C Crd wC  C C  OhC pS oDGhC  @
((⁽²⁰³⁾.
EDF qC  koCn H pF zh p@@ Co D@@h l@D@F @@ H@D@ x@J
DC F Co  Sld ok ,D@h M@@v  kD@@@C @F UD@@O@dCMl@z
MkCoC l F Co Dh  ,P  d F pk Tld ok  lkpp@@w@@N
 pm  GD  G MDD oDOvk F Co x  kqDv kD ,lN
C do PdoZ ok oCp DN lD DJ   Cmo q qC p
 H  DFo iqC  kkp SO G vo D@@A ,koA @w@
 Ddo olJ ,P lOH  Z  lFD lN ,PvC DwC 
Cn F  koCk qDF ,x okD pz qCCo C XolN F PvC Co jz  P D@
pv ,lvo F D F Z  lk h ,PvCD    h @D@h
M   ok pN mC  lD lCN ,PvC HD  C  Pew
PpzF Mk PGw pC olJ DeNoC D DN lFD ,PvC jzP@ @
.kzD QoC F PvC  P      Co C D DN,lD
MX  :  D wC  C co w   D@ ))
((⁽²⁰⁴⁾.Np l   oC MCwC

kCrF kCq kA oDF k Z

kD DP p pF kh DJ
wC kD EDV qC PvC lz  aA koCk Mk @C @F oD@zC 
 D ,wCD weC F  l D OC Mpm :D C ))
DF C vo DhC l O Dv H D omFC   C :@w@C
vp G C Oe HOwH DGC  C iC pDwF  D
 Dv oD DC D D G CeOC  lG C Ep @ C
 (( .⁽²⁰⁵⁾DC C OGw n PGCC D pC  D@@@C
PGw , F Co C PzCk D F DR Mk Ddo DNC PGw p@C
.kkp  F  ,lFD PRoC PSd  Mk PGwDN  kCk@
⁽²⁰⁶⁾ PGC C D Dv :A   C @@ C @vo @ ))
:,((

DGw  Dv k PD

⁽²⁰⁷⁾Ddo FC c F  
kp FCCo lq A   C  H Oh EDV Mk C oDGOC F 
lqp wC  CpCEDV  kF pD qC C DwV Mk C DF
DN d Mk C DOC F  liFFC le PCpz Co pFFC @G@@
kpG lF D w .kp wC  cG lqp qC PGw  D@z
⁽²⁰⁸⁾ fD p  C )) :F PhDv Co   CpZ D@FmD@@@C
jD Mk C PV qC  PvC O N qC CDdo PGw  ((
:D   lCh lqp Co lp C Co oDG

kCpC le MCoDzC Pw

kD olC kD olC kD 

G pA CoCrl

C Clqp ok  l pF

lo qC  p  kClF q p

l w   EA UCrF
D@C C )) @ P@vC l@z koC @a@A koCk oD@zC P@RCo @C @F 
⁽²¹⁰⁾(oDGhC)  OhC  DNC DF  C F .⁽²⁰⁹⁾D@G@C@Ro
C  wC  DGC  G C v   C :  )).PvC oDwF
 Hn D MD D  p  wC @ kA @ r@ n@C@@@C
.PvC oDwF oDGhC r  C F  ((⁽²¹¹⁾.QoCOC
 AolFpvkh  Cokh  ApF RCp  C H ok  rr x@J
 pF QoC  ,pv Z pF Co C Dp d  k ,olJ Pvk F MkCoC Pvk
.oCl k ,oClkpC  DV ,D pC ,C lF  FD 

h DC qC  D Co h

h D DJ MCm GF DN

DGC  k olC F

DOvC  l F  EDO F
h DF ok D C kF EV DF ok:O 
  .⁽²¹²⁾kD    on PC D@C :@D@z @D@@N C D@ ))
DGDiD R kDC   onC C vo :D C wC  ClGFC
CqD ClPV F P :D ?CkD   leDFC D :p@@@F @F
 leDFC D DNC do :D .C Pk Od kD lF  kD @
  EDOC MD C PNDVpC m MD R Vo  A Pr CmC PD@
 lz  Z ((.⁽²¹³⁾D pV D F  pW @d
 PvC MkDG  N ,DwC Ph PD PvC DwC ,D P@@h P@D@
D D )) ,PvC PDdo P F vD pF DdC PFFo ,N PD
,kkp Dd ,N ((⁽²¹⁴⁾lG C xC  WC PhD  :@D@@N
 A F kp b , kCpC D ok pC F lzDF TGC P@@@h
CoTG ,oz m  D pF F  d pF  lzDF TG ,D Ph,kkp
.lzDG
FDdo P F DNC  Dw p qC N  pGN @ l@z @@@
,EDGvC lF Pw DwC   kCoC lF ,DeGv MDGGwN e@
pv  OwV pGN P  p  i p F PvC iz @
,DA MD  vweD  PvC k   @C  ,k@@
 ,OhA ,  kDOvC lF ,PvCMDwwd ,DA   MDvwe@
 Dd  PvC DwC x DA   pz OGC x@J P@w@@
HD ok  koCk qDWN ,PwF qC C ok CC  Cpd ,A eNok O
pOF, F UDOdC ,PvC mhD ,kD F DNC  Fo PSd C Dw@
.kF lCi ,A Dk qC Ck CokC ,F  kF lCh
Co,lApF H ok w DVp  lzDF h D ok  C D l@D@F x@J
⁽²¹⁵⁾.lD q TG ,d pF DN lD
d,PvC p D  DwC p rV lF ok lClh A p@k @V
,DA MDol Dw C DGOzC  OhC D DN lzDF   kCk oCp
 ok  kzZ ,lD o Co OhC  l @d A @F @Vo
 koCk EC p pF Co h lzDF OhC Co  ll oCp d ,D
EDV  pF lG Fp pF PvCd F D UDWO@dC @@h @C
 CpFC e ok PvC EO C :lkp lkp we@N kD@
G  lF DC F h N A pk V .wC v  wC
pF pv P  MD qC h P  kD F DC Fo Pw@@D@F
CpF lDF xJ kkp ol  MDol   CokC F ECkDV
 lzDF OzCkDwC kCpC qC  p MDi  pCpv DN pF DdC  lzD@F
  DC pF CkC Gv n  )) Mk Co qC PDvo Ph @F
lD N PwAOwDz aA F Co p  lA ok (( ⁽²¹⁶⁾@@G@NC
Z p F p ND N DNoC D DD @@N l@A q @p@C
Cpq kp Mo MpF lFMk C  l F Mk qC DC  lCh
pC  MpF F l Mk D pF PvC  @@@G@NC @ @
 kF lCh Dw p V okl  Ck lzDG @Ck ok Mp@@@F
 Dpz    )) .kF lCiqDO Mk De@O@vC @F @Ck
C GO C dC eC C l C el C  eC C l@@
C C D C pSC GO D  eN  Dl C C l@
.(( ⁽²¹⁷⁾ DF  C C CzeC  